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Research Article

Evaluating Geospatial Sampling Frames with a Novel Field Census for a Malaria Household Survey in Artibonite, Haiti

Karen E. S. Hamre Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia;
CDC Foundation, Atlanta, Georgia;

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Amber M. Dismer Emergency Response and Recovery Branch, Division of Global Health Protection, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia;

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Nishant Kishore Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia;
CDC Foundation, Atlanta, Georgia;

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Anyess Travers Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia;
CDC Foundation, Atlanta, Georgia;

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Kathleen McGee Population Services International/Organisation Haïtienne de Marketing Social pour la Santé, Peguy-ville, Haiti;

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Bernadette Fouché CDC Foundation, Atlanta, Georgia;

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Luccène Désir The Carter Center, Atlanta, Georgia;

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Kathleen Holmes Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia;

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Gregory S. Noland The Carter Center, Atlanta, Georgia;

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Jean Frantz Lemoine Programme National de Contrôle de la Malaria, Ministère de la Santé Publique et de la Population, Port-au-Prince, Haiti

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Michelle A. Chang Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia;

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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.23-0891
Volume/Issue:
Ahead of Print
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The Ministry of Public Health and Population in Haiti is committed to malaria elimination. In 2017, we used novel methods to conduct a census, monitor progress, and return to sampled households (HH) before a cross-sectional survey in La Chapelle and Verrettes communes in Artibonite department (“the 2017 Artibonite HH census”). Geospatial PDFs with digitized structures and basemaps were loaded onto tablets. Enumerators captured GPS coordinates and details of each HH and points of interest. The census used 1 km2 enumeration areas (EAs) to draw a representative sample. Three remote sampling frames were compared with the 2017 Artibonite HH census. First, 2003 census EAs with 2012 population estimates from the Haitian Institute of Statistics and Informatics were standardized to the study EAs. The second sampling frame used the 2016 LandScanTM population estimates and study EAs. The third sampling frame used structures ≥3 m2 manually digitized using Maxar satellite images. In each study EA, 70% of structures were estimated to be inhabited with 4.5 persons/HH. The census identified 33,060 inhabited HHs with an estimated population of 121,593 and 6,126 points of interest. Using daily coverage maps and including digitized structures were novel methods that improved the census quality. Manual digitization was closest to the census sampling frame results with 30,514 digitized structures in the study area. The LandScanTM method performed better in urban areas; however, it produced the highest number of HHs to sample. If a census is not possible, when feasible, remotely digitizing structures and estimating occupancy may provide a close estimate.

Author Notes

Financial support: Funding for the census was provided by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This work was supported in whole or in part, by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1114297] to the CDC Foundation as part of the Malaria Zero Consortium (https://www.malariazeroalliance.org/). Under the grant conditions of the Foundation, a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Generic License has already been assigned to the Author Accepted Manuscript version that might arise from this submission.

Disclosures: The findings and conclusions presented are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention.

Current contact information: Karen E. S. Hamre, Anyess R. Travers, Luccene Desir, Gregory S. Noland, The Carter Center, Atlanta, GA, E-mails: karen.hamre@cartercenter.org, anyess.travers@cartercenter.org. luccene.desir@cartercenter.org, gregory.noland@cartercenter.org. Amber M. Dismer, Division of Global Health Protection, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, E-mail: vic3@cdc.gov. Nishant Kishore, Global Immunization Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, E-mail: ynm2@cdc.gov. Kathleen V. McGee, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK, E-mail: kat.v.mcgee@gmail.com. Bernadette Fouché, Quisqueya University, Port-au-Prince, Haiti, E-mail: mdbfouche@gmail.com. Kathleen Holmes and Michelle A. Chang, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, E-mails: ino2@cdc.gov and aup6@cdc.gov. Jean Frantz Lemoine, Programme National de Contrôle de la Malaria, Ministère de la Santé Publique et de la Population, Port-au-Prince, Haiti, E-mail: tileum@hotmail.com.

Address correspondence to Michelle A. Chang, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329. E-mail: aup6@cdc.gov
Copyright:
© The author(s) 2024
Received:
17 Dec 2023
|
Accepted:
08 May 2024
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Published Online:
13 Aug 2024
Cover The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Print ISSN:
0002-9637
Online ISSN:
1476-1645
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