Among 472 small mammals trapped in the Caratinga area of Minas Gerais, Brazil, Schistosoma mansoni infection was demonstrated in 6 of 9 Procyon, 1 of 7 Didelphis, 1 of 1 Philander, 25 of 72 Nectomys, and 16 of 383 various other rodents representing 20 species. The role of Nectomys and Procyon in maintaining endemicity needs further investigation.