• 1.

    Keysary A, Strenger C, 1997. Use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques with cross-reacting human sera in diagnosis of murine typhus and spotted fever. J Clin Microbiol 35: 1034–1035.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 2.

    Kato CY, Chung IH, Robinson LK, Austin AL, Dasch GA, Massung RF, 2013. Assessment of real-time PCR assay for detection of Rickettsia spp. and Rickettsia rickettsii in banked clinical samples. J Clin Microbiol 51: 314–317.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 3.

    Leitner M, Yitzhaki S, Rzotkiewicz S, Keysary A, 2002. Polymerase chain reaction-based diagnosis of Mediterranean spotted fever in serum and tissue samples. Am J Trop Med Hyg 67: 166–169.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 4.

    Basnyat B, 2016. Typhoid versus typhus fever in post-earthquake Nepal. Lancet Glob Health 4: e516–e517.

  • 5.

    Murdoch DR, Woods CW, Zimmerman MD, Dull PM, Belbase RH, Keenan AJ, Scott RM, Basnyat B, Archibald LK, Reller LB, 2004. The etiology of febrile illness in adults presenting to Patan hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal. Am J Trop Med Hyg 70: 670–675.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 6.

    Premaratna R, Nawasiwatte BM, Niriella MA, Chandrasena TG, Bandara NK, Rajapakse RP, de Silva HJ, 2010. Scrub typhus mimicking enteric fever; a report of three patients. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 104: 309–310.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 7.

    Adejumo A, Olabige O, Sivapalan V, 2009. Fatal dual infection with Salmonella and Mycobacterium avium complex infection in a patient with advanced acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: a case report. Cases J 2: 6773.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 8.

    Nogueras MM, Roson B, Lario S, Sanfeliu I, Pons I, Anton E, Casanovas A, Segura F, 2015. Coinfection with “Rickettsia sibirica subsp. mongolotimonae” and Rickettsia conorii in a human patient: a challenge for molecular diagnosis tools. J Clin Microbiol 53: 3057–3062.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 9.

    Rolain JM, Gouriet F, Brouqui P, Larrey D, Janbon F, Vene S, Jarnestrom V, Raoult D, 2005. Concomitant or consecutive infection with Coxiella burnetii and tickborne diseases. Clin Infect Dis 40: 82–88.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 10.

    Sexton DJ et al. 1998. Dual infection with Ehrlichia chaffeensis and a spotted fever group Rickettsia: a case report. Emerg Infect Dis 4: 311–316.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 11.

    Grynik A, Shaukat S, Htut EE, Karas JA, 2012. An unusual dual infection with Salmonella bredeney, including bacteraemia, and enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 that posed a therapeutic dilemma. J Med Microbiol 61: 1480–1482.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 12.

    Chowdhury G, Sarkar A, Pazhani GP, Mukhopadhyay AK, Bhattacharya MK, Ramamurthy T, 2013. An outbreak of foodborne gastroenteritis caused by dual pathogens, Salmonella enterica serovar Weltevreden and Vibrio fluvialis in Kolkata, India. Foodborne Pathog Dis 10: 904–906.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 13.

    Adhikary R, Joshi S, 2011. Dual Salmonella typhi infection. Indian J Pathol Microbiol 54: 849–850.

  • 14.

    Sow A et al. 2016. Concurrent malaria and arbovirus infections in Kedougou, southeastern Senegal. Malar J 15: 47.

  • 15.

    Parker TM, Murray CK, Richards AL, Samir A, Ismail T, Fadeel MA, Jiang J, Wasfy MO, Pimentel G, 2007. Concurrent infections in acute febrile illness patients in Egypt. Am J Trop Med Hyg 77: 390–392.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 16.

    Mahajan SK, Kaushik M, Raina R, Thakur P, 2014. Scrub typhus and malaria co-infection causing severe sepsis. Trop Doct 44: 43–45.

  • 17.

    Epelboin L, Hanf M, Dussart P, Ouar-Epelboin S, Djossou F, Nacher M, Carme B, 2012. Is dengue and malaria co-infection more severe than single infections? A retrospective matched-pair study in French Guiana. Malar J 11: 142.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 18.

    Blacksell SD, Sharma NP, Phumratanaprapin W, Jenjaroen K, Peacock SJ, White NJ, Pukrittayakamee S, Day NP, 2007. Serological and blood culture investigations of Nepalese fever patients. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 101: 686–690.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 19.

    Sharma Y, Arya V, Jain S, Kumar M, Deka L, Mathur A, 2014. Dengue and typhoid co-infection—study from a government hospital in north Delhi. J Clin Diagn Res 8: DC09–DC11.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 20.

    Kamath SR, Ranjit S, 2006. Clinical features, complications and atypical manifestations of children with severe forms of dengue hemorrhagic fever in south India. Indian J Pediatr 73: 889–895.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 21.

    Seow CW, Logarajah V, Tan NWH, 2017. Typhoid and scrub typhus coinfection in a returned traveler. Glob Pediatr Health 4: 2333794X17726941.

  • 22.

    Mazumder RN, Pietroni MA, Mosabbir N, Salam MA, 2009. Typhus fever: an overlooked diagnosis. J Health Popul Nutr 27: 419–421.

  • 23.

    Ormsbee R, Peacock M, Philip R, Casper E, Plorde J, Gabre-Kidan T, Wright L, 1978. Antigenic relationships between the typhus and spotted fever groups of rickettsiae. Am J Epidemiol 108: 53–59.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 24.

    Sompolinsky D, Boldur I, Goldwasser RA, Kahana H, Kazak R, Keysary A, Pik A, 1986. Serological cross-reactions between Rickettsia typhi, Proteus vulgaris OX19, and Legionella bozemanii in a series of febrile patients. Isr J Med Sci 22: 745–752.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • 25.

    Breitschwerdt EB, Davidson MG, Aucoin DP, Levy MG, Szabados NS, Hegarty BC, Kuehne AL, James RL, 1991. Efficacy of chloramphenicol, enrofloxacin, and tetracycline for treatment of experimental Rocky Mountain spotted fever in dogs. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 35: 2375–2381.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
Past two years Past Year Past 30 Days
Abstract Views 6 6 6
Full Text Views 1533 307 17
PDF Downloads 800 154 11
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Case Report: Typhoid Fever and Spotted Fever Group Rickettsiosis Presenting Concomitantly in an Indian Immigrant

Regev CohenInfectious Diseases Unit, Sanz Medical Center, Laniado Hospital, Netanya, Israel;
The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel;

Search for other papers by Regev Cohen in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Frida BabushkinInfectious Diseases Unit, Sanz Medical Center, Laniado Hospital, Netanya, Israel;

Search for other papers by Frida Babushkin in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Maurice ShapiroIntensive Care Unit, Sanz Medical Center, Laniado Hospital, Netanya, Israel;

Search for other papers by Maurice Shapiro in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Martina UdaIntensive Care Unit, Sanz Medical Center, Laniado Hospital, Netanya, Israel;

Search for other papers by Martina Uda in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Yafit Atiya-NasagiDepartment of Infectious Diseases, The Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, Israel

Search for other papers by Yafit Atiya-Nasagi in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Talya FinnInfectious Diseases Unit, Sanz Medical Center, Laniado Hospital, Netanya, Israel;
The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel;

Search for other papers by Talya Finn in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
View More View Less
Restricted access

We present a rare case of an Indian immigrant suffering from concomitant infection of Salmonella typhi and spotted fever group Rickettsia. We discuss the scarce reports of dual infections from the developing world and the related diagnostic challenges.

Author Notes

Address correspondence to Regev Cohen, Laniado Hospital, Sanz Medical Center, 16 Divrei Haim St., Netanya 4244906, Israel. E-mail: regevc@laniado.org.il

Authors’ addresses: Regev Cohen and Talya Finn, Infectious Diseases Unit, Sanz Medical Center, Laniado Hospital, Netanya, Israel, and Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel, E-mails: regevco@gmail.com and tfinnfried@laniado.org.il. Frida Babushkin, Infectious Diseases Unit, Sanz Medical Center, Laniado Hospital, Netanya, Israel, E-mail: fbabushkin@laniado.org.il. Maurice Shapiro and Martina Uda, Intensive Care Unit, Sanz Medical Center, Laniado Hospital, Netanya, Israel, E-mails: mshapiro@laniado.org.il and m-uda3@web.de. Yafit Atiya-Nasagi, Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, Israel, E-mail: yafita@iibr.gov.il.

Save