Simmons CP, Farrar JJ, Nguyen vV, Wills B, 2012. Dengue. N Engl J Med 366: 1423–1432.
Weaver SC, Charlier C, Vasilakis N, Lecuit M, 2017. Zika, chikungunya, and other emerging vector-borne viral diseases. Annu Rev Med 69: 395–408.
Diaz-Quinonez JA et al. 2015. Complete genome sequences of chikungunya virus strains isolated in Mexico: first detection of imported and autochthonous cases. Genome Announc 3: e00300–15.
United States Geological Survey. Chikungunya Virus Cases. Available at: https://diseasemaps.usgs.gov/mapviewer/. Accessed January 1, 2018.
Garay-Moran C, Roman-Pedroza JF, Lopez-Martinez I, Rodriguez-Martinez JC, Ruiz-Matus C, Kuri-Morales P, Diaz-Quinonez JA, 2017. Clinical and epidemiological characterization of chikungunya fever in Mexico. Rev Panam Salud Publica 41: e58.
Gomez-Govea MA, Zamudio-Osuna MD, Murillo KDT, Ponce G, Cavazos MED, Tavitas-Aguilar MI, Flores-Suarez AE, Villarreal-Perez JZ, Rodriguez-Sanchez IP, 2017. Chikungunya fever in patients from northeastern Mexico. Southwest Entomol 42: 143–152.
Brathwaite Dick O, San Martin JL, Montoya RH, del Diego J, Zambrano B, Dayan GH, 2012. The history of dengue outbreaks in the Americas. Am J Trop Med Hyg 87: 584–593.
Undurraga EA et al. 2015. Economic and disease burden of dengue in Mexico. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 9: e0003547.
World Health Organization, 1997. Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever: Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention, and Control. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO.
Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases, World Health Organization, 2009. Dengue: Guidelines for Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention, and Control. Geneva, Switzerland: TDR, WHO.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011. Preparedness and Response for Chikungunya Virus Introduction in the Americas. Available at: http://www1.paho.org/hq/dmdocuments/CHIKV_English.pdf. Accessed January 1, 2018.
Secretaría de Salud México, Boletín Epidemiológico SNdVESÚdI, 2015. Available at: https://www.gob.mx/cms/uploads/attachment/file/10564/sem27.pdf. Accessed January 1, 2018.
Heringer M, Souza TMA, Lima M, Nunes PCG, Faria N, de Bruycker-Nogueira F, Chouin-Carneiro T, Nogueira RMR, Dos Santos FB, 2017. Dengue type 4 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: case characterization following its introduction in an endemic region. BMC Infect Dis 17: 410.
Lorono-Pino MA et al. 2004. Introduction of the American/Asian genotype of dengue 2 virus into the Yucatan state of Mexico. Am J Trop Med Hyg 71: 485–492.
Martinez-Medina MA, Canedo-Dorame IA, 2017. First case of chikungunya fever in Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 55: 123–127.
Texas Department of State Health Services. Available at: https://www.dshs.texas.gov/chs/hprc/counties.shtm. Accessed January 1, 2018.
Ramos MM et al. 2008. Epidemic dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever at the Texas–Mexico border: results of a household-based seroepidemiologic survey, December 2005. Am J Trop Med Hyg 78: 364–369.
Reiter P et al. 2003. Texas lifestyle limits transmission of dengue virus. Emerg Infect Dis 9: 86–89.
Tsetsarkin KA et al. 2014. Multi-peaked adaptive landscape for chikungunya virus evolution predicts continued fitness optimization in Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. Nat Commun 5: 4084.
Ronquist F, Huelsenbeck JP, 2003. MrBayes 3: bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models. Bioinformatics 19: 1572–1574.
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A total of 1,090 residents of the city of Reynosa, Tamaulipas, on the Mexico–U.S. border presented at hospitals and clinics of the Secretariat of Health, Mexico, in 2015 with symptoms characteristic of dengue. Dengue virus (DENV) antigen was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in acute sera from 134 (12.3%) patients. Sera from select patients (N = 34) were also tested for chikungunya virus (CHIKV) RNA by quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. Thirteen (38.2%) patients, including five DENV antigen-positive patients, were positive. Sera from three CHIKV RNA-positive patients were further assayed by virus isolation in cell culture and CHIKV was recovered on each occasion. The genome of one isolate and structural genes of the other two isolates were sequenced. In conclusion, we present evidence of CHIKV and DENV coinfections in patients who live near the Mexico–U.S. border and provide the first genome sequence of a CHIKV isolate from northern Mexico.
Financial support: The study was supported by scholarships from the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología of Mexico (scholarship no. 262076) and Coordinación de Cooperación Académica del Instituto Politécnico Nacional of Mexico and in part by CONACYT grants 2014-247005 and 200664, and an intramural grant from Iowa State University.
Authors’ addresses: S. Viridiana Laredo-Tiscareño, Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Biotecnología Genómica del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico, Laboratorio de Arbovirología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales “Dr. Hideyo Noguchi,” Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico, and Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, E-mail: viridiana.laredo@gmail.com. Carlos Machain-Williams, Rosa C. Cetina-Trejo, Lucio A. Bacab-Cab, and Julian E. Garcia-Rejon, Laboratorio de Arbovirología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales “Dr. Hideyo Noguchi,” Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico, E-mails: carmachain@gmail.com, rosy.cetina@gmail.com, lucio4bacab@gmail.com, and julian.garcia.rejon@gmail.com. Mario A. Rodríguez-Pérez, Laboratorio de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Biotecnología Genómica del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico, E-mail: drmarodriguez@hotmail.com. Javier A. Garza-Hernandez, Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico, E-mail: biolgarza@gmail.com. Gloria L. Doria-Cobos, Departamento de Epidemiología de la Cuarta Jurisdicción Sanitaria, Secretaria de Salud, Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico, E-mail: leticiaddruiz@gmail.com. Chandra S. Tangudu, Jermilia Charles, and Bradley J. Blitvich, Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, E-mails: ctangudu@iastate.edu, jermilia@iastate.edu, and blitvich@iastate.edu. Erick J. De Luna-Santillana, Laboratorio Medicina de la Conservación, Centro de Biotecnología Genómica del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico, E-mail: ericklusan@yahoo.com.
Simmons CP, Farrar JJ, Nguyen vV, Wills B, 2012. Dengue. N Engl J Med 366: 1423–1432.
Weaver SC, Charlier C, Vasilakis N, Lecuit M, 2017. Zika, chikungunya, and other emerging vector-borne viral diseases. Annu Rev Med 69: 395–408.
Diaz-Quinonez JA et al. 2015. Complete genome sequences of chikungunya virus strains isolated in Mexico: first detection of imported and autochthonous cases. Genome Announc 3: e00300–15.
United States Geological Survey. Chikungunya Virus Cases. Available at: https://diseasemaps.usgs.gov/mapviewer/. Accessed January 1, 2018.
Garay-Moran C, Roman-Pedroza JF, Lopez-Martinez I, Rodriguez-Martinez JC, Ruiz-Matus C, Kuri-Morales P, Diaz-Quinonez JA, 2017. Clinical and epidemiological characterization of chikungunya fever in Mexico. Rev Panam Salud Publica 41: e58.
Gomez-Govea MA, Zamudio-Osuna MD, Murillo KDT, Ponce G, Cavazos MED, Tavitas-Aguilar MI, Flores-Suarez AE, Villarreal-Perez JZ, Rodriguez-Sanchez IP, 2017. Chikungunya fever in patients from northeastern Mexico. Southwest Entomol 42: 143–152.
Brathwaite Dick O, San Martin JL, Montoya RH, del Diego J, Zambrano B, Dayan GH, 2012. The history of dengue outbreaks in the Americas. Am J Trop Med Hyg 87: 584–593.
Undurraga EA et al. 2015. Economic and disease burden of dengue in Mexico. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 9: e0003547.
World Health Organization, 1997. Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever: Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention, and Control. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO.
Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases, World Health Organization, 2009. Dengue: Guidelines for Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention, and Control. Geneva, Switzerland: TDR, WHO.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011. Preparedness and Response for Chikungunya Virus Introduction in the Americas. Available at: http://www1.paho.org/hq/dmdocuments/CHIKV_English.pdf. Accessed January 1, 2018.
Secretaría de Salud México, Boletín Epidemiológico SNdVESÚdI, 2015. Available at: https://www.gob.mx/cms/uploads/attachment/file/10564/sem27.pdf. Accessed January 1, 2018.
Heringer M, Souza TMA, Lima M, Nunes PCG, Faria N, de Bruycker-Nogueira F, Chouin-Carneiro T, Nogueira RMR, Dos Santos FB, 2017. Dengue type 4 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: case characterization following its introduction in an endemic region. BMC Infect Dis 17: 410.
Lorono-Pino MA et al. 2004. Introduction of the American/Asian genotype of dengue 2 virus into the Yucatan state of Mexico. Am J Trop Med Hyg 71: 485–492.
Martinez-Medina MA, Canedo-Dorame IA, 2017. First case of chikungunya fever in Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico. Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc 55: 123–127.
Texas Department of State Health Services. Available at: https://www.dshs.texas.gov/chs/hprc/counties.shtm. Accessed January 1, 2018.
Ramos MM et al. 2008. Epidemic dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever at the Texas–Mexico border: results of a household-based seroepidemiologic survey, December 2005. Am J Trop Med Hyg 78: 364–369.
Reiter P et al. 2003. Texas lifestyle limits transmission of dengue virus. Emerg Infect Dis 9: 86–89.
Tsetsarkin KA et al. 2014. Multi-peaked adaptive landscape for chikungunya virus evolution predicts continued fitness optimization in Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. Nat Commun 5: 4084.
Ronquist F, Huelsenbeck JP, 2003. MrBayes 3: bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models. Bioinformatics 19: 1572–1574.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 58 | 58 | 7 |
Full Text Views | 1404 | 171 | 1 |
PDF Downloads | 163 | 30 | 0 |