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| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
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The Epidemiology of Imported Acute Infectious Diseases in Zhejiang Province, China, 2011–2016: Analysis of Surveillance Data
Zheyuan Ding
Zheyuan Ding
Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, Zhejiang, China
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Chen Wu
Chen Wu
Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, Zhejiang, China
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Haocheng Wu
Haocheng Wu
Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, Zhejiang, China
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Qinbao Lu
Qinbao Lu
Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, Zhejiang, China
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Junfen Lin
Junfen Lin
Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, Zhejiang, China
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To explore epidemiological characteristics of imported acute infectious diseases between 2011 and 2016 in Zhejiang province, China. Data of imported infectious diseases from 2011 to 2016 was collected from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention in Zhejiang province, and subsequently analyzed for epidemiological characteristics. A survey was conducted to investigate clinicians’ abilities to diagnose these diseases in Zhejiang province. From 2011 to 2016, 1,241 cases of imported acute infectious disease were reported in Zhejiang province, including 1,078 malaria cases, 156 dengue cases, three chikungunya fever cases and four Zika cases. Between 2011 and 2016, incidences of these diseases increased (P < 0.001). For malaria, male adults for labor export were the most affected group. Seasonal fluctuation was not obvious. Plasmodium falciparum was the main malaria type (822 cases) and most cases were acquired from African Region (791/822, 96.1%). Plasmodium vivax cases (194 cases) were mainly from African Region (78/194, 40.2%) and South-East Asia Region (51/194, 26.3%). Meanwhile, for dengue, adults and tourists were the most affected groups. The incidence of dengue was particularly high in August and October. The percent of correct clinician responses in the survey of diagnosis knowledge was 54.6% (standard deviation = 21.0%); this percentage was particularly low in general practitioners and clinicians from township hospitals. The capabilities of clinicians to diagnose these diseases were low and should be improved. Efforts should be made in improving and disseminating proper preventive measures of high-risk populations, surveillance of imported cases, and prevention and control of local epidemics.
- Supplemental Materials (PDF 19 KB)
Author Notes
Financial support: This work was supported by the Medical Research Program of Zhejiang province (Grant Number: 2015RCB008, 2015ZHA003, 2017RC018).
Authors’ addresses: Zheyuan Ding, Chen Wu, Haocheng Wu, Qinbao Lu, and Junfen Lin, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Hangzhou, China, E-mails: zhyding@cdc.zj.cn, chenwu@cdc.zj.cn, hchwu@cdc.zj.cn, qblu@cdc.zj.cn, and jflin@cdc.zj.cn.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Wang Y, Gao F, Feng ZJ, Wang J, 2016. The Report of Infectious Disease Surveillance in 2015. Beijing, China: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 178, 282 (in Chinese).
-
2.
Su S, Wong G, Liu Y, Gao GF, Li S, Bi Y, 2015. MERS in south Korea and China: a potential outbreak threat? Lancet 385: 2349–2350.
-
3.
Li J et al.., 2016. Zika virus in a traveler returning to China from Caracas, Venezuela, February 2016. Emerg Infect Dis 22: 1133–1136.
-
4.
Lin M et al.., 2008. First imported Chikungunya fever case at Guangzhou Baiyun International Port. Chinese J Front Health Quarantine 31: 221–223, 236 (in Chinese).
-
5.
Chen Z et al.., 2016. A fatal yellow fever virus infection in China: description and lessons. Emerg Microbes Infect 5: e69.
-
6.
Liu W, Sun FJ, Tong YG, Zhang SQ, Cao WC, 2016. Rift valley fever virus imported into China from Angola. Lancet Infect Dis 16: 1226.
-
7.
Statistics Bureau of Zhejiang Province, 2016. Statistic Yearbook of Zhejiang Province. Available at: http://www.zj.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjnj/DesktopModules/Reports/13.%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%B9%B4%E9%89%B42016/indexch.htm. Accessed December 22, 2016 (in Chinese).
-
8.
Wang LD, Wang Y, Yang GH, Ma JQ, Wang L, 2012. China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention (CISDCP). Available at: http://www.pacifichealthsummit.org/downloads/HITCaseStudies/Functional/CISDCP.pdf. Accessed February 21, 2017.
-
9.
Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China, 2006. Diagnostic Criteria for Malaria (WS 259-2006). Available at: http://www.moh.gov.cn/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2014/10/20141017153242754.pdf. Accessed July 7, 2017 (in Chinese).
-
10.
Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China, 2015. Diagnosis of Malaria (WS 259-2015). Available at: http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/12/20151208094408183.pdf. Accessed July 7, 2017 (in Chinese).
-
11.
Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China, 2008. Diagnostic Criteria for Dengue Fever (WS 216-2008). Available at: http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/zhuz/s9491/200802/38819/files/2b80ae383d12426eac99cd28b484ae44.pdf. Accessed July 7, 2017 (in Chinese).
-
12.
Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China, 2016. Diagnosis and Treatment of Zika Virus Disease (2016 Edition). Available at: http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/yzygj/s3593g/201602/e7c1402a03024501ad8f036de346c145.shtml. Accessed July 7, 2017 (in Chinese).
-
13.
Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China, 2008. Diagnosis and Treatment of Chikungunya Fever. Available at: http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/zwgk/wtwj/201304/4183c676b90349269a768883f04a47bd.shtml. Accessed July 7, 2017 (in Chinese).
-
14.
Xiao D, Long Y, Wang S, Wu K, Xu D, Li H, Wang G, Yan Y, 2012. Epidemic distribution and variation of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria in Hainan, China during 1995–2008. Am J Trop Med Hyg 87: 646–654.
-
15.
Chen H, Yao L, Zhang L, Zhang X, Lu Q, Yu K, Ruan W, 2015. Malaria in Zhejiang Province, China, from 2005 to 2014. Am J Trop Med Hyg 93: 305–309.
-
16.
Mace KE, Arguin PM, 2017. Malaria surveillance–United States, 2014. MMWR Surveill Summ 66: 1–24.
-
17.
Public Health England, 2016. Malaria Imported Into the UK: 2015 Implications for those Advising Travellers. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/539502/Malaria_imported_into_the_UK_2015_report.pdf. Accessed July 7, 2017.
-
18.
Field V et al.., 2010. Travel and migration associated infectious diseases morbidity in Europe, 2008. BMC Infect Dis 10: 330.
-
19.
Liu Y, Hsiang MS, Zhou H, Wang W, Cao Y, Gosling RD, Cao J, Gao Q, 2014. Malaria in overseas labourers returning to China: an analysis of imported malaria in Jiangsu Province, 2001–2011. Malar J 13: 29.
-
20.
Zhang M, Liu Z, He H, Luo L, Wang S, Bu H, Zhou X, 2011. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices on malaria prevention among Chinese international travelers. J Travel Med 18: 173–177.
-
21.
Zhang M, Liu ZY, Wang B, Huang LP, Wang SQ, Sheng HY, He HT, 2010. Survey on malaria correlations of knowledge, attitude and practice among labors going to epidemic areas of malaria. Chinese J Front Health Quarantine 33: 90–92 (in Chinese).
-
22.
National Bureau of Statistics of China, 2016. Economic coorparation with foreigh countries and regions (2015). China Statistical Yearbook 2016. Available at: http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/ndsj/2016/indexeh.htm. Accessed July 7, 2017.
-
23.
World Health Organization, 2016. World Malaria Report 2016. Available at: http://www.who.int/malaria/publications/world-malaria-report-2016/report/en/. ISBN: 978 92 4 151171 1. Accessed January 10, 2017.
-
24.
Yin JH, Yang MN, Zhou SS, Wang Y, Feng J, Xia ZG, 2013. Changing malaria transmission and implications in China towards National Malaria Elimination Programme between 2010 and 2012. PLoS One 8: e74228.
-
25.
Feng J, Xia ZG, 2014. Analysis of trends in case of malaria reported from 2004 to July 2013 in the People’s Republic of China. J Pathogen Biol 9: 442–446 (in Chinese).
-
26.
Schwartz E, Weld LH, Wilder-Smith A, von Sonnenburg F, Keystone JS, Kain KC, Torresi J, Freedman DO; GeoSentinel Surveillance, Network, 2008. Seasonality, annual trends, and characteristics of dengue among ill returned travelers, 1997–2006. Emerg Infect Dis 14: 1081–1088.
-
27.
Mizuno Y, Kato Y, Kano S, Takasaki T, 2012. Imported malaria and dengue fever in returned travelers in Japan from 2005 to 2010. Travel Med Infect Dis 10: 86–91.
-
28.
Wu YY, Lin F, Gong ZY, 2015. Surveillance for mosquito density and species in Zhejiang, 2011–2013. Dis Surveill 30: 497–500 (in Chinese).
-
29.
Zhang QL et al.., 2012. Maiden outbreak of chikungunya in Dongguan city, Guangdong province, China: epidemiological characteristics. PLoS One 7: e42830.
-
30.
Li Z et al.., 2015. Malaria imported from Ghana by returning gold miners, China, 2013. Emerg Infect Dis 21: 864–867.
-
31.
Wang T et al.., 2015. Evaluation of inapparent dengue infections during an outbreak in southern China. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 9: e0003677.
-
32.
Guo Q, Su X, Wang XF, 2015. Assessment on reporting rate of notifiable infectious diseases in hospitals in China, 2013. Chinese J Dis Control Prevent 19: 683–687 (in Chinese).
-
33.
Jin LZ, Ge H, Du XJ, Chen M, Yu M, Zheng H, Guo Q, 2016. Reporting quality of notifiable communicable diseases in hospitals in China, 2015. Dis Surveill 31: 883–886 (in Chinese).
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 429 | 307 | 11 |
| Full Text Views | 596 | 13 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 132 | 17 | 0 |