Zika Virus Infection in Syrian Golden Hamsters and Strain 13 Guinea Pigs

Lynn J. Miller United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Veterinary Medicine Division, Fort Detrick, Maryland;

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Farooq Nasar United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Virology Division, Fort Detrick, Maryland;

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Christopher W. Schellhase United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Pathology Division, Fort Detrick, Maryland;

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Sarah L. Norris United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Biostatistics Division, Fort Detrick, Maryland;

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Adrienne E. Kimmel United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Virology Division, Fort Detrick, Maryland;

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Stephanie M. Valdez United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Virology Division, Fort Detrick, Maryland;

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Suzanne E. Wollen-Roberts United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Virology Division, Fort Detrick, Maryland;

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Joshua D. Shamblin United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Virology Division, Fort Detrick, Maryland;

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Thomas R. Sprague United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Virology Division, Fort Detrick, Maryland;

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Luis A. Lugo-Roman United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Veterinary Medicine Division, Fort Detrick, Maryland;

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Richard G. Jarman Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Virology Division, Silver Spring, Maryland;

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In-Kyu Yoon International Vaccine Institute (IVI), Seoul, Republic of Korea;

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Maria T. Alera Philippines-AFRIMS Virology Research Unit (PARVU), Cebu City, Philippines

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Sina Bavari United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Virology Division, Fort Detrick, Maryland;

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M. Louise M. Pitt United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Virology Division, Fort Detrick, Maryland;

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Andrew D. Haddow United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Virology Division, Fort Detrick, Maryland;

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To evaluate potential immunocompetent small animal models of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection, we inoculated Syrian golden hamsters (subcutaneously or intraperitoneally) and strain 13 guinea pigs (intraperitoneally) with Senegalese ZIKV strain ArD 41525 or Philippines ZIKV strain CPC-0740. We did not detect viremia in hamsters inoculated subcutaneously with either virus strain, although some hamsters developed virus neutralizing antibodies. However, we detected statistically significant higher viremias (P = 0.0285) and a higher median neutralization titer (P = 0.0163) in hamsters inoculated intraperitoneally with strain ArD 41525 compared with strain CPC-0740. Furthermore, some hamsters inoculated with strain ArD 41525 displayed mild signs of disease. By contrast, strain 13 guinea pigs inoculated intraperitoneally with either strain did not have detectable viremias and less than half developed virus neutralizing antibodies. Our results support the use of the Syrian golden hamster intraperitoneal model to explore phenotypic variation between ZIKV strains.

Author Notes

Address correspondence to Lynn J. Miller, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Veterinary Medicine Division, 1425 Porter St., Fort Detrick, MD 21702. E-mail: lynn.j.miller.mil@mail.mil

Financial support: This work was supported by a grant from The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the U.S. Department of Defense or the Department of the Army.

Authors’ addresses: Lynn J. Miller and Luis A. Lugo-Roman, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Veterinary Medicine Division, Fort Detrick, MD, E-mails: ynn.j.miller.mil@mail.mil and luis.a.lugoroman.mil@mail.mil. Farooq Nasar, Adrienne E. Kimmel, Stephanie M. Valdez, Suzanne E. Wollen-Roberts, Joshua D. Shamblin, Thomas R. Sprague, Sina Bavari, M. Louise M. Pitt, and Andrew D. Haddow, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Virology Division, Fort Detrick, MD, E-mails: farooq.nasar.ctr@mail.mil, adrienne.e.kimmel.ctr@mail.mil, stephanie.m.valdez5.ctr@mail.mil, suzanne.e.wollen.ctr@mail.mil, joshua.d.shamblin1.civ@mail.mil, thomas.r.sprague7.ctr@mail.mil, sina.bavari.civ@mail.mil, margaret.l.pitt.civ@mail.mil, and andrew.d.haddow.ctr@mail.mil. Christopher W. Schellhase, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Pathology Division, Fort Detrick, MD, E-mail: christopher.w.schellhase.mil@mail.mil. Sarah L. Norris, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Biostatistics Division, Fort Detrick, MD, E-mail: sarah.l.norris2.civ@mail.mil. Richard G. Jarman, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Virology Division, Silver Spring, MD, E-mail: richard.g.jarman.mil@mail.mil. In-Kyu Yoon, International Vaccine Institute (IVI), Seoul, Republic of Korea, E-mail: InKyu.Yoon@IVI.INT. Maria T. Alera, Philippines-AFRIMS Virology Research Unit (PARVU), Cebu City, Philippines, E-mail: MariaTheresa.Alera.ca@afrims.org.

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