Authors:
, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , and
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1.
Del Brutto OH, Garcia HH, 2014. Cysticercosis of the Human Nervous System. London, United Kingdom: Springer.
-
2.
Gajdusek DC, 1978. Introduction of Taenia solium into west New Guinea with a note on an epidemic of burns from cysticercus epilepsy in the Ekari people of the Wissel Lakes area. P N G Med J 21: 329–342.
-
3.
Salim L, Ang A, Handali S, Tsang VCW, 2009. Seroepidemiologic study of cysticercosis-taeniasis in four central highland districts of Papua, Indonesia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 80: 384–388.
-
4.
Flisser A, Correa D, 2010. Neurocysticercosis may no longer be a public health problem in Mexico. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 4: e831.
-
5.
Del Brutto OH, Del Brutto VJ, 2012. Changing pattern of neurocysticercosis in an urban endemic center (Guayaquil, Ecuador). J Neurol Sci 315: 64–66.
-
6.
Medina MT et al.., 2011. Reduction in rate of epilepsy from neurocysticercosis by community interventions: the Salamá, Honduras study. Epilepsia 52: 1177–1185.
-
7.
Garcia HH et al.., 2016. Elimination of Taenia solium transmission in northern Peru. N Engl J Med 374: 2335–2344.
-
8.
Del Brutto OH, 2012. Neurocysticercosis in western Europe: a re-emerging disease? Acta Neurol Belg 112: 335–343.
-
9.
Coyle CM et al.., 2012. Neurocysticercosis: neglected but not forgotten. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 6: e1500.
-
10.
Del Brutto OH et al.., 2005. Epilepsy and neurocysticercosis in Atahualpa: a door-to-door survey in rural coastal Ecuador. Epilepsia 46: 583–587.
-
11.
Del Brutto OH, Zambrano M, 2017. Atahualpa, una población ideal para la práctica de estudios epidemiológicos. Rev Ecuat Neurol 26: 88–94.
-
12.
Del Brutto OH, Salgado P, Lama J, Del Brutto VJ, Campos X, Zambrano M, Garcia HH, 2015. Calcified neurocysticercosis associates with hippocampal atrophy: a population-based study. Am J Trop Med Hyg 91: 64–68.
-
13.
Del Brutto OH, Issa NP, Salgado P, Del Brutto VJ, Zambrano M, Lama J, Garcia HH, 2017. The association between neurocysticercosis and hippocampal atrophy is related to age. Am J Trop Med Hyg 96: 234–238.
-
14.
Del Brutto OH, Arroyo G, Del Brutto VJ, Zambrano M, Garcia HH, 2017. On the relationship between calcified neurocysticercosis and epilepsy in an endemic village: a large-scale, computed tomography-based population study in rural Ecuador. Epilepsia 58: 1955–1961.
-
15.
Castillo Y et al.., 2009. Urine antigen detection for the diagnosis of human neurocysticercosis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 80: 379–383.
-
16.
Dorny P, Phiri IK, Vercruysse J, Gabriel S, Willingham AL 3rd, Brandt J, Victor B, Speybroeck N, Berkvens D, 2004. A Bayesian approach for estimating values for prevalence and diagnostic test characteristics of porcine cysticercosis. Int J Parasitol 34: 569–576.
-
17.
Arroyo G et al.., 2017. Antibody banding patterns of the enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) and brain imaging findings in patients with neurocysticercosis. Clin Infect Dis, doi:10.1093/cid/cix774.
-
18.
Jayashi CM, Gonzalez AE, Castillo Neyra R, Rodriguez S, Garcia HH, Lightowlers MW, Cysticercosis Working Group in Peru, 2014. Validity of the enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) for naturally acquired porcine cysticercosis. Vet Parasitol 199: 42–49.
-
19.
Nash TE, Ware JM, Mahanty S, 2017. Natural history of patients with perilesional edema around Taenia solium calcified granulomas. J Infect Dis 215: 1141–1147.
-
20.
Velasco TR et al.., 2006. Calcified cysticercotic lesions and intractable epilepsy: a cross sectional study of 512 patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 77: 485–488.
-
21.
Bianchin MM, Velasco TR, Wichert-Ana L, Alexandre V Jr, Araujo D Jr, dos Santos AC, Carlotti GG Jr, Takayanagui OM, Sakamoto AC, 2014. Characteristics of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy associated with hippocampal sclerosis plus neurocysticercosis. Epilepsy Res 108: 1889–1895.
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Spontaneously Arrested Transmission of Cysticercosis in a Highly Endemic Village with a Very Low Migration Rate
Oscar H. Del Brutto
Oscar H. Del Brutto
School of Medicine, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Ecuador, Guayaquil, Ecuador;
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Seth E. O’Neal
Seth E. O’Neal
Center for Global Health, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Tumbes, Perú;
School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon;
Portland State University, Portland, Oregon;
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School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon;
Portland State University, Portland, Oregon;
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Pierre Dorny
Pierre Dorny
Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium;
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Héctor H. García
Héctor H. García
Center for Global Health, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Tumbes, Perú;
Department of Microbiology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú;
Cysticercosis Unit, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas, Lima, Perú
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Department of Microbiology, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú;
Cysticercosis Unit, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurológicas, Lima, Perú
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Taenia solium cysticercosis is difficult to eliminate without interventions or societal development. Atahualpa is a rural Ecuadorian village with documented low migration rate, where domestic pig raising is common and human cysticercosis is endemic. To assess neurocysticercosis (NCC) prevalence, 1,273 villagers aged ≥ 20 years underwent neuroimaging studies, which showed calcified lesions in 121 (9.5%) individuals, but no active disease. Likewise, positive reactions, apparently nonspecific, were found in only 3/200 subjects by the use of a monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect T. solium antigens in urine. Only 2/418 pigs reacted to three antibody bands on serum western blot and none to more than three bands. This is the first time that spontaneously arrested T. solium transmission is documented in a known endemic village. Understanding why active transmission stopped could provide insights on potential targets for control interventions. Atahualpa could provide an optimal scenario for longitudinal studies on the consequences of calcified NCC.
Author Notes
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Financial support: This study was partially supported by Universidad Espíritu Santo, Ecuador, Guayaquil, Ecuador.
Authors’ addresses: Oscar H. Del Brutto, Department of Neurological Sciences, Hospital-Clinica Kennedy, Guayas, Ecuador, E-mail: oscardelbrutto@hotmail.com. Seth E. O’Neal, School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, and Department of Epidemiology, Portland State University, Portland, OR, E-mail: oneals@ohsu.edu. Pierre Dorny, Department of Tropical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium, E-mail: pdorny@itg.be. Héctor H. García, Centro de Salud Global Tumbes, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú, and Department of Microbiology, School of Sciences, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru, E-mail: hgarcia1@jhu.edu.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Del Brutto OH, Garcia HH, 2014. Cysticercosis of the Human Nervous System. London, United Kingdom: Springer.
-
2.
Gajdusek DC, 1978. Introduction of Taenia solium into west New Guinea with a note on an epidemic of burns from cysticercus epilepsy in the Ekari people of the Wissel Lakes area. P N G Med J 21: 329–342.
-
3.
Salim L, Ang A, Handali S, Tsang VCW, 2009. Seroepidemiologic study of cysticercosis-taeniasis in four central highland districts of Papua, Indonesia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 80: 384–388.
-
4.
Flisser A, Correa D, 2010. Neurocysticercosis may no longer be a public health problem in Mexico. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 4: e831.
-
5.
Del Brutto OH, Del Brutto VJ, 2012. Changing pattern of neurocysticercosis in an urban endemic center (Guayaquil, Ecuador). J Neurol Sci 315: 64–66.
-
6.
Medina MT et al.., 2011. Reduction in rate of epilepsy from neurocysticercosis by community interventions: the Salamá, Honduras study. Epilepsia 52: 1177–1185.
-
7.
Garcia HH et al.., 2016. Elimination of Taenia solium transmission in northern Peru. N Engl J Med 374: 2335–2344.
-
8.
Del Brutto OH, 2012. Neurocysticercosis in western Europe: a re-emerging disease? Acta Neurol Belg 112: 335–343.
-
9.
Coyle CM et al.., 2012. Neurocysticercosis: neglected but not forgotten. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 6: e1500.
-
10.
Del Brutto OH et al.., 2005. Epilepsy and neurocysticercosis in Atahualpa: a door-to-door survey in rural coastal Ecuador. Epilepsia 46: 583–587.
-
11.
Del Brutto OH, Zambrano M, 2017. Atahualpa, una población ideal para la práctica de estudios epidemiológicos. Rev Ecuat Neurol 26: 88–94.
-
12.
Del Brutto OH, Salgado P, Lama J, Del Brutto VJ, Campos X, Zambrano M, Garcia HH, 2015. Calcified neurocysticercosis associates with hippocampal atrophy: a population-based study. Am J Trop Med Hyg 91: 64–68.
-
13.
Del Brutto OH, Issa NP, Salgado P, Del Brutto VJ, Zambrano M, Lama J, Garcia HH, 2017. The association between neurocysticercosis and hippocampal atrophy is related to age. Am J Trop Med Hyg 96: 234–238.
-
14.
Del Brutto OH, Arroyo G, Del Brutto VJ, Zambrano M, Garcia HH, 2017. On the relationship between calcified neurocysticercosis and epilepsy in an endemic village: a large-scale, computed tomography-based population study in rural Ecuador. Epilepsia 58: 1955–1961.
-
15.
Castillo Y et al.., 2009. Urine antigen detection for the diagnosis of human neurocysticercosis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 80: 379–383.
-
16.
Dorny P, Phiri IK, Vercruysse J, Gabriel S, Willingham AL 3rd, Brandt J, Victor B, Speybroeck N, Berkvens D, 2004. A Bayesian approach for estimating values for prevalence and diagnostic test characteristics of porcine cysticercosis. Int J Parasitol 34: 569–576.
-
17.
Arroyo G et al.., 2017. Antibody banding patterns of the enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) and brain imaging findings in patients with neurocysticercosis. Clin Infect Dis, doi:10.1093/cid/cix774.
-
18.
Jayashi CM, Gonzalez AE, Castillo Neyra R, Rodriguez S, Garcia HH, Lightowlers MW, Cysticercosis Working Group in Peru, 2014. Validity of the enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) for naturally acquired porcine cysticercosis. Vet Parasitol 199: 42–49.
-
19.
Nash TE, Ware JM, Mahanty S, 2017. Natural history of patients with perilesional edema around Taenia solium calcified granulomas. J Infect Dis 215: 1141–1147.
-
20.
Velasco TR et al.., 2006. Calcified cysticercotic lesions and intractable epilepsy: a cross sectional study of 512 patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 77: 485–488.
-
21.
Bianchin MM, Velasco TR, Wichert-Ana L, Alexandre V Jr, Araujo D Jr, dos Santos AC, Carlotti GG Jr, Takayanagui OM, Sakamoto AC, 2014. Characteristics of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy associated with hippocampal sclerosis plus neurocysticercosis. Epilepsy Res 108: 1889–1895.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 598 | 500 | 198 |
| Full Text Views | 702 | 10 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 90 | 10 | 0 |