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The Emergence of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a newly recognized hemorrhagic fever disease found throughout Asia with a case fatality rate between 12% and 30%. Since 2009, SFTS has been reported in China throughout 14 Chinese Provinces. In addition, SFTS has been recognized in South Korea and Japan with the first confirmed cases reported in 2012. A similar disease, caused by the closely related Heartland virus, was also reported in the United States in 2009. SFTS is caused by SFTS virus, a novel tick-borne virus in the family Bunyaviridae, genus Phlebovirus. Unlike other mosquito- and sandfly-borne bunyaviruses, SFTS virus has not been extensively studied due to its recent emergence and many unknowns regarding its pathogenesis, life cycle, transmission, and options for therapeutics remains. In this review, we report the most current findings in SFTS virus research.
Author Notes
Authors’ addresses: Jesus A. Silvas and Patricia V. Aguilar, Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Pathology, Galveston, TX, E-mails: jasilvas@utmb.edu and pvaguila@utmb.edu.
Financial support: This study was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants number F31 AI124662-01 and AI115286-01A1. Patricia V. Aguilar was also partially supported by 5R24AI120942-02.