Author:
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Pullan RL, Smith JL, Jasrasaria R, Brooker SJ, 2014. Global numbers of infection and disease burden of soil transmitted helminth infections in 2010. Parasit Vectors 7: 37.
-
2.
de Silva NR, Brooker S, Hotez PJ, Montresor A, Engels D, Savioli L, 2003. Soil-transmitted helminth infections: updating the global picture. Trends Parasitol 19: 547–551.
-
3.
Olsen A, et al.., 2009. Strongyloidiasis—the most neglected of the neglected tropical diseases? Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 103: 967–972.
-
4.
Krolewiecki AJ, et al.., 2013. A public health response against Strongyloides stercoralis: time to look at soil-transmitted helminthiasis in full. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 7: e2165.
-
5.
Genta RM, 1989. Global prevalence of strongyloidiasis: critical review with epidemiologic insights into the prevention of disseminated disease. Rev Infect Dis 11: 755–767.
-
6.
Utzinger J, et al.., 2012. Neglected tropical diseases: diagnosis, clinical management, treatment and control. Swiss Med Wkly 142: w13727.
-
7.
Jorgensen T, Montresor A, Savioli L, 1996. Effectively controlling strongyloidiasis. Parasitol Today 12: 164.
-
8.
Puthiyakunnon S, et al.., 2014. Strongyloidiasis—an insight into its global prevalence and management. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 8: e3018.
-
9.
Schär F, et al.., 2013. Strongyloides stercoralis: global distribution and risk factors. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 7: e2288.
-
10.
Bisoffi Z, et al.., 2014. Diagnostic accuracy of five serologic tests for Strongyloides stercoralis infection. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 8: e2640.
-
11.
Knopp S, et al.., 2014. Diagnostic accuracy of Kato-Katz, FLOTAC, Baermann, and PCR methods for the detection of light-intensity hookworm and Strongyloides stercoralis infections in Tanzania. Am J Trop Med Hyg 90: 535–545.
-
12.
Sultana Y, Jeoffreys N, Watts MR, Gilbert GL, Lee R, 2013. Real-time polymerase chain reaction for detection of Strongyloides stercoralis in stool. Am J Trop Med Hyg 88: 1048–1051.
-
13.
Levenhagen MA, Costa-Cruz JM, 2014. Update on immunologic and molecular diagnosis of human strongyloidiasis. Acta Trop 135: 33–43.
-
14.
Khieu V, Srey S, Schär F, Muth S, Marti H, Odermatt P, 2013. Strongyloides stercoralis is a cause of abdominal pain, diarrhea and urticaria in rural Cambodia. BMC Res Notes 6: 200.
-
15.
Mejia R, Nutman TB, 2012. Screening, prevention, and treatment for hyperinfection syndrome and disseminated infections caused by Strongyloides stercoralis. Curr Opin Infect Dis 25: 458–463.
-
16.
Keiser PB, Nutman TB, 2004. Strongyloides stercoralis in the immunocompromised population. Clin Microbiol Rev 17: 208–217.
-
17.
Carvalho EM, Da Fonseca Porto A, 2004. Epidemiological and clinical interaction between HTLV-1 and Strongyloides stercoralis. Parasite Immunol 26: 487–497.
-
18.
WHO, 2006. Preventive Quemotherapy in Human helminthiasis: Coordinated Use of Antihelminthic Drugs in Control Interventions: A Manual for Health Professionals and Programme Managers. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
19.
Administraçao Municipal do Cubal EdALE, 2009. Perfil do Município do CUBAL, Província de Benguela 2009.
-
20.
Agi PI, 1997. Comparative helminth infections of man in two rural communities of the Niger Delta, Nigeria. West Afr J Med 16: 232–236.
-
21.
Becker SL, et al.., 2015. Real-time PCR for detection of Strongyloides stercoralis in human stool samples from Côte d’Ivoire: diagnostic accuracy, inter-laboratory comparison and patterns of hookworm co-infection. Acta Trop 150: 210–217.
-
22.
Gasparinho C, et al.., 2016. Etiology of diarrhea in children younger than 5 years attending the Bengo general hospital in Angola. Pediatr Infect Dis J 35: e28–e34.
-
23.
Group WMGRS, 2006. WHO child growth standards based on length/height, weight and age. Acta Paediatr Suppl 450: 76–85.
-
24.
WHO, 2001. Iron Deficiency Anaemia: Assessment, Prevention and Control. A Guide for Programme Managers. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
25.
Garcia LS. Diagnostic Medical Parasitology. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology, 1–172.
-
26.
Gbakima AA, Sahr F, 1995. Intestinal parasitic infections among rural farming communities in eastern Sierra Leone. Afr J Med Med Sci 24: 195–200.
-
27.
Yapi YG, Briet OJ, Vounatsou P, 2006. Prevalence of geohelminths in savana and forest areas of Côte d’Ivoire. West Afr J Med 25: 124–125.
-
28.
Magambo JK, Zeyhle E, Wachira TM, 1998. Prevalence of intestinal parasites among children in southern Sudan. East Afr Med J 75: 288–290.
-
29.
Verweij JJ, et al.., 2009. Molecular diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis in faecal samples using real-time PCR. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 103: 342–346.
-
30.
Dada-Adegbola HO, Bakare RA, 2004. Strongyloidiasis in children five years and below. West Afr J Med 23: 194–197.
-
31.
Knopp S, et al.., 2008. Diagnosis of soil-transmitted helminths in the era of preventive chemotherapy: effect of multiple stool sampling and use of different diagnostic techniques. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2: e331.
-
32.
Fontanet AL, et al.., 2000. Epidemiology of infections with intestinal parasites and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among sugar-estate residents in Ethiopia. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 94: 269–278.
-
33.
Assefa S, Erko B, Medhin G, Assefa Z, Shimelis T, 2009. Intestinal parasitic infections in relation to HIV/AIDS status, diarrhea and CD4 T-cell count. BMC Infect Dis 9: 155.
-
34.
Knopp S, et al.., 2009. Changing patterns of soil-transmitted helminthiases in Zanzibar in the context of national helminth control programs. Am J Trop Med Hyg 81: 1071–1078.
-
35.
Getaneh A, Medhin G, Shimelis T, 2010. Cryptosporidium and Strongyloides stercoralis infections among people with and without HIV infection and efficiency of diagnostic methods for Strongyloides in Yirgalem Hospital, southern Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes 3: 90.
-
36.
Kawai K, Saathoff E, Antelman G, Msamanga G, Fawzi WW, 2009. Geophagy (Soil-eating) in relation to Anemia and Helminth infection among HIV-infected pregnant women in Tanzania. Am J Trop Med Hyg 80: 36–43.
-
37.
Khieu V, et al.., 2014. High prevalence and spatial distribution of Strongyloides stercoralis in rural Cambodia. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 8: e2854.
-
38.
Siddiqui AA, Berk SL, 2001. Diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis infection. Clin Infect Dis 33: 1040–1047.
-
39.
Sato Y, Kobayashi J, Toma H, Shiroma Y, 1995. Efficacy of stool examination for detection of Strongyloides infection. Am J Trop Med Hyg 53: 248–250.
-
40.
Nielsen PB, Mojon M, 1987. Improved diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis by seven consecutive stool specimens. Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg [A] 263: 616–618.
-
41.
Luvira V, et al.., 2016. Comparative diagnosis of strongyloidiasis in immunocompromised patients. Am J Trop Med Hyg 95: 401–404.
-
42.
Sousa-Figueiredo JC, et al.., 2012. Epidemiology of malaria, schistosomiasis, geohelminths, anemia and malnutrition in the context of a demographic surveillance system in northern Angola. PLoS One 7: e33189.
-
43.
Bocanegra C, et al.., 2015. Epidemiology of schistosomiasis and usefulness of indirect diagnostic tests in school-age children in Cubal, Central Angola. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 9: e0004055.
-
44.
Soares Magalhães RJ, et al.., 2013. Extending helminth control beyond STH and schistosomiasis: the case of human hymenolepiasis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 7: e2321.
-
45.
Henriquez-Camacho C, Gotuzzo E, Echevarria J, White AC Jr, Terashima A, Samalvides F, Pérez-Molina JA, Plana MN, 2016. Ivermectin versus albendazole or thiabendazole for Strongyloides stercoralis infection. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 1: CD007745
-
46.
Anselmi M, et al.., 2015. Mass administration of ivermectin for the elimination of onchocerciasis significantly reduced and maintained low the prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis in Esmeraldas, Ecuador. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 9: e0004150.
-
47.
Albonico M, et al.., 2016. StrongNet: an international network to improve diagnostics and access to treatment for strongyloidiasis control. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 10: e0004898.
-
48.
Requena-Méndez A, Chiodini P, Bisoffi Z, Buonfrate D, Gotuzzo E, Muñoz J, 2013. The laboratory diagnosis and follow up of strongyloidiasis: a systematic review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 7: e2002.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 49 | 49 | 13 |
| Full Text Views | 662 | 167 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 308 | 83 | 0 |
Prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis and Other Intestinal Parasite Infections in School Children in a Rural Area of Angola: A Cross-Sectional Study
María Luisa Aznar Ruiz de Alegría
María Luisa Aznar Ruiz de Alegría
Hospital Nossa Senhora da Paz, Cubal, Angola;
Department of Infectious Diseases, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, PROSICS, Barcelona, Spain;
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Department of Infectious Diseases, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, PROSICS, Barcelona, Spain;
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Karen Colmenares
Karen Colmenares
Department of Epidemiology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain;
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Mateu Espasa
Mateu Espasa
Department of Microbiology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, PROSICS, Barcelona, Spain;
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Arancha Amor
Arancha Amor
National Center of Tropical Medicine, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain;
Mundo Sano Foundation, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Mundo Sano Foundation, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Isabel Lopez
Isabel Lopez
Department of Microbiology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, PROSICS, Barcelona, Spain;
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Arlette Nindia
Arlette Nindia
Hospital Nossa Senhora da Paz, Cubal, Angola;
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Joaquina Kanjala
Joaquina Kanjala
Hospital Nossa Senhora da Paz, Cubal, Angola;
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Domingas Guilherme
Domingas Guilherme
Hospital Nossa Senhora da Paz, Cubal, Angola;
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Elena Sulleiro
Elena Sulleiro
Department of Microbiology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, PROSICS, Barcelona, Spain;
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Begoña Barriga
Begoña Barriga
Department of Epidemiology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain;
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Eva Gil
Eva Gil
Hospital Nossa Senhora da Paz, Cubal, Angola;
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Fernando Salvador
Fernando Salvador
Department of Infectious Diseases, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, PROSICS, Barcelona, Spain;
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Cristina Bocanegra
Cristina Bocanegra
Department of Infectious Diseases, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, PROSICS, Barcelona, Spain;
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Teresa López
Teresa López
Hospital Nossa Senhora da Paz, Cubal, Angola;
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Milagros Moreno
Milagros Moreno
Hospital Nossa Senhora da Paz, Cubal, Angola;
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Israel Molina
Israel Molina
Department of Infectious Diseases, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, PROSICS, Barcelona, Spain;
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Strongyloides stercoralis is widely distributed in the tropics and subtropics. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of S. stercoralis and other intestinal parasites and identify the risk factors for infection with S. stercoralis in a rural area of Angola. A cross-sectional study was conducted in school-age children (SAC) in Cubal, Angola. A questionnaire collecting clinical and epidemiological variables was used, and two stool samples were collected. A concentration technique (Ritchie) and a technique for detection of larvae migration (Baermann) were performed. Of 230 SAC, 56.1% were female and the mean age was 9.3 years (SD 2.45). Severe malnutrition, according to body mass index (BMI)-for-age, was observed in 20.4% of the SAC, and anemia was found in 59.6%. Strongyloides stercoralis was observed in 28 of the 230 (12.8%) SAC. Eggs of other helminths were observed in 51 (22.2%) students: Hymenolepis spp. in 27 students (11.7%), hookworm in 14 (6.1%), Schistosoma haematobium in four (1.7%), Enterobius vermicularis in four (1.7%), Ascaris lumbricoides in three (1.3%), Taenia spp. in two (0.9%), and Fasciola hepatica in one (0.4%). Protozoa were observed in 17 (7.4%) students. Detection of S. stercoralis was higher using the Baermann technique versus using formol-ether (11.3 vs. 3%). Overall prevalence of S. stercoralis in the school population of 16 studied schools in the municipal area of Cubal was greater than 10%. This fact must be considered when designing deworming mass campaigns. The use of specific tests in larvae detection is needed to avoid overlooking this parasite.
Author Notes
Financial support: Fundação Mundo Sano. The founder of the study had no role in study design, data collection, data interpretation, or writing of the report. The authors of this article had full access to all data in the study. The corresponding author had the final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication.
Authors’ addresses: María Luisa Aznar Ruiz de Alegría, Arlette Nindia, Joaquina Kanjala, Domingas Guilherme, Eva Gil, Teresa López, and Milagros Moreno, Hospital Nossa Senhora da Paz, Cubal, Angola, E-mails: maznarru@gmail.com, arlettenindia@yahoo.com, joaquinakanjala@yahoo.com, domingasguilherme@yahoo.com, evagilolivas@hotmail.com, materloga2@yahoo.es, and milamor14@yahoo.es. María Luisa Aznar Ruiz de Alegría, Fernando Salvador, Cristina Bocanegra, and Israel Molina, Department of Infectious Diseases, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, PROSICS, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain, E-mails: maznarru@gmail.com, fmsalvad@vhebron.net, cristinabocanegra@gmail.com, and imolina@vhebron.net. Karen Colmenares and Begoña Barriga, Department of Epidemiology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain, E-mails: karenlcolmenares@gmail.com and bbubed@gmail.com. Mateu Espasa, Isabel Lopez, and Elena Sulleiro, Department of Microbiology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, PROSICS, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain, E-mails: mespasa@vhebron.net, maibel56@gmail.com, and esulleir@vhebron.net. Arancha Amor, National Center of Tropical Medicine, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, and Mundo Sano Foundation, Castellana 13, Madrid, Spain, E-mail: aranchazu@gmail.com.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Pullan RL, Smith JL, Jasrasaria R, Brooker SJ, 2014. Global numbers of infection and disease burden of soil transmitted helminth infections in 2010. Parasit Vectors 7: 37.
-
2.
de Silva NR, Brooker S, Hotez PJ, Montresor A, Engels D, Savioli L, 2003. Soil-transmitted helminth infections: updating the global picture. Trends Parasitol 19: 547–551.
-
3.
Olsen A, et al.., 2009. Strongyloidiasis—the most neglected of the neglected tropical diseases? Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 103: 967–972.
-
4.
Krolewiecki AJ, et al.., 2013. A public health response against Strongyloides stercoralis: time to look at soil-transmitted helminthiasis in full. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 7: e2165.
-
5.
Genta RM, 1989. Global prevalence of strongyloidiasis: critical review with epidemiologic insights into the prevention of disseminated disease. Rev Infect Dis 11: 755–767.
-
6.
Utzinger J, et al.., 2012. Neglected tropical diseases: diagnosis, clinical management, treatment and control. Swiss Med Wkly 142: w13727.
-
7.
Jorgensen T, Montresor A, Savioli L, 1996. Effectively controlling strongyloidiasis. Parasitol Today 12: 164.
-
8.
Puthiyakunnon S, et al.., 2014. Strongyloidiasis—an insight into its global prevalence and management. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 8: e3018.
-
9.
Schär F, et al.., 2013. Strongyloides stercoralis: global distribution and risk factors. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 7: e2288.
-
10.
Bisoffi Z, et al.., 2014. Diagnostic accuracy of five serologic tests for Strongyloides stercoralis infection. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 8: e2640.
-
11.
Knopp S, et al.., 2014. Diagnostic accuracy of Kato-Katz, FLOTAC, Baermann, and PCR methods for the detection of light-intensity hookworm and Strongyloides stercoralis infections in Tanzania. Am J Trop Med Hyg 90: 535–545.
-
12.
Sultana Y, Jeoffreys N, Watts MR, Gilbert GL, Lee R, 2013. Real-time polymerase chain reaction for detection of Strongyloides stercoralis in stool. Am J Trop Med Hyg 88: 1048–1051.
-
13.
Levenhagen MA, Costa-Cruz JM, 2014. Update on immunologic and molecular diagnosis of human strongyloidiasis. Acta Trop 135: 33–43.
-
14.
Khieu V, Srey S, Schär F, Muth S, Marti H, Odermatt P, 2013. Strongyloides stercoralis is a cause of abdominal pain, diarrhea and urticaria in rural Cambodia. BMC Res Notes 6: 200.
-
15.
Mejia R, Nutman TB, 2012. Screening, prevention, and treatment for hyperinfection syndrome and disseminated infections caused by Strongyloides stercoralis. Curr Opin Infect Dis 25: 458–463.
-
16.
Keiser PB, Nutman TB, 2004. Strongyloides stercoralis in the immunocompromised population. Clin Microbiol Rev 17: 208–217.
-
17.
Carvalho EM, Da Fonseca Porto A, 2004. Epidemiological and clinical interaction between HTLV-1 and Strongyloides stercoralis. Parasite Immunol 26: 487–497.
-
18.
WHO, 2006. Preventive Quemotherapy in Human helminthiasis: Coordinated Use of Antihelminthic Drugs in Control Interventions: A Manual for Health Professionals and Programme Managers. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
19.
Administraçao Municipal do Cubal EdALE, 2009. Perfil do Município do CUBAL, Província de Benguela 2009.
-
20.
Agi PI, 1997. Comparative helminth infections of man in two rural communities of the Niger Delta, Nigeria. West Afr J Med 16: 232–236.
-
21.
Becker SL, et al.., 2015. Real-time PCR for detection of Strongyloides stercoralis in human stool samples from Côte d’Ivoire: diagnostic accuracy, inter-laboratory comparison and patterns of hookworm co-infection. Acta Trop 150: 210–217.
-
22.
Gasparinho C, et al.., 2016. Etiology of diarrhea in children younger than 5 years attending the Bengo general hospital in Angola. Pediatr Infect Dis J 35: e28–e34.
-
23.
Group WMGRS, 2006. WHO child growth standards based on length/height, weight and age. Acta Paediatr Suppl 450: 76–85.
-
24.
WHO, 2001. Iron Deficiency Anaemia: Assessment, Prevention and Control. A Guide for Programme Managers. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
25.
Garcia LS. Diagnostic Medical Parasitology. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology, 1–172.
-
26.
Gbakima AA, Sahr F, 1995. Intestinal parasitic infections among rural farming communities in eastern Sierra Leone. Afr J Med Med Sci 24: 195–200.
-
27.
Yapi YG, Briet OJ, Vounatsou P, 2006. Prevalence of geohelminths in savana and forest areas of Côte d’Ivoire. West Afr J Med 25: 124–125.
-
28.
Magambo JK, Zeyhle E, Wachira TM, 1998. Prevalence of intestinal parasites among children in southern Sudan. East Afr Med J 75: 288–290.
-
29.
Verweij JJ, et al.., 2009. Molecular diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis in faecal samples using real-time PCR. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 103: 342–346.
-
30.
Dada-Adegbola HO, Bakare RA, 2004. Strongyloidiasis in children five years and below. West Afr J Med 23: 194–197.
-
31.
Knopp S, et al.., 2008. Diagnosis of soil-transmitted helminths in the era of preventive chemotherapy: effect of multiple stool sampling and use of different diagnostic techniques. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2: e331.
-
32.
Fontanet AL, et al.., 2000. Epidemiology of infections with intestinal parasites and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among sugar-estate residents in Ethiopia. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 94: 269–278.
-
33.
Assefa S, Erko B, Medhin G, Assefa Z, Shimelis T, 2009. Intestinal parasitic infections in relation to HIV/AIDS status, diarrhea and CD4 T-cell count. BMC Infect Dis 9: 155.
-
34.
Knopp S, et al.., 2009. Changing patterns of soil-transmitted helminthiases in Zanzibar in the context of national helminth control programs. Am J Trop Med Hyg 81: 1071–1078.
-
35.
Getaneh A, Medhin G, Shimelis T, 2010. Cryptosporidium and Strongyloides stercoralis infections among people with and without HIV infection and efficiency of diagnostic methods for Strongyloides in Yirgalem Hospital, southern Ethiopia. BMC Res Notes 3: 90.
-
36.
Kawai K, Saathoff E, Antelman G, Msamanga G, Fawzi WW, 2009. Geophagy (Soil-eating) in relation to Anemia and Helminth infection among HIV-infected pregnant women in Tanzania. Am J Trop Med Hyg 80: 36–43.
-
37.
Khieu V, et al.., 2014. High prevalence and spatial distribution of Strongyloides stercoralis in rural Cambodia. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 8: e2854.
-
38.
Siddiqui AA, Berk SL, 2001. Diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis infection. Clin Infect Dis 33: 1040–1047.
-
39.
Sato Y, Kobayashi J, Toma H, Shiroma Y, 1995. Efficacy of stool examination for detection of Strongyloides infection. Am J Trop Med Hyg 53: 248–250.
-
40.
Nielsen PB, Mojon M, 1987. Improved diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis by seven consecutive stool specimens. Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg [A] 263: 616–618.
-
41.
Luvira V, et al.., 2016. Comparative diagnosis of strongyloidiasis in immunocompromised patients. Am J Trop Med Hyg 95: 401–404.
-
42.
Sousa-Figueiredo JC, et al.., 2012. Epidemiology of malaria, schistosomiasis, geohelminths, anemia and malnutrition in the context of a demographic surveillance system in northern Angola. PLoS One 7: e33189.
-
43.
Bocanegra C, et al.., 2015. Epidemiology of schistosomiasis and usefulness of indirect diagnostic tests in school-age children in Cubal, Central Angola. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 9: e0004055.
-
44.
Soares Magalhães RJ, et al.., 2013. Extending helminth control beyond STH and schistosomiasis: the case of human hymenolepiasis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 7: e2321.
-
45.
Henriquez-Camacho C, Gotuzzo E, Echevarria J, White AC Jr, Terashima A, Samalvides F, Pérez-Molina JA, Plana MN, 2016. Ivermectin versus albendazole or thiabendazole for Strongyloides stercoralis infection. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 1: CD007745
-
46.
Anselmi M, et al.., 2015. Mass administration of ivermectin for the elimination of onchocerciasis significantly reduced and maintained low the prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis in Esmeraldas, Ecuador. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 9: e0004150.
-
47.
Albonico M, et al.., 2016. StrongNet: an international network to improve diagnostics and access to treatment for strongyloidiasis control. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 10: e0004898.
-
48.
Requena-Méndez A, Chiodini P, Bisoffi Z, Buonfrate D, Gotuzzo E, Muñoz J, 2013. The laboratory diagnosis and follow up of strongyloidiasis: a systematic review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 7: e2002.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 49 | 49 | 13 |
| Full Text Views | 662 | 167 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 308 | 83 | 0 |