Sheng H, Zhou S, Gu Z, Zheng X, 2003. Malaria situation in the People’s Republic of China in 2002. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis 21: 193–196.
Sun DW, Wang F, Wang SQ, Hu XM, Wang GZ, Zeng LH, Li SG, Cai HL, Lin SX, Liu Y, 2012. Distribution of anopheline mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in five cities/counties of Hainan Province. China Trop Med 12: 160–162.
Bortel VW, Trung HD, Thuanle K, Sochantha T, Socheat D, Sumrandee C, Baimai V, Keokenchanh K, Samlane P, Roelants P, Denis L, Verhaeghen K, Obsomer V, Coosemans M, 2008. The insecticide resistance status of malaria vectors in the Mekong region. Malar J 7: 102.
Sun DW, Du JW, Wang GZ, Li YC, He CH, Xue RD, Wang SQ, Hu XM, 2015. A Cost-effectiveness analysis of Plasmodium falciparum malaria elimination in Hainan Province, 2002–2012. Am J Trop Med Hyg 93: 1240–1248.
Cai XZ, 2009. Residual spraying of DDT to be an effectively interventional measure in malaria control. China Trop Med 9: 1957–1960.
Cai XZ, 1993. Anti-malaria in Hainan from 1952–1992. Hainan Med 4: 1–3, 62–63.
Dai YH, Huang XD, Cheng P, Liu LJ, Wang HF, Qang HW, Kou JX, 2015. Development of insecticide resistance in malaria vector Anopheles sinensis populations from Shandong Province in China. Malar J 14: 62.
Ministry of Health Disease Prevention and Control Bureau, 2007: Handbook for Malaria Control and Prevention. Beijing, China: People’s Hygiene Publishing House Press, 63–70.
World Health Organization, 2013: Test Procedures for Insecticide Resistance Monitoring in Malaria Vector Mosquitoes. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
Miller TA, 1988. Mechanisms of resistance to pyrethroid insecticides. Parasitol Today 4: 8–13.
Etang J, Manga L, Chandre F, Guillet P, Fondjo E, Mimpfoundi R, Toto JC, Fontenille D, 2003. Insecticide susceptibility status of Anopheles gambiae s.l. (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Republic of Cameroon. J Med Entomol 40: 491–497.
Etang J, Fondjo E, Chandre F, Eorlais I, Brengues C, Nwane P, Chouaibou M, Ndjemal H, Simard F, 2006. First report of knockdown mutations in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae from Cameroon. Am J Trop Med Hyg 74: 795–797.
Nwane P, Etang J, Chouaibou M, Toto JC, Kerah-Hinzoumbé C, Mimpfoundi R, Awono-Ambene HP, Simard F, 2009. Trends in DDT and pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles gambiae s.s. populations from urban and agro-industrial settings in southern Cameroon. BMC Infect Dis 9: 163.
Abdalla H, Matambo TS, Koekemoer LL, 2008. Insecticide susceptibility and vector status of natural populations of Anopheles arabiensis from Sudan. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 102: 263–271.
Wang DQ, Xia ZG, Zhou SS, Zhou XN, Wang RB, Zhang QF, 2013. A potential threat to malaria elimination: extensive deltamethrin and DDT resistance to Anopheles sinensis from the malaria-endemic areas in China. Malar J 12: 164.
Perera MDB, Hemingway J, Karunaratne SHPP, 2008. Multiple insecticide resistance mechanisms involving metabolic changes and insensitive target sites selected in anopheline vectors of malaria in Sri Lanka. Malar J 7: 168.
Mzilahowa T, Ball AJ, Bass C, Morgan JC, Nyoni B, Steen K, Donnelly MJ, Wilding CS, 2008. Reduced susceptibility to DDT in field populations of Anopheles quadriannulatus and Anopheles arabiensis in Malawi: evidence for larval selection. Med Vet Entomol 22: 258–263.
Diabate A, Baldet T, Chandre F, Akogbeto M, Guiguemde TR, Darriet F, Brengues C, Guillet P, Hemingway J, Small GJ, Hougard JM, 2002. The role of agricultural use of insecticide in resistance to pyrethroids in Anopheles gambiae s.l. in Burkina Faso. Am J Trop Med Hyg 67: 617–622.
Hua XM, Shan ZJ, 1996. The production and application of pesticides and factor analysis of their pollution in environment in China. Adv Environ Sci 4: 33–45.
Hemingway J, Hawkes NJ, McCarroll L, Ranson H, 2004. The molecular basis of insecticide resistance in mosquitoes. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 34: 653–665.
Qin Q, Li J, Zhong D, Zhou N, Chang X, Li C, Cui L, Yan G, Chen X, 2014. Insecticide resistance of Anopheles sinensis and An. vagus in Hainan Island, a malaria-endemic area of China. Parasit Vectors 7: 92.
Zeng LH, Wang SQ, Sun DW, Zhao W, Li SG, Yang X, 2011. Resistance assay of malaria vector to four kinds of common insecticides in some endemic areas of Hainan Province. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis 29: 200–203.
Utzinger J, Tozan Y, Singer BH, 2001. Efficacy and cost-effectiveness of environmental management for malaria control. Trop Med Int Health 6: 677–687.
Yang W, Xu GJ, Chen HL, Yan JC, Feng SZ, Liu SP, Xu ZZ, 2003. Investigation of impact of the ecologic environmental and social economic factors on malaria in areas with Anopheles anthropophagus as vector in Sichuan. China Trop Med 3: 86–88.
Ogoma SB, Kannady K, Sikulu M, Chaki PP, Govella NJ, Mukabana WR, Killeen GF, 2009. Window screening, ceilings and closed eaves as sustainable ways to control malaria in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Malar J 8: 221.
Blanford S, Jenkins NE, Christian R, Chan BHK, Nardini L, Osae M, Koekemoer L, Coetzee M, Read AF, Thomas MB, 2012. Storage and persistence of a candidate fungal biopesticide for use against adult malaria vectors. Malar J 11: 354.
Fu MY, Wang Y, Yu SS, Zhong M, Ai GP, Zhao Q, 2014. Killing effect of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis on larvae of Anopheles stephensi. China Trop Med 14: 1031–1034.
Wilke ABB, Marrelli MT, 2015. Paratransgenesis: a promising new strategy for mosquito vector control. Parasit Vectors 8: 342.
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Anopheles sinensis is one of the major malaria vectors and among the dominant species in Hainan Province, China. The resistance of An. sinensis to insecticides is an important threat to malaria control. However, few reports on insecticide resistance of An. sinensis were reported in this area. Eight districts in Hainan Province were selected as the study areas. Insecticide susceptibility bioassays were tested on wild-caught female mosquitoes of An. sinensis to 4% dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), 0.05% deltamethrin, and 5% malathion by using the World Health Organization standard resistance tube assay procedure. All the tested An. sinensis mosquitoes demonstrated resistance to 4% DDT, with less than 72% mortality in the standard assay. The populations from Baisha and Qiongzhong demonstrated possible resistance to 0.05% deltamethrin, with 94–95% mortality, whereas the populations from other districts demonstrated resistance to 0.05% deltamethrin in the standard assay. The populations from Baisha, Qiongzhong, and Dongfang demonstrated susceptibility to 5% malathion, but the populations from other districts demonstrated resistance. These results facilitate the improvement of effective control strategies for malaria vector mosquitoes in Hainan.
Financial support: This work has been supported by National Natural Science Funds of China 81460520, and Provincial Natural Science Funds of Hainan 813251, 309074.
Authors’ addresses: Ding-wei Sun, Guang-ze Wang, Lin-hai Zeng, Shan-gan Li, Chang-hua He, Xi-min Hu, and Shan-qing Wang, Department of Parasitic Control and Prevention, Hainan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Haikou, People’s Republic of China, E-mails: sdw_bmjc@163.com, wangguangze63@126.com, hnzlh09@163.com, lishgan@163.com, hechanghua2006@126.com, hxm.168@163.com, and wangsqkevin@hotmail.com.
Sheng H, Zhou S, Gu Z, Zheng X, 2003. Malaria situation in the People’s Republic of China in 2002. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis 21: 193–196.
Sun DW, Wang F, Wang SQ, Hu XM, Wang GZ, Zeng LH, Li SG, Cai HL, Lin SX, Liu Y, 2012. Distribution of anopheline mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in five cities/counties of Hainan Province. China Trop Med 12: 160–162.
Bortel VW, Trung HD, Thuanle K, Sochantha T, Socheat D, Sumrandee C, Baimai V, Keokenchanh K, Samlane P, Roelants P, Denis L, Verhaeghen K, Obsomer V, Coosemans M, 2008. The insecticide resistance status of malaria vectors in the Mekong region. Malar J 7: 102.
Sun DW, Du JW, Wang GZ, Li YC, He CH, Xue RD, Wang SQ, Hu XM, 2015. A Cost-effectiveness analysis of Plasmodium falciparum malaria elimination in Hainan Province, 2002–2012. Am J Trop Med Hyg 93: 1240–1248.
Cai XZ, 2009. Residual spraying of DDT to be an effectively interventional measure in malaria control. China Trop Med 9: 1957–1960.
Cai XZ, 1993. Anti-malaria in Hainan from 1952–1992. Hainan Med 4: 1–3, 62–63.
Dai YH, Huang XD, Cheng P, Liu LJ, Wang HF, Qang HW, Kou JX, 2015. Development of insecticide resistance in malaria vector Anopheles sinensis populations from Shandong Province in China. Malar J 14: 62.
Ministry of Health Disease Prevention and Control Bureau, 2007: Handbook for Malaria Control and Prevention. Beijing, China: People’s Hygiene Publishing House Press, 63–70.
World Health Organization, 2013: Test Procedures for Insecticide Resistance Monitoring in Malaria Vector Mosquitoes. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
Miller TA, 1988. Mechanisms of resistance to pyrethroid insecticides. Parasitol Today 4: 8–13.
Etang J, Manga L, Chandre F, Guillet P, Fondjo E, Mimpfoundi R, Toto JC, Fontenille D, 2003. Insecticide susceptibility status of Anopheles gambiae s.l. (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Republic of Cameroon. J Med Entomol 40: 491–497.
Etang J, Fondjo E, Chandre F, Eorlais I, Brengues C, Nwane P, Chouaibou M, Ndjemal H, Simard F, 2006. First report of knockdown mutations in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae from Cameroon. Am J Trop Med Hyg 74: 795–797.
Nwane P, Etang J, Chouaibou M, Toto JC, Kerah-Hinzoumbé C, Mimpfoundi R, Awono-Ambene HP, Simard F, 2009. Trends in DDT and pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles gambiae s.s. populations from urban and agro-industrial settings in southern Cameroon. BMC Infect Dis 9: 163.
Abdalla H, Matambo TS, Koekemoer LL, 2008. Insecticide susceptibility and vector status of natural populations of Anopheles arabiensis from Sudan. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 102: 263–271.
Wang DQ, Xia ZG, Zhou SS, Zhou XN, Wang RB, Zhang QF, 2013. A potential threat to malaria elimination: extensive deltamethrin and DDT resistance to Anopheles sinensis from the malaria-endemic areas in China. Malar J 12: 164.
Perera MDB, Hemingway J, Karunaratne SHPP, 2008. Multiple insecticide resistance mechanisms involving metabolic changes and insensitive target sites selected in anopheline vectors of malaria in Sri Lanka. Malar J 7: 168.
Mzilahowa T, Ball AJ, Bass C, Morgan JC, Nyoni B, Steen K, Donnelly MJ, Wilding CS, 2008. Reduced susceptibility to DDT in field populations of Anopheles quadriannulatus and Anopheles arabiensis in Malawi: evidence for larval selection. Med Vet Entomol 22: 258–263.
Diabate A, Baldet T, Chandre F, Akogbeto M, Guiguemde TR, Darriet F, Brengues C, Guillet P, Hemingway J, Small GJ, Hougard JM, 2002. The role of agricultural use of insecticide in resistance to pyrethroids in Anopheles gambiae s.l. in Burkina Faso. Am J Trop Med Hyg 67: 617–622.
Hua XM, Shan ZJ, 1996. The production and application of pesticides and factor analysis of their pollution in environment in China. Adv Environ Sci 4: 33–45.
Hemingway J, Hawkes NJ, McCarroll L, Ranson H, 2004. The molecular basis of insecticide resistance in mosquitoes. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 34: 653–665.
Qin Q, Li J, Zhong D, Zhou N, Chang X, Li C, Cui L, Yan G, Chen X, 2014. Insecticide resistance of Anopheles sinensis and An. vagus in Hainan Island, a malaria-endemic area of China. Parasit Vectors 7: 92.
Zeng LH, Wang SQ, Sun DW, Zhao W, Li SG, Yang X, 2011. Resistance assay of malaria vector to four kinds of common insecticides in some endemic areas of Hainan Province. Chin J Parasitol Parasit Dis 29: 200–203.
Utzinger J, Tozan Y, Singer BH, 2001. Efficacy and cost-effectiveness of environmental management for malaria control. Trop Med Int Health 6: 677–687.
Yang W, Xu GJ, Chen HL, Yan JC, Feng SZ, Liu SP, Xu ZZ, 2003. Investigation of impact of the ecologic environmental and social economic factors on malaria in areas with Anopheles anthropophagus as vector in Sichuan. China Trop Med 3: 86–88.
Ogoma SB, Kannady K, Sikulu M, Chaki PP, Govella NJ, Mukabana WR, Killeen GF, 2009. Window screening, ceilings and closed eaves as sustainable ways to control malaria in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Malar J 8: 221.
Blanford S, Jenkins NE, Christian R, Chan BHK, Nardini L, Osae M, Koekemoer L, Coetzee M, Read AF, Thomas MB, 2012. Storage and persistence of a candidate fungal biopesticide for use against adult malaria vectors. Malar J 11: 354.
Fu MY, Wang Y, Yu SS, Zhong M, Ai GP, Zhao Q, 2014. Killing effect of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis on larvae of Anopheles stephensi. China Trop Med 14: 1031–1034.
Wilke ABB, Marrelli MT, 2015. Paratransgenesis: a promising new strategy for mosquito vector control. Parasit Vectors 8: 342.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 2605 | 2434 | 56 |
Full Text Views | 395 | 7 | 0 |
PDF Downloads | 117 | 9 | 0 |