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Performance of Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Assays for the Detection of 20 Gastrointestinal Parasites in Clinical Samples from Senegal
Doudou Sow
Doudou Sow
Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Dakar, Senegal;
Aix Marseille Université, URMITE, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, IHU - Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France;
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Aix Marseille Université, URMITE, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, IHU - Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France;
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Philippe Parola
Philippe Parola
Aix Marseille Université, URMITE, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, IHU - Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France;
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Khadime Sylla
Khadime Sylla
Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Dakar, Senegal;
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Magatte Ndiaye
Magatte Ndiaye
Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Dakar, Senegal;
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Pascal Delaunay
Pascal Delaunay
Parasitologie-Mycologie, Hôpital de l’Archet, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, France - MIVEGEC, UMR IRD224 -CNRS 5290-Université de Montpellier, Montpellier Cedex 5, France;
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Philippe Halfon
Philippe Halfon
Laboratoire Alphabio Hôpital Européen, Marseille, France
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Sabine Camiade
Sabine Camiade
Laboratoire Alphabio Hôpital Européen, Marseille, France
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Thérèse Dieng
Thérèse Dieng
Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Dakar, Senegal;
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Roger C. K. Tine
Roger C. K. Tine
Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Dakar, Senegal;
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Babacar Faye
Babacar Faye
Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Dakar, Senegal;
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Jean Louis Ndiaye
Jean Louis Ndiaye
Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Dakar, Senegal;
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Yémou Dieng
Yémou Dieng
Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Dakar, Senegal;
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Oumar Gaye
Oumar Gaye
Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Dakar, Senegal;
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Didier Raoult
Didier Raoult
Aix Marseille Université, URMITE, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, IHU - Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France;
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Fadi Bittar
Fadi Bittar
Aix Marseille Université, URMITE, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, IHU - Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France;
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Gastrointestinal parasite infections represent one of the biggest public health problems in the world. Therefore, appropriate innovative tools are needed for assessing interventions to control these infections. This study aims to compare the performance of real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays to microscopic examination for detection of intestinal parasites. A direct microscopic examination and stool concentration was performed on 98 stool samples from patients attending Senegalese hospitals. Negative microscopic control samples were also collected in Nice and Marseille (France). Species-specific primers/probes were used to detect 20 common gastrointestinal protozoans and helminths. Positive frequency and the sensitivity of each real-time PCR assay were compared with conventional microscopic examination. Real-time PCR was positive in 72 of 98 samples (73.5%), whereas microscopic examination was positive in 37 (37.7%) samples (P < 0.001). The real-time PCR assays were more sensitive than microscopy, with 57.4% (31/54) versus 18.5% (10/54), respectively, in the detection of parasites in asymptomatic patients (P < 0.05). In terms of polyparasitism, there were more coinfections detected by real-time PCR assays compared with microscopic methods (25.5% versus 3.06%). In comparison to parasite prevalence on individual samples, the results showed a perfect agreement (100%) between the two techniques for seven species, whereas discrepancies were observed for the others (agreement percentage varying from 64.2% to 98.9%). Real-time PCR appeared to be superior to microscopic examination for the detection of parasites in stool samples. This assay will be useful in diagnostic laboratories and in the field for evaluating the efficacy of mass drug administration programs.
Author Notes
Financial support: This study was supported by the AMIDEX project (n° ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02) funded by the “Investissements d’Avenir” French Government program, managed by the French National Research Agency (ANR).
Authors’ addresses: Doudou Sow, Khadime Sylla, Magatte Ndiaye, Thérèse Dieng, Roger C. K. Tine, Babacar Faye, Jean Louis Ndiaye, Yémou Dieng, and Oumar Gaye, Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Dakar, Senegal, E-mails: doudsow@yahoo.fr, khadimesylla@yahoo.fr, magou22000@yahoo.fr, thdieng@refer.sn, roger.tine@ucad.edu.sn, bfaye67@yahoo.fr, jlndiaye@yahoo.com, yemoud1@yahoo.fr, and ogaye@refer.sn. Philippe Parola, Didier Raoult, and Fadi Bittar, Aix Marseille Université, URMITE, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, Inserm 1095, Marseille, France, E-mails: philippe.parola@univ-amu.fr, didier.raoult@gmail.com, and fadi.bittar@univ-amu.fr. Pascal Delaunay, Parasitologie–Mycologie, Hôpital de l’Archet, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice et Inserm U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France, E-mail: delaunay.p@chu-nice.fr. Philippe Halfon and Sabine Camiade, Laboratoire Alphabio Hôpital Européen, Marseille, France, E-mails: philippe.halfon@alphabio.fr and s.camiade@alphabio.fr.
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1.
World Health Organization, 2012. Accelerating Work to Overcome the Global Impact of Neglected Tropical Diseases: A Roadmap for Implementation. Available at: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/70809/1/WHO_HTM_NTD_2012.1_eng.pdf. Accessed July 24, 2015.
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