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1.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016. All Countries and Territories with Active Zika Virus Transmission. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/zika/geo/active-countries.html. Accessed December 15, 2016.
-
2.
World Health Organization, 2016. WHO Statement on the First Meeting of the International Health Regulations (2005) Emergency Committee on Zika Virus and Observed Increase in Neurological Disorders and Neonatal Malformations. Available at: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/statements/2016/emergency-committee-zika-microcephaly/en. Accessed January 24, 2017.
-
3.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016. CDC Concludes Zika Causes Microcephaly and Other Birth Defects. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2016/s0413-zika-microcephaly.html. Accessed January 24, 2017.
-
4.
Walker WL, Lindsey NP, Lehman JA, Krow-Lucal ER, Rabe RB, Hills SL, Martin SW, Fischer M, Staples EJ, 2016. Zika virus disease cases: 50 states and the District of Columbia, January 1–July 31, 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 65: 983–986.
-
5.
Brooks JT, Friedman A, Kachur RE, LaFlam M, Peters PJ, Jamieson DJ, 2016. Update: interim guidance for prevention of sexual transmission of Zika virus—United States. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 65: 745–747.
-
6.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016. Zika Virus Case Counts in the US. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/zika/geo/united-states.html. Accessed December 15, 2016.
-
7.
NORC at the University of Chicago, 2016. New Survey on American Attitudes toward Zika Virus Finds Limited Awareness or Concern: Wide Awareness of the Virus But Lack of Knowledge about the Availability or Unavailability of Treatments and Vaccines and Options to Test for the Virus. Available at: www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/04/160407150744.htm. Accessed December 15, 2016.
-
8.
University of Florida, 2016. Zika Doesn’t Deter Americans from Traveling Abroad, Study Shows. Available at: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/02/160216140359.htm. Accessed December 15, 2016.
-
9.
Glowacki EM, Lazard AJ, Wilcox GB, Mackert M, Bernhardt JM, 2016. Identifying the public’s concerns and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s reactions during a health crisis: an analysis of a Zika live Twitter chat. Am J Infect Control 44: 1709–1711.
-
10.
Harvard TH; Chan School of Public Health, 2016. Many Families with Pregnant Women Don't Know Key Facts about Zika: Four in 10 among General Public Mistakenly Believe Zika Virus Infection in Women Likely to Harm Future Pregnancies. Available at: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/03/160329184946.htm. Accessed December 15, 2016.
-
11.
Whittemore K, Tate A, Illescas A, Saffa A, Collins A, Varma JK, Vora NM, 2017. Zika virus knowledge among pregnant women who were in areas with active transmission. Emerg Infect Dis 23: 164–166.
-
12.
World Health Organization, 2016. Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice Surveys Zika virus disease and potential complications Resource Pack. Available at: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/204689/1/WHO_ZIKV_RCCE_16.2_eng.pdf. Accessed December 15, 2016.
-
13.
National Center for Health Statistics, 2013. Survey Description. Hyattsville, MD: National Health Interview Survey, 2014.
-
14.
First Nations Centre National Aboriginal Health Organization, 2016. The First Nations’ Knowledge of and Protection from the West Nile Virus. Available at: http://fnigc.ca/sites/default/files/ENpdf/WNV/west_nile_virus_2004.pdf. Accessed December 15, 2016.
-
15.
Ipsos Public Affairs, 2016. Ipsos/Reuters Poll Data. Ipsos Poll Conducted for Reuters. Zika Virus Topline 2.05.2016. Available at: http://www.ipsos-na.com/download/pr.aspx?id=15286. Accessed December 15, 2016.
-
16.
Bedrosian SR, Young C, Smith LA, Cox JD, Manning C, Pechta L, Telfer JL, Gaines-McCollom M, Harben K, Holmes W, Lubell KM, McQuiston JH, Nordlund K, O’Connor J, Reynolds BS, Schindelar JA, Shelley G, Daniel KL, 2016. Lessons of risk communication and health promotion: west Africa and United States. MMWR Suppl 65: 68–74.
-
17.
Baker D, Teklehaimanot S, Hassan R, Guze C, 2004. A look at a Hispanic and African American population in an urban prenatal diagnostic center: referral reasons, amniocentesis acceptance, and abnormalities detected. Genet Med 6: 211–218.
-
18.
Aiken AR, Scott JG, Gomperts R, Trussell J, Worrell M, Aiken CE, 2016. Requests for abortion in Latin America related to concern about Zika virus exposure. N Engl J Med 375: 396–398.
-
19.
Texas Health and Human Services, 2016. Texas Medicaid Brings Back Mosquito Repellent Benefit. Available at: https://hhs.texas.gov/about-hhs/communications-events/news-releases/2016/11/texas-medicaid-brings-back-mosquito-repellent-benefit. Accessed December 15, 2016.
-
20.
US Environmental Protection Agency, 2016. DEET. Available at: https://www.epa.gov/insect-repellents/deet. Accessed December 15, 2016.
-
21.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016. Zika Virus: Pregnancy. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/zika/pregnancy/. Accessed December 15, 2016.
-
22.
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, 2016. Practice Advisory on Zika Virus. Available at: https://www.acog.org/About-ACOG/News-Room/Practice-Advisories/Practice-Advisory-Interim-Guidance-for-Care-of-Obstetric-Patients-During-a-Zika-Virus-Outbreak. Accessed December 15, 2016.
-
23.
US Environmental Protection Agency, 2007. Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) for Permethrin. Available at: https://archive.epa.gov/pesticides/reregistration/web/pdf/permethrin_amended_red.pdf. e.epa.gov/pesticides/reregistration/web/pdf/permethrin_amended_red.pdf. Accessed December 15, 2016.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 2140 | 1909 | 57 |
| Full Text Views | 460 | 14 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 170 | 16 | 0 |
Knowledge and Prevention Practices among U.S. Pregnant Immigrants from Zika Virus Outbreak Areas
Abbey B. Berenson
Abbey B. Berenson
Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Women’s Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas;
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas;
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Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas;
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Ha N. Trinh
Ha N. Trinh
Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Women’s Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas;
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas;
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Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas;
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Jacqueline M. Hirth
Jacqueline M. Hirth
Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Women’s Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas;
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas;
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Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas;
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Fangjian Guo
Fangjian Guo
Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Women’s Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas;
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas;
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Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas;
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Erika L. Fuchs
Erika L. Fuchs
Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Women’s Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas;
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas;
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Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas;
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Scott C. Weaver
Scott C. Weaver
Department of Pathology, Institute of Human Infections and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas;
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
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Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
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We administered an anonymous survey to assess knowledge, attitudes, and prevention practices related to the Zika virus among pregnant women residing in Texas. Multivariate logistic regression models controlling for age, race/ethnicity, education, and number of years in the United States assessed differences between women born in outbreak areas (N = 390) versus those born in the United States (N = 249). Results demonstrated that most women wanted more information on the Zika virus and desired to obtain it from their physician. The majority did not know that the Zika virus could be spread through sex with an asymptomatic partner or how often those infected were symptomatic. Few women took precautions to avoid mosquito bites. Only 40% reported frequently using repellent; 21% stated that cost was problematic and almost half were concerned about use during pregnancy. Three-fourths stated they would agree to vaccination, if available. Compared with U.S.-born women, those born in outbreak areas were more likely to have already discussed the Zika virus with their doctor (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.86, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.27, 2.71) and identify microcephaly as the most common birth defect (aOR = 2.59, 95% CI = 1.78, 3.76). Moreover, women born in outbreak areas were less likely to desire to keep it a secret if they became infected (aOR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.31, 0.71). This study found that, regardless of birthplace, pregnant women need more education on the Zika virus disease and assurance regarding the safety of using repellent during pregnancy. They also need financial assistance for repellent, especially if living in states where transmission by mosquitos has been reported.
Author Notes
Financial support: Fuchs and Guo are supported by an institutional research career development award (K12HD052023: Building Interdisciplinary Research Careers in Women’s Health Program-BIRCWH; Berenson, PI) from the Office of Research on Women’s Health (ORWH) and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Dr. Fuchs also worked on the project as a postdoctoral fellow supported by an institutional training grant (National Research Service Award T32HD055163, Berenson, PI) from NIH/NICHD. Trinh is a current postdoctoral fellow supported by T32HD055163.The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH.
Authors’ addresses: Abbey B. Berenson, Ha N. Trinh, Jacqueline M. Hirth, Erika L. Fuchs, and Fangjian Guo, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Women’s Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, E-mails: abberens@utmb.edu, hntrinh@utmb.edu, jmhirth@utmb.edu, elfuchs@utmb.edu, and faguo@utmb.edu. Scott C. Weaver, Department of Pathology, Institute of Human Infections and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, E-mail: sweaver@utmb.edu.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016. All Countries and Territories with Active Zika Virus Transmission. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/zika/geo/active-countries.html. Accessed December 15, 2016.
-
2.
World Health Organization, 2016. WHO Statement on the First Meeting of the International Health Regulations (2005) Emergency Committee on Zika Virus and Observed Increase in Neurological Disorders and Neonatal Malformations. Available at: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/statements/2016/emergency-committee-zika-microcephaly/en. Accessed January 24, 2017.
-
3.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016. CDC Concludes Zika Causes Microcephaly and Other Birth Defects. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2016/s0413-zika-microcephaly.html. Accessed January 24, 2017.
-
4.
Walker WL, Lindsey NP, Lehman JA, Krow-Lucal ER, Rabe RB, Hills SL, Martin SW, Fischer M, Staples EJ, 2016. Zika virus disease cases: 50 states and the District of Columbia, January 1–July 31, 2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 65: 983–986.
-
5.
Brooks JT, Friedman A, Kachur RE, LaFlam M, Peters PJ, Jamieson DJ, 2016. Update: interim guidance for prevention of sexual transmission of Zika virus—United States. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 65: 745–747.
-
6.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016. Zika Virus Case Counts in the US. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/zika/geo/united-states.html. Accessed December 15, 2016.
-
7.
NORC at the University of Chicago, 2016. New Survey on American Attitudes toward Zika Virus Finds Limited Awareness or Concern: Wide Awareness of the Virus But Lack of Knowledge about the Availability or Unavailability of Treatments and Vaccines and Options to Test for the Virus. Available at: www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/04/160407150744.htm. Accessed December 15, 2016.
-
8.
University of Florida, 2016. Zika Doesn’t Deter Americans from Traveling Abroad, Study Shows. Available at: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/02/160216140359.htm. Accessed December 15, 2016.
-
9.
Glowacki EM, Lazard AJ, Wilcox GB, Mackert M, Bernhardt JM, 2016. Identifying the public’s concerns and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s reactions during a health crisis: an analysis of a Zika live Twitter chat. Am J Infect Control 44: 1709–1711.
-
10.
Harvard TH; Chan School of Public Health, 2016. Many Families with Pregnant Women Don't Know Key Facts about Zika: Four in 10 among General Public Mistakenly Believe Zika Virus Infection in Women Likely to Harm Future Pregnancies. Available at: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/03/160329184946.htm. Accessed December 15, 2016.
-
11.
Whittemore K, Tate A, Illescas A, Saffa A, Collins A, Varma JK, Vora NM, 2017. Zika virus knowledge among pregnant women who were in areas with active transmission. Emerg Infect Dis 23: 164–166.
-
12.
World Health Organization, 2016. Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice Surveys Zika virus disease and potential complications Resource Pack. Available at: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/204689/1/WHO_ZIKV_RCCE_16.2_eng.pdf. Accessed December 15, 2016.
-
13.
National Center for Health Statistics, 2013. Survey Description. Hyattsville, MD: National Health Interview Survey, 2014.
-
14.
First Nations Centre National Aboriginal Health Organization, 2016. The First Nations’ Knowledge of and Protection from the West Nile Virus. Available at: http://fnigc.ca/sites/default/files/ENpdf/WNV/west_nile_virus_2004.pdf. Accessed December 15, 2016.
-
15.
Ipsos Public Affairs, 2016. Ipsos/Reuters Poll Data. Ipsos Poll Conducted for Reuters. Zika Virus Topline 2.05.2016. Available at: http://www.ipsos-na.com/download/pr.aspx?id=15286. Accessed December 15, 2016.
-
16.
Bedrosian SR, Young C, Smith LA, Cox JD, Manning C, Pechta L, Telfer JL, Gaines-McCollom M, Harben K, Holmes W, Lubell KM, McQuiston JH, Nordlund K, O’Connor J, Reynolds BS, Schindelar JA, Shelley G, Daniel KL, 2016. Lessons of risk communication and health promotion: west Africa and United States. MMWR Suppl 65: 68–74.
-
17.
Baker D, Teklehaimanot S, Hassan R, Guze C, 2004. A look at a Hispanic and African American population in an urban prenatal diagnostic center: referral reasons, amniocentesis acceptance, and abnormalities detected. Genet Med 6: 211–218.
-
18.
Aiken AR, Scott JG, Gomperts R, Trussell J, Worrell M, Aiken CE, 2016. Requests for abortion in Latin America related to concern about Zika virus exposure. N Engl J Med 375: 396–398.
-
19.
Texas Health and Human Services, 2016. Texas Medicaid Brings Back Mosquito Repellent Benefit. Available at: https://hhs.texas.gov/about-hhs/communications-events/news-releases/2016/11/texas-medicaid-brings-back-mosquito-repellent-benefit. Accessed December 15, 2016.
-
20.
US Environmental Protection Agency, 2016. DEET. Available at: https://www.epa.gov/insect-repellents/deet. Accessed December 15, 2016.
-
21.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016. Zika Virus: Pregnancy. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/zika/pregnancy/. Accessed December 15, 2016.
-
22.
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, 2016. Practice Advisory on Zika Virus. Available at: https://www.acog.org/About-ACOG/News-Room/Practice-Advisories/Practice-Advisory-Interim-Guidance-for-Care-of-Obstetric-Patients-During-a-Zika-Virus-Outbreak. Accessed December 15, 2016.
-
23.
US Environmental Protection Agency, 2007. Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) for Permethrin. Available at: https://archive.epa.gov/pesticides/reregistration/web/pdf/permethrin_amended_red.pdf. e.epa.gov/pesticides/reregistration/web/pdf/permethrin_amended_red.pdf. Accessed December 15, 2016.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 2140 | 1909 | 57 |
| Full Text Views | 460 | 14 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 170 | 16 | 0 |