Xu B, Liu L, Huang X, Ma H, Zhang Y, Du Y, Wang P, Tang X, Wang H, Kang K, Zhang S, Zhao G, Wu W, Yang Y, Chen H, Mu F, Chen W, 2011. Metagenomic analysis of fever, thrombocytopenia and leukopenia syndrome (FTLS) in Henan Province, China: discovery of a new bunyavirus. PLoS Pathog 7: e1002369.
Yu XJ, Liang MF, Zhang SY, Liu Y, Li JD, Sun YL, Zhang LH, Zhang QF, Popov VL, Li C, Qu J, Li Q, Zhang Y, Hai R, Wu W, Wang Q, Zhan F, Wang X, Kan B, Wang S, Wan K, Jing H, Lu J, Yin W, Zhou H, Guan X, Liu J, Bi Z, Liu G, Ren J, Wang H, Zhao Z, Song JD, He JR, Wan T, Zhang JS, Fu XP, Sun LN, Dong XP, Feng ZJ, Yang WZ, Hong T, Zhang Y, Walker DH, Wang Y, Li DX, 2011. Fever with thrombocytopenia associated with a novel bunyavirus in China. N Engl J Med 364: 1523–1532.
Wang S, Li J, Niu G, Wang X, Ding S, Jiang X, Li C, Zhang Q, Liang M, Bi Z, Li D, 2015. SFTS virus in ticks in an endemic area of China. Am J Trop Med Hyg 92: 684–689.
Bao C, Guo X, Qi X, Hu J, Zhou M, Varma JK, Cui L, Yang H, Jiao Y, Klena JD, Li LX, Tao WY, Li X, Chen Y, Zhu Z, Xu K, Shen AH, Wu T, Peng HY, Li ZF, Shan J, Shi ZY, Wang H, 2011. A family cluster of infections by a newly recognized Bunyavirus in eastern China, 2007: further evidence of person-to-person transmission. Clin Infect Dis 53: 1208–1214.
Niu G, Li J, Liang M, Jiang X, Jiang M, Yin H, Wang Z, Li C, Zhang Q, Jin C, Wang X, Ding S, Xing Z, Wang S, Bi Z, Li D, 2013. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus among domesticated animals, China. Emerg Infect Dis 19: 185–189.
Liu Q, He B, Huang S, Wei F, Zhu X, 2014. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, an emerging tick-borne zoonosis. Lancet Infect Dis 14: 763–772.
Hu C, Guo C, Yang Z, Wang L, Hu J, Qin S, Cui N, Peng W, Liu K, Liu W, Cao W, 2015. The severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus (SFTSV) antibody in a highly endemic region from 2011 to 2013: a comparative serological study. Am J Trop Med Hyg 92: 479–481.
Zhang Y, Zou Y, Fu Z, Plyusnin A, 2010. Hantavirus infections in humans and animals, China. Emerg Infect Dis 16: 1195–1203.
Takahashi T, Maeda K, Suzuki T, Ishido A, Shigeoka T, Tominaga T, Kamei T, Honda M, Ninomiya D, Sakai T, Senba T, Kaneyuki S, Sakaguchi S, Satoh A, Hosokawa T, Kawabe Y, Kurihara S, Izumikawa K, Kohno S, Azuma T, Suemori K, Yasukawa M, Mizutani T, Omatsu T, Katayama Y, Miyahara M, Ijuin M, Doi K, Okuda M, Umeki K, Saito T, Fukushima K, Nakajima K, Yoshikawa T, Tani H, Fukushi S, Fukuma A, Ogata M, Shimojima M, Nakajima N, Nagata N, Katano H, Fukumoto H, Sato Y, Hasegawa H, Yamagishi T, Oishi K, Kurane I, Morikawa S, Saijo M, 2014. The first identification and retrospective study of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Japan. J Infect Dis 209: 816–827.
Kim KH, Yi J, Kim G, Choi SJ, Jun KI, Kim NH, Choe PG, Kim NJ, Lee JK, Oh MD, 2013. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, South Korea, 2012. Emerg Infect Dis 19: 1892–1894.
Wei J, Li S, Dong J, Tian H, Chowell G, Tian H, Lv W, Han Z, Xu B, Yu P, 2015. The first human infection with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in Shaanxi Province, China. Int J Infect Dis 35: 37–39.
Sun Y, Liang M, Qu J, Jin C, Zhang Q, Li J, Jiang X, Wang Q, Lu J, Gu W, Zhang S, Li C, Wang X, Zhan F, Yao W, Bi Z, Wang S, Li D, 2012. Early diagnosis of novel SFTS bunyavirus infection by quantitative real-time RT-PCR assay. J Clin Virol 53: 48–53.
Yun SM, Lee WG, Ryou J, Yang SC, Park SW, Roh JY, Lee YJ, Park C, Han MG, 2014. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in ticks collected from humans, South Korea, 2013. Emerg Infect Dis 20: 1358–1361.
Meng K, Sun W, Cheng Z, Guo H, Liu J, Chai T, 2015. First detection of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in the tick species Haemaphysalis concinna in Shandong Province, China. Parasitol Res 114: 4703–4707.
Depaquit J, Grandadam M, Fouque F, Andry P, Peyrefitte C, 2010. Arthropod-borne viruses transmitted by phlebotomine sandflies in Europe: a review. Euro Surveill 15: 19507.
Cui F, Cao HX, Wang L, Zhang SF, Ding SJ, Yu XJ, Yu H, 2013. Clinical and epidemiological study on severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Yiyuan County, Shandong Province, China. Am J Trop Med Hyg 88: 510–512.
Zhao L, Zhai S, Wen H, Cui F, Chi Y, Wang L, Xue F, Wang Q, Wang Z, Zhang S, Song Y, Du J, Yu X, 2012. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus, Shandong Province, China. Emerg Infect Dis 18: 963–965.
Zhang WS, Zeng XY, Zhou MH, Jiao YJ, Wen T, Guo XL, Shi ZY, 2011. Seroepidemiology of severe fever with thrombocytopeia syndrome bunyavirus in Jiansu Province [in Chinese]. Dis Surveill 26: 676–678.
Liu L, Guan X, Xing X, Shen X, Xu J, Yue J, Huo X, Sha S, Wu H, Huang J, 2012. Epidemiologic analysis on severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Hubei province, 2010 [in Chinese]. Chin J Endemiology 33: 168–172.
Liang S, Bao C, Zhou M, Hu J, Tang F, Guo X, Jiao Y, Zhang W, Luo P, Li L, Zhu K, Tan W, Lu Q, Ge H, Chen A, 2014. Seroprevalence and risk factors for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection in Jiangsu Province, China, 2011. Am J Trop Med Hyg 90: 256–259.
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The first human infection with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) was detected in Shaanxi Province, China, in 2013, although the virus had been reported in 13 other provinces of China since 2010. We collected and analyzed a total of 4,011 samples, including 936 human serum samples, 155 animal serum samples, 895 ticks, 1,950 mosquitoes, 30 midges, and 20 sandflies. SFTSV antibodies were found in 44 human samples (4.7%) with no significant differences between males and females or across counties. The incidence rate of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome was significantly higher among individuals 20–60 years of age. Moreover, SFTSV-specific antibodies were detected in goats (66.7%), cattle (13.2%), and dogs (15.0%), but not in pigs (0%). We detected the virus in Haemaphysalis concinna ticks with a prevalence rate of 21.3% (17/80 pools). All mosquito, midge, and sandfly samples were negative for SFTSV. These results support wide circulation of the virus in western China. Haemaphysalis concinna ticks may serve as a novel SFTSV vector, and the role of these ticks requires further investigation.
Financial support: This research was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFA0600104), Health industry research special funds for public welfare projects (201502020), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant nos. 81673234), the Shaanxi Provincial department of Science and Technology (grant nos. 2014A7 and 2013K12-04-02), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2015NT06).
Authors' addresses: Huaiyu Tian, Jing Yang, Shanqian Huang, and Bing Xu, State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China, E-mails: tianhuaiyu@gmail.com, judyssister@163.com, huangshanqian@gmail.com, and bingxu@tsinghua.edu.cn. Pengbo Yu, Shen Li, Jing Wei, Wen Lv, and Jingjun Wang, Shaanxi Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, China, E-mails: sxcdcy@21cn.com, lishen12345@163.com, weijingnwu@gmail.com, lvwen2008@gmail.com, and jingjunwang@china.com. Gerardo Chowell, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, and Division of International Epidemiology and Population Studies, Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, E-mail: gchowell@gsu.edu. Hui Tian, Baoji Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Baoji, China, E-mail: bjcdcth@sina.com. Zongqi Han, Long County Centre for Disease Control and Prevention of Shaanxi Province, Baoji, China, E-mail: lxcdchzq882@163.com. Sen Zhou and John S. Brownstein, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, E-mails: zhousenapril@gmail.com and john.brownstein@childrens.harvard.edu.
Xu B, Liu L, Huang X, Ma H, Zhang Y, Du Y, Wang P, Tang X, Wang H, Kang K, Zhang S, Zhao G, Wu W, Yang Y, Chen H, Mu F, Chen W, 2011. Metagenomic analysis of fever, thrombocytopenia and leukopenia syndrome (FTLS) in Henan Province, China: discovery of a new bunyavirus. PLoS Pathog 7: e1002369.
Yu XJ, Liang MF, Zhang SY, Liu Y, Li JD, Sun YL, Zhang LH, Zhang QF, Popov VL, Li C, Qu J, Li Q, Zhang Y, Hai R, Wu W, Wang Q, Zhan F, Wang X, Kan B, Wang S, Wan K, Jing H, Lu J, Yin W, Zhou H, Guan X, Liu J, Bi Z, Liu G, Ren J, Wang H, Zhao Z, Song JD, He JR, Wan T, Zhang JS, Fu XP, Sun LN, Dong XP, Feng ZJ, Yang WZ, Hong T, Zhang Y, Walker DH, Wang Y, Li DX, 2011. Fever with thrombocytopenia associated with a novel bunyavirus in China. N Engl J Med 364: 1523–1532.
Wang S, Li J, Niu G, Wang X, Ding S, Jiang X, Li C, Zhang Q, Liang M, Bi Z, Li D, 2015. SFTS virus in ticks in an endemic area of China. Am J Trop Med Hyg 92: 684–689.
Bao C, Guo X, Qi X, Hu J, Zhou M, Varma JK, Cui L, Yang H, Jiao Y, Klena JD, Li LX, Tao WY, Li X, Chen Y, Zhu Z, Xu K, Shen AH, Wu T, Peng HY, Li ZF, Shan J, Shi ZY, Wang H, 2011. A family cluster of infections by a newly recognized Bunyavirus in eastern China, 2007: further evidence of person-to-person transmission. Clin Infect Dis 53: 1208–1214.
Niu G, Li J, Liang M, Jiang X, Jiang M, Yin H, Wang Z, Li C, Zhang Q, Jin C, Wang X, Ding S, Xing Z, Wang S, Bi Z, Li D, 2013. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus among domesticated animals, China. Emerg Infect Dis 19: 185–189.
Liu Q, He B, Huang S, Wei F, Zhu X, 2014. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, an emerging tick-borne zoonosis. Lancet Infect Dis 14: 763–772.
Hu C, Guo C, Yang Z, Wang L, Hu J, Qin S, Cui N, Peng W, Liu K, Liu W, Cao W, 2015. The severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus (SFTSV) antibody in a highly endemic region from 2011 to 2013: a comparative serological study. Am J Trop Med Hyg 92: 479–481.
Zhang Y, Zou Y, Fu Z, Plyusnin A, 2010. Hantavirus infections in humans and animals, China. Emerg Infect Dis 16: 1195–1203.
Takahashi T, Maeda K, Suzuki T, Ishido A, Shigeoka T, Tominaga T, Kamei T, Honda M, Ninomiya D, Sakai T, Senba T, Kaneyuki S, Sakaguchi S, Satoh A, Hosokawa T, Kawabe Y, Kurihara S, Izumikawa K, Kohno S, Azuma T, Suemori K, Yasukawa M, Mizutani T, Omatsu T, Katayama Y, Miyahara M, Ijuin M, Doi K, Okuda M, Umeki K, Saito T, Fukushima K, Nakajima K, Yoshikawa T, Tani H, Fukushi S, Fukuma A, Ogata M, Shimojima M, Nakajima N, Nagata N, Katano H, Fukumoto H, Sato Y, Hasegawa H, Yamagishi T, Oishi K, Kurane I, Morikawa S, Saijo M, 2014. The first identification and retrospective study of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Japan. J Infect Dis 209: 816–827.
Kim KH, Yi J, Kim G, Choi SJ, Jun KI, Kim NH, Choe PG, Kim NJ, Lee JK, Oh MD, 2013. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, South Korea, 2012. Emerg Infect Dis 19: 1892–1894.
Wei J, Li S, Dong J, Tian H, Chowell G, Tian H, Lv W, Han Z, Xu B, Yu P, 2015. The first human infection with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in Shaanxi Province, China. Int J Infect Dis 35: 37–39.
Sun Y, Liang M, Qu J, Jin C, Zhang Q, Li J, Jiang X, Wang Q, Lu J, Gu W, Zhang S, Li C, Wang X, Zhan F, Yao W, Bi Z, Wang S, Li D, 2012. Early diagnosis of novel SFTS bunyavirus infection by quantitative real-time RT-PCR assay. J Clin Virol 53: 48–53.
Yun SM, Lee WG, Ryou J, Yang SC, Park SW, Roh JY, Lee YJ, Park C, Han MG, 2014. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in ticks collected from humans, South Korea, 2013. Emerg Infect Dis 20: 1358–1361.
Meng K, Sun W, Cheng Z, Guo H, Liu J, Chai T, 2015. First detection of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in the tick species Haemaphysalis concinna in Shandong Province, China. Parasitol Res 114: 4703–4707.
Depaquit J, Grandadam M, Fouque F, Andry P, Peyrefitte C, 2010. Arthropod-borne viruses transmitted by phlebotomine sandflies in Europe: a review. Euro Surveill 15: 19507.
Cui F, Cao HX, Wang L, Zhang SF, Ding SJ, Yu XJ, Yu H, 2013. Clinical and epidemiological study on severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Yiyuan County, Shandong Province, China. Am J Trop Med Hyg 88: 510–512.
Zhao L, Zhai S, Wen H, Cui F, Chi Y, Wang L, Xue F, Wang Q, Wang Z, Zhang S, Song Y, Du J, Yu X, 2012. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus, Shandong Province, China. Emerg Infect Dis 18: 963–965.
Zhang WS, Zeng XY, Zhou MH, Jiao YJ, Wen T, Guo XL, Shi ZY, 2011. Seroepidemiology of severe fever with thrombocytopeia syndrome bunyavirus in Jiansu Province [in Chinese]. Dis Surveill 26: 676–678.
Liu L, Guan X, Xing X, Shen X, Xu J, Yue J, Huo X, Sha S, Wu H, Huang J, 2012. Epidemiologic analysis on severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Hubei province, 2010 [in Chinese]. Chin J Endemiology 33: 168–172.
Liang S, Bao C, Zhou M, Hu J, Tang F, Guo X, Jiao Y, Zhang W, Luo P, Li L, Zhu K, Tan W, Lu Q, Ge H, Chen A, 2014. Seroprevalence and risk factors for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection in Jiangsu Province, China, 2011. Am J Trop Med Hyg 90: 256–259.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 2892 | 2524 | 103 |
Full Text Views | 697 | 20 | 3 |
PDF Downloads | 280 | 24 | 4 |