Severe Pleuropulmonary Paragonimiasis Caused by Paragonimus mexicanus Treated as Tuberculosis in Ecuador

Manuel Calvopina Unidad de Parasitología Molecular y Medicina Tropical, Carrera de Medicina, Universidad De Las Américas (UDLA), Quito, Ecuador.

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Daniel Romero-Alvarez Unidad de Parasitología Molecular y Medicina Tropical, Carrera de Medicina, Universidad De Las Américas (UDLA), Quito, Ecuador.

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Rubén Macias Hospital Carlos Andrade Marín, Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social, Quito, Ecuador.

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Hiromu Sugiyama Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.

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A 30-year-old male, from a subtropical region of Ecuador, was hospitalized with a 5-year history of persistent cough with rusty brown sputum, chest pain, and progressive dyspnea. The patient underwent thoracic surgery 3 years ago for pleural effusion and subsequently received a 9-month regimen treatment of tuberculosis. However, there was no clinical resolution and symptoms became progressively worse. A chest radiograph and computerized tomography scan showed several small nodules in both lungs. Eggs of Paragonimus spp. were observed in sputum smears, but the smears were negative for acid-fast bacilli. Molecular characterization of eggs by the internal transcribed spacer-2 regions identified them as Paragonimus mexicanus. The patient was treated with praziquantel and tested negative parasitologically for 12 months. There was clinical resolution of the cough and expectoration, but dyspnea and chest pain persisted.

Author Notes

* Address correspondence to Manuel Calvopina, Unidad de Parasitología Molecular y Medicina Tropical, Carrera de Medicina, Universidad De Las Américas (UDLA), Jose Queri y Avenida Eloy Alfaro, Quito 170137, Ecuador. E-mails: manuelcalvopina@gmail.com or manuel.calvopina@udla.edu.ec

Financial support: This study was supported in part by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, JSPS (KAKENHI: Grant No. 25305011) and by grants for Research on Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases (H26-Shinko-ippan-009) from the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japan.

Authors' addresses: Manuel Calvopina and Daniel Romero, Unidad de Parasitología Molecular y Medicina Tropical, Carrera de Medicina, Universidad De Las Américas (UDLA), Quito, Ecuador, E-mails: manuelcalvopina@gmail.com and vacdaro@hotmail.com. Ruben Macias, Hospital Carlos Andrade Marín, Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social (IESS), Quito, Ecuador, E-mail: rubenmaciasj@hotmail.com. Hiromu Sugiyama, Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan, E-mail: hsugi@nih.go.jp.

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