Development of Two FhSAP2 Recombinant–Based Assays for Immunodiagnosis of Human Chronic Fascioliasis

Sun Hee Shin Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.

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Angel Hsu Emory College, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.

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Holly M. Chastain Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.

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Lorna A. Cruz Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Parasitology, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico.

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Eric S. Elder Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.

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Sarah G. H. Sapp University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.

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Isabel McAuliffe Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.

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Ana M. Espino Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Parasitology, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico.

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Sukwan Handali Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.

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In the United States, infection with Fasciola hepatica has been identified as an emerging disease, primarily in immigrants, refugees, and travelers. The laboratory test of choice for diagnosis of fascioliasis is detection of disease specific antibodies, most commonly uses excretory-secretory antigens for detection of IgG antibodies. Recently, recombinant proteins such as F. hepatica antigen (FhSAP2) have been used to detect IgG antibodies. The glutathione S-transferase (GST)–FhSAP2 recombinant antigen was used to develop Western blot (WB) and fluorescent bead-based (Luminex) assays to detect F. hepatica total IgG and IgG4 antibodies. The sensitivity and specificity of GST-FhSAP2 total IgG and IgG4 WB were similar at 94% and 98%, respectively. For the IgG Luminex assay, the sensitivity and specificity were 94% and 97%, and for the IgG4, the values were 100% and 99%, respectively. In conclusion, the GST-FhSAP2 antigen performs well in several assay formats and can be used for clinical diagnosis.

Author Notes

* Address correspondence to Sukwan Handali, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Roybal Campus, 1600 Clifton Road, NE, Atlanta, GA 30329. E-mail: ahi0@cdc.gov

Authors' addresses: Sun Hee Shin, Holly M. Chastain, Eric S. Elder, Isabel McAuliffe, and Sukwan Handali, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, E-mails: sunnyshin301@gmail.com, wog0@cdc.gov, ivy3@cdc.gov, ibm4@cdc.gov, and ahi0@cdc.gov. Angel Hsu, Emory College, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, E-mail: angel.hsu@emory.edu. Lorna A. Cruz and Ana M. Espino, Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Parasitology, Department of Microbiology, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico, E-mails: lorna.cruz@upr.edu and ana.espino1@upr.edu. Sarah G. H. Sapp, Department of Population Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, E-mail: sgsapp@uga.edu.

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