Author:
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Mackenzie JS, Lindsay MD, Coelen RJ, Broom AK, Hall RA, Smith DW, 1994. Arboviruses causing human disease in the Australasian zoogeographic region. Arch Virol 136: 447–467.
-
2.
Smith DW, Speers DJ, Mackenzie JS, 2011. The viruses of Australia and the risk to tourists. Travel Med Infect Dis 9: 113–125.
-
3.
Wright P, Fitzsimmons GJ, Johansen CA, Whelan PI, National Arbovirus and Malaria Advisory Committee, 2012. Arboviral diseases and malaria in Australia, 2009–10: annual report of the National Arbovirus and Malaria Advisory Committee. Commun Dis Intell Q Rep 36: 70–81.
-
4.
Spencer JD, Azoulas J, Broom AK, Buick TD, Currie B, Daniels PW, Doggett SL, Hapgood GD, Jarrett PJ, Lindsay MD, Lloyd G, Mackenzie JS, Merianos A, Moran RJ, Ritchie SA, Russell RC, Smith DW, Stenhouse FO, Whelan PI, 2001. Murray Valley encephalitis virus surveillance and control initiatives in Australia: a report on behalf of National Arbovirus Advisory Committee of the Communicable Diseases Network Australia. Commun Dis Intell Q Rep 25: 33–47.
-
5.
Broom AK, Whelan PL, 2005. Sentinel chicken surveillance programme in Australia, July 2003 to June 2004. Commun Dis Intell Q Rep 29: 65–70.
-
6.
Inglis TJ, Levy A, Merritt AJ, Hodge M, McDonald R, Woods DE, 2009. Melioidosis risk in a tropical industrial environment. Am J Trop Med Hyg 80: 78–84.
-
7.
Inglis TJ, Merritt A, Montgomery J, Jayasinghe I, Thevanesam V, McInnes R, 2008. Deployable laboratory response to emergence of melioidosis in central Sri Lanka. J Clin Microbiol 46: 3479–3481.
-
8.
Inglis TJJ, 2013. The lab without walls: a deployable approach to tropical infectious diseases. Am J Trop Med Hyg 88: 614–618.
-
9.
Inglis TJ, Merritt AJ, Levy A, Vietheer P, Bradbury R, Scholler A, Chidlow G, Smith DW, 2011. Deployable laboratory response to influenza pandemic; PCR assay field trials and comparison with reference methods. PLoS One 6: e25526.
-
10.
Lee DJ, Hicks MM, Griffiths M, Russell RC, Debenham ML, Bryan JH, Marks EN, 1980. The Culicidae of the Australasian Region. Entomology Monograph No. 2, vol. 1. Canberra, Australia: Australian Government Publishing Service.
-
11.
van den Hurk AF, Craig SB, Tulsiani SM, Jansen CC, 2010. Emerging tropical diseases in Australia. Part 4. Mosquito-borne diseases. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 104: 623–640.
-
12.
Selvey LA, Dailey L, Lindsay M, Armstrong P, Tobin S, Koehler AP, Markey PG, Smith DW, 2014. The changing epidemiology of Murray Valley encephalitis in Australia: the 2011 outbreak and a review of the literature. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 8: e2656.
-
13.
Speers DJ, Flexman J, Blyth CC, Rooban N, Raby E, Ramaseshan G, Benson S, Smith DW, 2013. Clinical and radiological predictors of outcome for Murray Valley encephalitis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 88: 481–489.
-
14.
Gray TJ, Burrow JN, Markey PG, Whelan PI, Jackson J, Smith DW, Currie BJ, 2011. West Nile virus (Kunjin subtype) disease in the northern territory of Australia—a case of encephalitis and review of all reported cases. Am J Trop Med Hyg 85: 952–956.
-
15.
Department of the Environment, Australian Government, 1999. Federal Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act (EPBC Act). Canberra, Australia: Australian Government.
-
16.
Brumpton BM, McPherson BA, Frances SP, Inglis TJJ, McCall BJ, 2011. Townsville field training area health assessment. ADF Health J 12: 45–50.
-
17.
Queensland Health, 2010. Murray Valley encephalitis. Available at: http://access.health.qld.gov.au/hid/InfectionsandParasites/ViralInfections/murrayValleyEncephalitis_fs.asp. Accessed August 1, 2010.
-
18.
Hall-Mendelin S, Ritchie SA, Johansen CA, Zborowski P, Cortis G, Dandridge S, Hall RA, van den Hurk AF, 2010. Exploiting mosquito sugar feeding to detect mosquito-borne pathogens. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107: 11255–11259.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 728 | 528 | 24 |
| Full Text Views | 407 | 32 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 140 | 40 | 0 |
Deployable Molecular Detection of Arboviruses in the Australian Outback
Timothy J. J. Inglis
Timothy J. J. Inglis
Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA, Nedlands, Australia.
School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.
3rd Health Support Battalion, Adelaide, Australia.
Search for other papers by Timothy J. J. Inglis in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Timothy J. J. Inglis in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Richard S. Bradbury
Richard S. Bradbury
3rd Health Support Battalion, Adelaide, Australia.
School of Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Australia.
Search for other papers by Richard S. Bradbury in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Richard S. Bradbury in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Russell L. McInnes
Russell L. McInnes
Agilent Technologies Australia, Mulgrave, Australia.
Search for other papers by Russell L. McInnes in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Russell L. McInnes in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Stephen P. Frances
Stephen P. Frances
Australian Army Malaria Institute, Queensland, Australia.
Search for other papers by Stephen P. Frances in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Stephen P. Frances in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Adam J. Merritt
Adam J. Merritt
Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA, Nedlands, Australia.
School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.
Search for other papers by Adam J. Merritt in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Adam J. Merritt in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Avram Levy
Avram Levy
Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA, Nedlands, Australia.
School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.
Search for other papers by Avram Levy in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Avram Levy in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Jay Nicholson
Jay Nicholson
2nd General Health Battalion, Queensland, Australia.
Search for other papers by Jay Nicholson in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Jay Nicholson in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Peter J. Neville
Peter J. Neville
2nd General Health Battalion, Queensland, Australia.
Search for other papers by Peter J. Neville in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Peter J. Neville in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Michael Lindsay
Michael Lindsay
2nd General Health Battalion, Queensland, Australia.
Search for other papers by Michael Lindsay in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Michael Lindsay in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
David W. Smith
David W. Smith
Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA, Nedlands, Australia.
School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.
Search for other papers by David W. Smith in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by David W. Smith in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
The most common causes of human infection from the arboviruses that are endemic in Australia are the arthritogenic alphaviruses: Ross River virus (RRV) and Barmah Forest virus (BFV). The most serious infections are caused by the neurotropic flaviviruses, Murray Valley encephalitis virus (MVEV) and the Kunjin subtype of West Nile virus. The greatest individual risk of arbovirus infection occurs in tropical/subtropical northern Australia because of the warm, wet summer conditions from December to June, where conventional arbovirus surveillance is difficult due to a combination of low population density, large distances between population centers, poor roads, and seasonal flooding. Furthermore, virus detection requires samples to be sent to Perth up to 2,000 km away for definitive analysis, causing delays of days to weeks before test results are available and public health interventions can be started. We deployed a portable molecular biology laboratory for remote field detection of endemic arboviruses in northern Queensland, then in tropical Western Australia and detected BFV, MVEV, and RRV RNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays of extracts from mosquitoes trapped in Queensland. We then used a field-portable compact real-time thermocycler for the samples collected in the Kimberley region of Western Australia. Real-time field PCR assays enabled concurrent endemic arbovirus distribution mapping in outback Queensland and Western Australia. Our deployable laboratory method provides a concept of operations for future remote area arbovirus surveillance.
Author Notes
Authors' addresses: Timothy J. J. Inglis, Department of Microbiology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA, Nedlands, Australia, School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia, and 3rd Health Support Battalion, Adelaide, Australia, E-mail: tim.inglis@health.wa.gov.au. Richard S. Bradbury, School of Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Australia, and 3rd Health Support Battalion, Adelaide, Australia, E-mail: r.bradbury@cqu.edu.au. Russell L. McInnes, Genomics, Agilent Technologies Australia, Mulgrave, Australia, E-mail: russell_mcinnes@agilent.com. Stephen P. Frances, Department of Vector Surveillance and Control, Australian Army Malaria Institute, Queensland, Australia, E-mail: steve.frances@defence.gov.au. Adam J. Merritt, Avram Levy, and David W. Smith, Department of Microbiology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA, Nedlands, Australia, and School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia, E-mails: adam.merritt@health.wa.gov.au, avram.levy@health.wa.gov.au, and david.smith@health.wa.gov.au. Jay Nicholson, Environmental Health Hazards Unit, Western Australian Department of Health, Claremont, Australia, E-mail: jay.nicholson@health.wa.gov.au. Peter J. Neville, Vector Control, Western Australian Department of Health, Claremont, Australia, E-mail: peter.neville@health.wa.gov.au. Michael Lindsay, Environmental Health Hazards Unit, Western Australian Department of Health, Perth, Australia, E-mail: michael.lindsay@health.wa.gov.au.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Mackenzie JS, Lindsay MD, Coelen RJ, Broom AK, Hall RA, Smith DW, 1994. Arboviruses causing human disease in the Australasian zoogeographic region. Arch Virol 136: 447–467.
-
2.
Smith DW, Speers DJ, Mackenzie JS, 2011. The viruses of Australia and the risk to tourists. Travel Med Infect Dis 9: 113–125.
-
3.
Wright P, Fitzsimmons GJ, Johansen CA, Whelan PI, National Arbovirus and Malaria Advisory Committee, 2012. Arboviral diseases and malaria in Australia, 2009–10: annual report of the National Arbovirus and Malaria Advisory Committee. Commun Dis Intell Q Rep 36: 70–81.
-
4.
Spencer JD, Azoulas J, Broom AK, Buick TD, Currie B, Daniels PW, Doggett SL, Hapgood GD, Jarrett PJ, Lindsay MD, Lloyd G, Mackenzie JS, Merianos A, Moran RJ, Ritchie SA, Russell RC, Smith DW, Stenhouse FO, Whelan PI, 2001. Murray Valley encephalitis virus surveillance and control initiatives in Australia: a report on behalf of National Arbovirus Advisory Committee of the Communicable Diseases Network Australia. Commun Dis Intell Q Rep 25: 33–47.
-
5.
Broom AK, Whelan PL, 2005. Sentinel chicken surveillance programme in Australia, July 2003 to June 2004. Commun Dis Intell Q Rep 29: 65–70.
-
6.
Inglis TJ, Levy A, Merritt AJ, Hodge M, McDonald R, Woods DE, 2009. Melioidosis risk in a tropical industrial environment. Am J Trop Med Hyg 80: 78–84.
-
7.
Inglis TJ, Merritt A, Montgomery J, Jayasinghe I, Thevanesam V, McInnes R, 2008. Deployable laboratory response to emergence of melioidosis in central Sri Lanka. J Clin Microbiol 46: 3479–3481.
-
8.
Inglis TJJ, 2013. The lab without walls: a deployable approach to tropical infectious diseases. Am J Trop Med Hyg 88: 614–618.
-
9.
Inglis TJ, Merritt AJ, Levy A, Vietheer P, Bradbury R, Scholler A, Chidlow G, Smith DW, 2011. Deployable laboratory response to influenza pandemic; PCR assay field trials and comparison with reference methods. PLoS One 6: e25526.
-
10.
Lee DJ, Hicks MM, Griffiths M, Russell RC, Debenham ML, Bryan JH, Marks EN, 1980. The Culicidae of the Australasian Region. Entomology Monograph No. 2, vol. 1. Canberra, Australia: Australian Government Publishing Service.
-
11.
van den Hurk AF, Craig SB, Tulsiani SM, Jansen CC, 2010. Emerging tropical diseases in Australia. Part 4. Mosquito-borne diseases. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 104: 623–640.
-
12.
Selvey LA, Dailey L, Lindsay M, Armstrong P, Tobin S, Koehler AP, Markey PG, Smith DW, 2014. The changing epidemiology of Murray Valley encephalitis in Australia: the 2011 outbreak and a review of the literature. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 8: e2656.
-
13.
Speers DJ, Flexman J, Blyth CC, Rooban N, Raby E, Ramaseshan G, Benson S, Smith DW, 2013. Clinical and radiological predictors of outcome for Murray Valley encephalitis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 88: 481–489.
-
14.
Gray TJ, Burrow JN, Markey PG, Whelan PI, Jackson J, Smith DW, Currie BJ, 2011. West Nile virus (Kunjin subtype) disease in the northern territory of Australia—a case of encephalitis and review of all reported cases. Am J Trop Med Hyg 85: 952–956.
-
15.
Department of the Environment, Australian Government, 1999. Federal Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act (EPBC Act). Canberra, Australia: Australian Government.
-
16.
Brumpton BM, McPherson BA, Frances SP, Inglis TJJ, McCall BJ, 2011. Townsville field training area health assessment. ADF Health J 12: 45–50.
-
17.
Queensland Health, 2010. Murray Valley encephalitis. Available at: http://access.health.qld.gov.au/hid/InfectionsandParasites/ViralInfections/murrayValleyEncephalitis_fs.asp. Accessed August 1, 2010.
-
18.
Hall-Mendelin S, Ritchie SA, Johansen CA, Zborowski P, Cortis G, Dandridge S, Hall RA, van den Hurk AF, 2010. Exploiting mosquito sugar feeding to detect mosquito-borne pathogens. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107: 11255–11259.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 728 | 528 | 24 |
| Full Text Views | 407 | 32 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 140 | 40 | 0 |