Usinger RL, Wygodzinsky P, Ryckman RE, 1966. The biosystematics of Triatominae. Annu Rev Entomol 11: 309–330.
Schofield CJ, Galvão C, 2009. Classification, evolution, and species groups within the Triatominae. Acta Trop 110: 88–100.
Justi SA, Russo CAM, Mallet JRS, Obara MT, Galvão C, 2014. Molecular phylogeny of Triatomini (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae). Parasit Vectors 7: 149.
Panzera F, Pérez R, Panzera Y, Ferrandis I, Ferreiro MJ, Calleros L, 2010. Cytogenetics and genome evolution in the subfamily Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae). Cytogenet Genome Res 128: 77–87.
Alevi KCC, Mendonça PP, Pereira NP, Rosa JA, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 2012. Karyotype of Triatoma melanocephala Neiva and Pinto (1923). Does this species fit in the Brasiliensis subcomplex? Infect Genet Evol 12: 1652–1653.
Alevi KCC, Rosa JA, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 2014. Cytotaxonomy of the Brasiliensis subcomplex and the Triatoma brasiliensis complex (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae). Zootaxa 3838: 583–589.
Alevi KCC, Oliveira J, Moreira FFF, Jurberg J, Rosa JA, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 2015. Chromosomal characteristics and distribution of constitutive heterochromatin in the Matogrossensis and Rubrovaria subcomplexes. Infect Genet Evol 33: 158–162.
Monteiro FA, Donnelly MJ, Beard CB, Costa J, 2004. Nested clade and phylogeographic analyses of the Chagas disease vector Triatoma brasiliensis in northeast Brazil. Mol Phylogenet Evol 32: 46–56.
Mendonça VJ, Silva MTA, Araujo RF, Junior JM, Junior MB, Almeida CE, Costa J, Graminha MAS, Cicarelli RMB, Rosa JA, 2009. Phylogeny of Triatoma sherlocki (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) inferred from two mitochondrial genes suggests its location within the Triatoma brasiliensis complex. Am J Trop Med Hyg 81: 858–864.
Gardim S, Almeida CE, Takiya DM, Oliveira J, Araújo RF, Cicarelli RMB, Rosa JÁ, 2014. Multiple mitochondrial genes of some sylvatic Brazilian Triatoma: non-monophyly of the T. brasiliensis subcomplex and the need for a generic revision in the Triatomini. Infect Genet Evol 23: 74–79.
Alevi KCC, Mendonça PP, Pereira NP, Guerra AL, Facina CH, Rosa JA, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 2013. Distribution of constitutive heterochromatin in two species of triatomines: Triatoma lenti Sherlock and Serafim (1967) and Triatoma sherlocki Papa, Jurberg, Carcavallo, Cerqueira and Barata (2002). Infect Genet Evol 13: 301–303.
Mendonça VJ, Alevi KCC, Medeiros LMO, Nascimento JD, de Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, da Rosa JA, 2014. Cytogenetic and morphologic approaches of hybrids from experimental crosses between Triatoma lenti Sherlock and Serafim, 1967 and T. sherlocki Papa et al., 2002. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Infect Genet Evol 26: 123–131.
Monteiro FA, Wesson DM, Dotson EM, Schofield CJ, Beard CB, 2000. Phylogeny and molecular taxonomy of the Rhodniini derived from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences. Am J Trop Med Hyg 62: 460–465.
Monteiro FA, Barrett TV, Fitzpatrick S, Cordon-Rosales C, Feliciangeli D, Neard CB, 2003. Molecular phylogeography of the Amazonian Chagas disease vectors Rhodnius prolixus and R. robustus. Mol Ecol 12: 997–1006.
Díaz S, Panzera F, Jaramillo-O N, Pérez R, Fernández R, Vallejo G, Saldanã A, Calzada JE, Triana O, Gómez-Palacio A, 2014. Genetic, cytogenetic and morphological trends in the evolution of the Rhodnius (Triatominae: Rhodniini) trans-Andean group. PLoS One 9: 87493.
Hillis DM, Dixon MT, 1991. Ribosomal DNA: molecular evolution and phylogenetic inference. Q Rev Biol 66: 411–453.
Porter CH, Collins FH, 1996. Phylogeny of nearctic members of the Anopheles maculipennis species group derived from the D2 variable region of 28S ribosomal RNA. Mol Phyl Evol 6: 178–188.
Moritz C, Dowling TE, Brown WM, 1987. Evolution of animal mitochondrial DNA. Relevance for population biology and systematics. Annu Rev Ecol Evol Syst 18: 269–292.
Bargues MD, Marcilla A, Ramsey JM, Dujardin JP, Schofield CJ, Mas-Coma S, 2000. Nuclear rDNA-based molecular clock of the evolution of Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), vectors of Chagas disease. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 95: 567–573.
Costa J, Freitas-Sibajev MGR, Marchon-Silva V, Pires MQ, Pacheco RS, 1997. Isoenzymes detected variation in populations of Triatoma brasiliensis (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 92: 459–464.
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The brasiliensis complex is composed of five triatomine species, and different approaches suggest that Triatoma lenti and Triatoma petrochiae may be the new members. Therefore, this study sought to analyze the phylogenetic relationships within this complex by means of the D2 region of the 28S RNA gene, and to analyze the degree of polymorphism and phylogenetic significance of this gene for South American triatomines. Phylogenetic analysis by using sequence fragments of the D2 domain did not allow to perform phylogenetic inferences on species within the brasiliensis complex, because the gene alignment composed of a matrix with 37 specimens exhibited only two variable sites along the 567 base pairs used. Furthermore, if all South American species are included, only four variable sites were detected, reflecting the high degree of gene conservation. Therefore, we do not recommend the use of this gene for phylogenetic reconstruction for this group of Chagas disease vectors.
Financial support: The research was supported by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) and the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES).
Authors' addresses: Ana Letícia Guerra, Kaio Cesar Chaboli Alevi, Cecília Artico Banho, and Maria Tercília Vilela de Azeredo-Oliveira, Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista (IBILCE–UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil, E-mails: analebio@yahoo.com.br, kaiochaboli@hotmail.com, ce_artico@hotmail.com, and tercilia@ibilce.unesp.br. Jader de Oliveira and João Aristeu da Rosa, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil, E-mails: jdr.oliveira@hotmail.com and joaoaristeu@gmail.com.
Usinger RL, Wygodzinsky P, Ryckman RE, 1966. The biosystematics of Triatominae. Annu Rev Entomol 11: 309–330.
Schofield CJ, Galvão C, 2009. Classification, evolution, and species groups within the Triatominae. Acta Trop 110: 88–100.
Justi SA, Russo CAM, Mallet JRS, Obara MT, Galvão C, 2014. Molecular phylogeny of Triatomini (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae). Parasit Vectors 7: 149.
Panzera F, Pérez R, Panzera Y, Ferrandis I, Ferreiro MJ, Calleros L, 2010. Cytogenetics and genome evolution in the subfamily Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae). Cytogenet Genome Res 128: 77–87.
Alevi KCC, Mendonça PP, Pereira NP, Rosa JA, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 2012. Karyotype of Triatoma melanocephala Neiva and Pinto (1923). Does this species fit in the Brasiliensis subcomplex? Infect Genet Evol 12: 1652–1653.
Alevi KCC, Rosa JA, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 2014. Cytotaxonomy of the Brasiliensis subcomplex and the Triatoma brasiliensis complex (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae). Zootaxa 3838: 583–589.
Alevi KCC, Oliveira J, Moreira FFF, Jurberg J, Rosa JA, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 2015. Chromosomal characteristics and distribution of constitutive heterochromatin in the Matogrossensis and Rubrovaria subcomplexes. Infect Genet Evol 33: 158–162.
Monteiro FA, Donnelly MJ, Beard CB, Costa J, 2004. Nested clade and phylogeographic analyses of the Chagas disease vector Triatoma brasiliensis in northeast Brazil. Mol Phylogenet Evol 32: 46–56.
Mendonça VJ, Silva MTA, Araujo RF, Junior JM, Junior MB, Almeida CE, Costa J, Graminha MAS, Cicarelli RMB, Rosa JA, 2009. Phylogeny of Triatoma sherlocki (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) inferred from two mitochondrial genes suggests its location within the Triatoma brasiliensis complex. Am J Trop Med Hyg 81: 858–864.
Gardim S, Almeida CE, Takiya DM, Oliveira J, Araújo RF, Cicarelli RMB, Rosa JÁ, 2014. Multiple mitochondrial genes of some sylvatic Brazilian Triatoma: non-monophyly of the T. brasiliensis subcomplex and the need for a generic revision in the Triatomini. Infect Genet Evol 23: 74–79.
Alevi KCC, Mendonça PP, Pereira NP, Guerra AL, Facina CH, Rosa JA, Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, 2013. Distribution of constitutive heterochromatin in two species of triatomines: Triatoma lenti Sherlock and Serafim (1967) and Triatoma sherlocki Papa, Jurberg, Carcavallo, Cerqueira and Barata (2002). Infect Genet Evol 13: 301–303.
Mendonça VJ, Alevi KCC, Medeiros LMO, Nascimento JD, de Azeredo-Oliveira MTV, da Rosa JA, 2014. Cytogenetic and morphologic approaches of hybrids from experimental crosses between Triatoma lenti Sherlock and Serafim, 1967 and T. sherlocki Papa et al., 2002. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). Infect Genet Evol 26: 123–131.
Monteiro FA, Wesson DM, Dotson EM, Schofield CJ, Beard CB, 2000. Phylogeny and molecular taxonomy of the Rhodniini derived from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences. Am J Trop Med Hyg 62: 460–465.
Monteiro FA, Barrett TV, Fitzpatrick S, Cordon-Rosales C, Feliciangeli D, Neard CB, 2003. Molecular phylogeography of the Amazonian Chagas disease vectors Rhodnius prolixus and R. robustus. Mol Ecol 12: 997–1006.
Díaz S, Panzera F, Jaramillo-O N, Pérez R, Fernández R, Vallejo G, Saldanã A, Calzada JE, Triana O, Gómez-Palacio A, 2014. Genetic, cytogenetic and morphological trends in the evolution of the Rhodnius (Triatominae: Rhodniini) trans-Andean group. PLoS One 9: 87493.
Hillis DM, Dixon MT, 1991. Ribosomal DNA: molecular evolution and phylogenetic inference. Q Rev Biol 66: 411–453.
Porter CH, Collins FH, 1996. Phylogeny of nearctic members of the Anopheles maculipennis species group derived from the D2 variable region of 28S ribosomal RNA. Mol Phyl Evol 6: 178–188.
Moritz C, Dowling TE, Brown WM, 1987. Evolution of animal mitochondrial DNA. Relevance for population biology and systematics. Annu Rev Ecol Evol Syst 18: 269–292.
Bargues MD, Marcilla A, Ramsey JM, Dujardin JP, Schofield CJ, Mas-Coma S, 2000. Nuclear rDNA-based molecular clock of the evolution of Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), vectors of Chagas disease. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 95: 567–573.
Costa J, Freitas-Sibajev MGR, Marchon-Silva V, Pires MQ, Pacheco RS, 1997. Isoenzymes detected variation in populations of Triatoma brasiliensis (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 92: 459–464.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 24 | 24 | 6 |
Full Text Views | 236 | 73 | 0 |
PDF Downloads | 70 | 22 | 0 |