Author:
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
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EndNote
-
1.
Adler B, 2015. History of leptospirosis. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 387: 1–9.
-
2.
Bharti AR, Nally JE, Ricaldi JN, Matthias MA, Diaz MM, Lovett MA, Levett PN, Gilman RH, Willig MR, Gotuzzo E, Vinetz JM, 2003. Leptospirosis: a zoonotic disease of global importance. Lancet Infect Dis 3: 757–771.
-
3.
Ratnam S, Sundararaj T, Saubramaian S, 1983. Serological evidence of leptospirosis in a human population following an outbreak of the disease in cattle. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 77: 94–98.
-
4.
Sehgal SC, Murhekar MV, Sugunan AP, 1995. Outbreak of leptospirosis with pulmonary involvement in north Andaman. Indian J Med Res 102: 9–12.
-
5.
Natarajaseenivasan K, Ratnam S, 1997. Sero-prevalence of leptospiral infection in an agricultural based village in Tamil Nadu. Cheiron 26: 80–82.
-
6.
Natarajaseenivasan K, Boopalan M, Selvanayaki K, Suresh SR, Ratnam S, 2002. Leptospirosis among rice mill workers of Salem, south India. Jpn J Infect Dis 55: 170–173.
-
7.
Ambekar AN, Bharadwaj RS, Joshi SA, Kagal AS, Bal AM, 2004. Sero surveillance of leptospirosis among sewer workers in Pune. Indian J Public Health 48: 27–29.
-
8.
Prabhakaran SG, Shanmughapriya S, Dhanapaul S, James A, Natarajaseenivasan K, 2014. Risk factors associated with rural and urban epidemics of leptospirosis in Tiruchirappalli district of Tamilnadu, India. J Public Health 22: 323–333.
-
9.
World Health Organization and International Leptospirosis Society, 2003. Human Leptospirosis: Guidance for Diagnosis, Surveillance and Control. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, 1–107.
-
10.
Vijayachari P, Hartskeerl RA, Sharma S, Natarajaseenivsan K, Roy S, Terpstra WJ, Sehgal SC, 2004. A unique strain of Leptospira isolated from a patient with pulmonary haemorrhages in the Andaman Islands: a proposal of serovar portblairi of serogroup Sehgali. Epidemiol Infect 132: 663–673.
-
11.
Murhekar MV, Sugunan AP, Vijayachari P, Sharma S, Sehgal SC, 1998. Risk factors in the transmission of leptospiral infection. Indian J Med Res 10: 218–223.
-
12.
Sahai H, Khurshid A, 1996. Statistics in Epidemiology: Methods, Techniques and Applications. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
-
13.
Dean AG, Dean JA, Coulombier D, Brendel KA, Smith DC, Burton AH, 1995. Epi Info, Version 6: A Word Processing, Database, and Statistics Program for Epidemiology on Microcomputers. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
-
14.
Sharma S, Vijayachari P, Sugunan AP, Natarajaseenivasan K, Sehgal SC, 2006. Seroprevalence of leptospirosis among high-risk population of Andaman Islands, India. Am J Trop Med Hyg 74: 278–283.
-
15.
Dreyfus A, Wilson P, Collins-Emerson J, Benschop J, Moore S, Heuer C, 2014. Risk factors for new infection with Leptospira in meat workers in New Zealand. Occup Environ Med 72: 219–225.
-
16.
Natarajaseenivasan K, Vedhagiri K, Sivabalan V, Prabagaran SG, Sukumar S, Artiushin SC, Timoney JF, 2011. Seroprevalence of Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar javanica infection among dairy cattle, rats and humans in the Cauvery river valley of southern India. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 42: 679–686.
-
17.
Zamora J, Riedemann S, Montecions ML, Cabezas X, 1990. Serological survey of human leptospirosis in high-risk population in Chile. Rev Med Chil 118: 247–252.
-
18.
Everard COR, Hayes RJ, Fraser-Champond GM, 1985. Serological survey for leptospirosis in Trinidad among urban and rural dwellers and persons occupationally at risk. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 79: 96–105.
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| Abstract Views | 76 | 76 | 24 |
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Leptospirosis Seroprevalence Among Blue Metal Mine Workers of Tamil Nadu, India
Sakkarai Mohamed Asha Parveen
Sakkarai Mohamed Asha Parveen
Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Centre of Excellence in Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tami Nadu, India.
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Baskar Suganyaa
Baskar Suganyaa
Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Centre of Excellence in Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tami Nadu, India.
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Muthu Sri Sathya
Muthu Sri Sathya
Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Centre of Excellence in Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tami Nadu, India.
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Alphonse Asirvatham Princy Margreat
Alphonse Asirvatham Princy Margreat
Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Centre of Excellence in Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tami Nadu, India.
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Karikalacholan Sivasankari
Karikalacholan Sivasankari
Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Centre of Excellence in Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tami Nadu, India.
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Santhanam Shanmughapriya
Santhanam Shanmughapriya
Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Centre of Excellence in Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tami Nadu, India.
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Nicholas E. Hoffman
Nicholas E. Hoffman
Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska.
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Kalimuthusamy Natarajaseenivasan
Kalimuthusamy Natarajaseenivasan
Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Centre of Excellence in Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tami Nadu, India.
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Leptospirosis is mainly considered an occupational disease, prevalent among agriculture, sewage works, forestry, and animal slaughtering populations. However, putative risk to miners and their inclusion in the high-risk leptospirosis group remain in need of rigorous analysis. Therefore, a study was conducted with the objective to assess the leptospirosis seroprevalence among miners of two districts of Tamil Nadu, India. A total of 244 sera samples from Pudukkottai miners (124) and Karur miners (120) were analyzed by microscopic agglutination test. Antibodies to leptospires were detected in 94 samples giving an overall seroprevalence of 38.5%. The seroprevalence was higher among Pudukkottai miners (65.3%) when compared with Karur miners (10.8%). Seroprevalence among control population (13%) was significantly less than that of the Pudukkottai miners marking a possible high-risk population group distinction. Subject sera most commonly reacted with organisms of the serogroup Autumnalis, and the pattern was similar in carrier animals of the study areas. Two leptospires were isolated from kidney samples of rats. The prevalence of Autumnalis among rodents and humans source tracked human leptospirosis among the miners. The study also determined that Pudukkottai miners are subjected to high-risk challenges such as exposure to water bodies on the way to the mines (odds ratio [OR] = 10.6), wet mine areas (OR = 10.6), rat infestation (OR = 4.6), and cattle rearing (OR = 10.4) and are thus frequently exposed to leptospirosis compared with Karur miners. Hence, control strategies targeting these populations will likely to prove to be effective remediation strategies benefiting Pudukkottai miners and workers in similar environments across occupations.
Author Notes
Financial support: This work was supported by the research grants from the Department of Science and Technology (DST Grant No: SR/SO/HS/0027/2010) and Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR Grant No: 5/3/3/3/2007-ECD-I).
Authors' addresses: Sakkarai Mohamed Asha Parveen, Baskar Suganyaa, Muthu Sri Sathya, Alphonse Asirvatham Princy Margreat, Karikalacholan Sivasankari, and Kalimuthusamy Natarajaseenivasan, Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Centre of Excellence in Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India, E-mails: cmr.asha@gmail.com, suganyaabhaskar@gmail.com, sathyasri94@gmail.com, margreat.princy28@gmail.com, sivasankaricholan@gmail.com, and natarajaseenivasan@rediffmail.com. Santhanam Shanmughapriya, Center for Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, E-mail: shanmughapriyasanthanam@gmail.com. Nicholas E. Hoffman, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, E-mail: nehoffma@unmc.edu.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Adler B, 2015. History of leptospirosis. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 387: 1–9.
-
2.
Bharti AR, Nally JE, Ricaldi JN, Matthias MA, Diaz MM, Lovett MA, Levett PN, Gilman RH, Willig MR, Gotuzzo E, Vinetz JM, 2003. Leptospirosis: a zoonotic disease of global importance. Lancet Infect Dis 3: 757–771.
-
3.
Ratnam S, Sundararaj T, Saubramaian S, 1983. Serological evidence of leptospirosis in a human population following an outbreak of the disease in cattle. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 77: 94–98.
-
4.
Sehgal SC, Murhekar MV, Sugunan AP, 1995. Outbreak of leptospirosis with pulmonary involvement in north Andaman. Indian J Med Res 102: 9–12.
-
5.
Natarajaseenivasan K, Ratnam S, 1997. Sero-prevalence of leptospiral infection in an agricultural based village in Tamil Nadu. Cheiron 26: 80–82.
-
6.
Natarajaseenivasan K, Boopalan M, Selvanayaki K, Suresh SR, Ratnam S, 2002. Leptospirosis among rice mill workers of Salem, south India. Jpn J Infect Dis 55: 170–173.
-
7.
Ambekar AN, Bharadwaj RS, Joshi SA, Kagal AS, Bal AM, 2004. Sero surveillance of leptospirosis among sewer workers in Pune. Indian J Public Health 48: 27–29.
-
8.
Prabhakaran SG, Shanmughapriya S, Dhanapaul S, James A, Natarajaseenivasan K, 2014. Risk factors associated with rural and urban epidemics of leptospirosis in Tiruchirappalli district of Tamilnadu, India. J Public Health 22: 323–333.
-
9.
World Health Organization and International Leptospirosis Society, 2003. Human Leptospirosis: Guidance for Diagnosis, Surveillance and Control. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, 1–107.
-
10.
Vijayachari P, Hartskeerl RA, Sharma S, Natarajaseenivsan K, Roy S, Terpstra WJ, Sehgal SC, 2004. A unique strain of Leptospira isolated from a patient with pulmonary haemorrhages in the Andaman Islands: a proposal of serovar portblairi of serogroup Sehgali. Epidemiol Infect 132: 663–673.
-
11.
Murhekar MV, Sugunan AP, Vijayachari P, Sharma S, Sehgal SC, 1998. Risk factors in the transmission of leptospiral infection. Indian J Med Res 10: 218–223.
-
12.
Sahai H, Khurshid A, 1996. Statistics in Epidemiology: Methods, Techniques and Applications. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
-
13.
Dean AG, Dean JA, Coulombier D, Brendel KA, Smith DC, Burton AH, 1995. Epi Info, Version 6: A Word Processing, Database, and Statistics Program for Epidemiology on Microcomputers. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
-
14.
Sharma S, Vijayachari P, Sugunan AP, Natarajaseenivasan K, Sehgal SC, 2006. Seroprevalence of leptospirosis among high-risk population of Andaman Islands, India. Am J Trop Med Hyg 74: 278–283.
-
15.
Dreyfus A, Wilson P, Collins-Emerson J, Benschop J, Moore S, Heuer C, 2014. Risk factors for new infection with Leptospira in meat workers in New Zealand. Occup Environ Med 72: 219–225.
-
16.
Natarajaseenivasan K, Vedhagiri K, Sivabalan V, Prabagaran SG, Sukumar S, Artiushin SC, Timoney JF, 2011. Seroprevalence of Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar javanica infection among dairy cattle, rats and humans in the Cauvery river valley of southern India. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 42: 679–686.
-
17.
Zamora J, Riedemann S, Montecions ML, Cabezas X, 1990. Serological survey of human leptospirosis in high-risk population in Chile. Rev Med Chil 118: 247–252.
-
18.
Everard COR, Hayes RJ, Fraser-Champond GM, 1985. Serological survey for leptospirosis in Trinidad among urban and rural dwellers and persons occupationally at risk. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 79: 96–105.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 76 | 76 | 24 |
| Full Text Views | 332 | 131 | 1 |
| PDF Downloads | 101 | 33 | 0 |