Ott JJ, Stevens GA, Groeger J, Wiersma ST, 2012. Global epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection: new estimates of age-specific HBsAg seroprevalence and endemicity. Vaccine 30: 2212–2219.
Goldstein ST, Zhou F, Hadler SC, Bell BP, Mast EE, Margolis HS, 2005. A mathematical model to estimate global hepatitis B disease burden and vaccination impact. Int J Epidemiol 34: 1329–1339.
Clements CJ, Baoping Y, Crouch A, Hipgrave D, Mansoor O, Nelson CB, Treleaven S, van Konkelenberg R, Wiersma S, 2006. Progress in the control of hepatitis B infection in the Western Pacific Region. Vaccine 24: 1975–1982.
Hennessey K, Mendoza-Aldana J, Bayutas B, Lorenzo-Mariano KM, Diorditsa S, 2013. Hepatitis B control in the World Health Organization's Western Pacific Region: targets, strategies, status. Vaccine 31 (Suppl 9): J85–J92.
Regional Committee of the Western Pacific, 2013. Hepatitis B Control through Vaccination: Setting the Target. WPR/RC64.R5. Manila, Philippines: WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific.
World Health Organization, 2007. Western Pacific Regional Plan for Hepatitis B Control through Immunization. Manila, Philippines: WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific.
Boutin JP, Sainte Marie FF, Cartel JL, Cardines R, Girard M, Roux J, 1990. Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in the Austral archipelago, French Polynesia: identification of transmission patterns for the formulation of immunization strategies. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 84: 283–287.
Brindle RJ, Eglin RP, Parsons AJ, Hill AV, Selkon JB, 1988. HTLV-1, HIV-1, hepatitis B and hepatitis delta in the Pacific and south-east Asia: a serological survey. Epidemiol Infect 100: 153–156.
Renou L, Ségalin J-M, 2013. Evaluation de la Couverture Vaccinale des élèves scolarisés en Polynésie française, année scolaire 2011–2012. Tahiti, Polynésie Française: Direction de la Santé.
Lien TX, Tien NT, Chanpong GF, Cuc CT, Yen VT, Soderquist R, Laras K, Corwin A, 2000. Evaluation of rapid diagnostic tests for the detection of human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2, hepatitis B surface antigen, and syphilis in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Am J Trop Med Hyg 62: 301–309.
Alere, 2011. Alere Determine HBsAg Package Insert. Available at: http://www.alere.com/en/home/product-details/determine-hbsag.html. Chiba, Japan: Alere.
World Health Organization, 2001. Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Assays: Operational Characteristics (Phase 1). Report 1. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
Rubin D, Schenker N, 1987. Logit-based interval estimation for binomial data using the Jeffrey's prior. Sociol Methodol 17: 131–144.
World Health Organization, 2013. Global Vaccine Action Plan, 2011–2020. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
WHO Regional Office of the Western Pacific, 2011. Western Pacific Country Health Information Profiles: 2011 Revision. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
Wallace AS, Sobel H, Ryman TK, Mantaring JB 3rd, Silvestre M, Thorley M, Ducusin J, Nyunt US, 2012. Timing of hepatitis B vaccination and impact of non-simultaneous vaccination with DTP vaccine following introduction of a hepatitis B birth dose in the Philippines. J Public Health Policy 33: 368–381.
Clark A, Sanderson C, 2009. Timing of children's vaccinations in 45 low-income and middle-income countries: an analysis of survey data. Lancet 373: 1543–1549.
Hull BP, McIntyre PB, 2006. Timeliness of childhood immunisation in Australia. Vaccine 24: 4403–4408.
Zhou Y, Wang H, Zheng J, Zhu X, Xia W, Hipgrave DB, 2009. Coverage of and influences on timely administration of hepatitis B vaccine birth dose in remote rural areas of the People's Republic of China. Am J Trop Med Hyg 81: 869–874.
Bielicki JA, Achermann R, Berger C, 2012. Timing of measles immunization and effective population vaccine coverage. Pediatrics 130: e600–e606.
Luman ET, Barker LE, Shaw KM, McCauley MM, Buehler JW, Pickering LK, 2005. Timeliness of childhood vaccinations in the United States: days undervaccinated and number of vaccines delayed. JAMA 293: 1204–1211.
Dominguez SR, Parrott JS, Lauderdale DS, Daum RS, 2004. On-time immunization rates among children who enter Chicago public schools. Pediatrics 114: e741–e747.
Heininger U, Zuberbuhler M, 2006. Immunization rates and timely administration in pre-school and school-aged children. Eur J Pediatr 165: 124–129.
Hill HA, Elam-Evans LD, Yankey D, Singleton JA, Kolasa M, 2015. National, state, and selected local area vaccination coverage among children aged 19–35 months—United States, 2014. MMWR 64: 889–896.
World Health Organization, 2010. Hepatitis B vaccines: WHO position paper—recommendations. Vaccine 28: 589–590.
Ruff TA, Gertig DM, Otto BF, Gust ID, Sutanto A, Soewarso TI, Kandun N, Marschner IC, Maynard JE, 1995. Lombok Hepatitis B Model Immunization Project: toward universal infant hepatitis B immunization in Indonesia. J Infect Dis 171: 290–296.
Mast EE, Margolis HS, Fiore AE, Brink EW, Goldstein ST, Wang SA, Moyer LA, Bell BP, Alter MJ; Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, 2005. A comprehensive immunization strategy to eliminate transmission of hepatitis B virus infection in the United States: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) part 1: immunization of infants, children, and adolescents. MMWR Recomm Rep 54: 1–31.
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French Polynesia is considered to be moderately endemic for chronic hepatitis B virus infection, with an estimated 3% of the population having hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). From 1990 to 1992, a 3-dose hepatitis B vaccination series was introduced into the routine infant immunization schedule in French Polynesia, including a birth dose (BD). In 2014, a nationally representative 2-stage cluster survey was undertaken to evaluate the impact of the vaccination program on HBsAg prevalence among school children (∼6 years of age) in Cours Préparatoire (CP). Documented vaccination data were reviewed for all eligible children; children with consent were tested for HBsAg with a rapid point-of-care test. In total, 1,660 students were identified; 1,567 (94%) had vaccination data for review and 1,196 (72%) participated in the serosurvey. Three-dose vaccination coverage was 98%, while timely BD coverage, defined as a dose administered within 24 hours of life, was 89%. Receipt of the second and third doses was often delayed, with 75% and 55% receiving a second and third dose within 1 month of the recommended age, respectively. No children tested positive for HBsAg. French Polynesia's vaccination program has achieved high coverage and an HBsAg seroprevalence of 0% (0–0.5%) among CP school children, but timeliness of vaccination could be improved.
Financial support: Funding for this survey was provided by the WHO.
Authors' addresses: Minal K. Patel and Kathleen Wannemuehler, Global Immunization Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, E-mails: hgo9@cdc.gov and kpw9@cdc.gov. Evelyne Le Calvez and Jean-Marc Ségalin, Bureau des Programmes de Pathologies Infectieuses, Direction de la Santé, Papeete, French Polynesia, E-mails: evelyne.lecalvez@sante.gov.pf and jean-marc.segalin@sante.gov.pf.
Ott JJ, Stevens GA, Groeger J, Wiersma ST, 2012. Global epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection: new estimates of age-specific HBsAg seroprevalence and endemicity. Vaccine 30: 2212–2219.
Goldstein ST, Zhou F, Hadler SC, Bell BP, Mast EE, Margolis HS, 2005. A mathematical model to estimate global hepatitis B disease burden and vaccination impact. Int J Epidemiol 34: 1329–1339.
Clements CJ, Baoping Y, Crouch A, Hipgrave D, Mansoor O, Nelson CB, Treleaven S, van Konkelenberg R, Wiersma S, 2006. Progress in the control of hepatitis B infection in the Western Pacific Region. Vaccine 24: 1975–1982.
Hennessey K, Mendoza-Aldana J, Bayutas B, Lorenzo-Mariano KM, Diorditsa S, 2013. Hepatitis B control in the World Health Organization's Western Pacific Region: targets, strategies, status. Vaccine 31 (Suppl 9): J85–J92.
Regional Committee of the Western Pacific, 2013. Hepatitis B Control through Vaccination: Setting the Target. WPR/RC64.R5. Manila, Philippines: WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific.
World Health Organization, 2007. Western Pacific Regional Plan for Hepatitis B Control through Immunization. Manila, Philippines: WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific.
Boutin JP, Sainte Marie FF, Cartel JL, Cardines R, Girard M, Roux J, 1990. Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in the Austral archipelago, French Polynesia: identification of transmission patterns for the formulation of immunization strategies. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 84: 283–287.
Brindle RJ, Eglin RP, Parsons AJ, Hill AV, Selkon JB, 1988. HTLV-1, HIV-1, hepatitis B and hepatitis delta in the Pacific and south-east Asia: a serological survey. Epidemiol Infect 100: 153–156.
Renou L, Ségalin J-M, 2013. Evaluation de la Couverture Vaccinale des élèves scolarisés en Polynésie française, année scolaire 2011–2012. Tahiti, Polynésie Française: Direction de la Santé.
Lien TX, Tien NT, Chanpong GF, Cuc CT, Yen VT, Soderquist R, Laras K, Corwin A, 2000. Evaluation of rapid diagnostic tests for the detection of human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2, hepatitis B surface antigen, and syphilis in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Am J Trop Med Hyg 62: 301–309.
Alere, 2011. Alere Determine HBsAg Package Insert. Available at: http://www.alere.com/en/home/product-details/determine-hbsag.html. Chiba, Japan: Alere.
World Health Organization, 2001. Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Assays: Operational Characteristics (Phase 1). Report 1. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
Rubin D, Schenker N, 1987. Logit-based interval estimation for binomial data using the Jeffrey's prior. Sociol Methodol 17: 131–144.
World Health Organization, 2013. Global Vaccine Action Plan, 2011–2020. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
WHO Regional Office of the Western Pacific, 2011. Western Pacific Country Health Information Profiles: 2011 Revision. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
Wallace AS, Sobel H, Ryman TK, Mantaring JB 3rd, Silvestre M, Thorley M, Ducusin J, Nyunt US, 2012. Timing of hepatitis B vaccination and impact of non-simultaneous vaccination with DTP vaccine following introduction of a hepatitis B birth dose in the Philippines. J Public Health Policy 33: 368–381.
Clark A, Sanderson C, 2009. Timing of children's vaccinations in 45 low-income and middle-income countries: an analysis of survey data. Lancet 373: 1543–1549.
Hull BP, McIntyre PB, 2006. Timeliness of childhood immunisation in Australia. Vaccine 24: 4403–4408.
Zhou Y, Wang H, Zheng J, Zhu X, Xia W, Hipgrave DB, 2009. Coverage of and influences on timely administration of hepatitis B vaccine birth dose in remote rural areas of the People's Republic of China. Am J Trop Med Hyg 81: 869–874.
Bielicki JA, Achermann R, Berger C, 2012. Timing of measles immunization and effective population vaccine coverage. Pediatrics 130: e600–e606.
Luman ET, Barker LE, Shaw KM, McCauley MM, Buehler JW, Pickering LK, 2005. Timeliness of childhood vaccinations in the United States: days undervaccinated and number of vaccines delayed. JAMA 293: 1204–1211.
Dominguez SR, Parrott JS, Lauderdale DS, Daum RS, 2004. On-time immunization rates among children who enter Chicago public schools. Pediatrics 114: e741–e747.
Heininger U, Zuberbuhler M, 2006. Immunization rates and timely administration in pre-school and school-aged children. Eur J Pediatr 165: 124–129.
Hill HA, Elam-Evans LD, Yankey D, Singleton JA, Kolasa M, 2015. National, state, and selected local area vaccination coverage among children aged 19–35 months—United States, 2014. MMWR 64: 889–896.
World Health Organization, 2010. Hepatitis B vaccines: WHO position paper—recommendations. Vaccine 28: 589–590.
Ruff TA, Gertig DM, Otto BF, Gust ID, Sutanto A, Soewarso TI, Kandun N, Marschner IC, Maynard JE, 1995. Lombok Hepatitis B Model Immunization Project: toward universal infant hepatitis B immunization in Indonesia. J Infect Dis 171: 290–296.
Mast EE, Margolis HS, Fiore AE, Brink EW, Goldstein ST, Wang SA, Moyer LA, Bell BP, Alter MJ; Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, 2005. A comprehensive immunization strategy to eliminate transmission of hepatitis B virus infection in the United States: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) part 1: immunization of infants, children, and adolescents. MMWR Recomm Rep 54: 1–31.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 378 | 309 | 13 |
Full Text Views | 393 | 7 | 0 |
PDF Downloads | 109 | 9 | 0 |