World Health Organization, 1995. Control of Foodborne Trematode Infections. Technical Report Series No. 849. Report of a WHO Expert Committee. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. Available at: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/41544/1/WHO_TRS_849_(part1).pdf. Accessed September 1, 2015.
Esteban JG, Bargues MD, Mas-Coma S, 1998. Geographical distribution, diagnosis and treatment of human fasciolosis: a review. Res Rev Parasitol 58: 13–42 (Online). Available at: http://bibliotecavirtual.ranf.com/i18n/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.cmd?path=1002097. Accessed September 1, 2015.
Ashrafi K, Valero M, Massoud J, Sobhani A, Solaymani-Mohammadi S, Conde P, Khoubbane M, Bargues MD, Mas-Coma S, 2006. Plant-borne human contamination by fascioliasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 75: 295–302.
Pile E, Gazeta G, Santosa J, Coelho B, Serra-Freire N, 2000. Occurrence of human fascioliasis in Volta Redonda, RJ, Brazil. Rev Saude Publica 34: 313–314.
Esteban JG, Flores A, Aguirre C, Strauss W, Angles R, Mas-Coma S, 1997. Presence of very high prevalence and intensity of infection with Fasciola hepatica among Aymara children from the Northern Bolivian Altiplano. Acta Trop 66: 1–14.
Mas-Coma S, Funatsu IR, Bargues MD, 2001. Fasciola hepatica and lymnaeid snails occurring at very high altitude in South America. Parasitology 123 (Suppl): S115–S127.
Fürst T, Keiser J, Utzinger J, 2012. Global burden of human food-borne trematodiasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 12: 210–221.
Marcos LA, Terashima A, Leguia G, Canales M, Espinoza JR, Gotuzzo E, 2007. La Infeccion por Fasciola hepatica en el Peru: una enfermedad emergente. [In Spanish]. Rev Gastroenterol Peru 27: 389–396.
Cabada MM, Lopez M, Arque E, Clinton White A, 2014. Prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths after mass albendazole administration in an indigenous community of the Manu jungle in Peru. Pathog Glob Health 108: 200–205.
Ohl-Schacherer JS, Glenn H, Kaplan Peres CA, Levi T, Yu DW, 2007. The sustainability of subsistence hunting by Matsigenka native communities in Manu National Park, Peru. Conserv Biol 21: 1174–1185.
Shepard GH, 1999. Pharmacognosy and the Senses in Two Amazonian Societies. University of California, Berkeley and the University of California, San Francisco. Available at: https://books.google.com/books?id=MgaOPAAACAAJ. Accessed December 14, 2015.
Zavaleta C, Fernández C, Konda K, Valderrama Y, Vermund SH, Gotuzzo E, 2007. High prevalence of HIV and syphilis in a remote native community of the Peruvian Amazon. Am J Trop Med Hyg 76: 703–705.
Mas-Coma S, Bargues MD, Valero MA, 2005. Fascioliasis and other plant-borne trematode zoonoses. Int J Parasitol 35: 1255–1278.
Magnanou E, Fons R, Feliu C, Morand S, 2006. Physiological responses of insular wild black rat (Rattus rattus) to natural infection by the digenean trematode Fasciola hepatica. Parasitol Res 99: 97–101.
Farag HF, El Sayad MH, 1995. Biomphalaria alexandrina naturally infected with Fasciola gigantica in Egypt. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 89: 36.
Dittmat K, 2002. Arthropod and helminth parasites of the wild Guinea pig, Cavia aperea, from the Andes and the cordillera in Peru, South America. J Parasitol 88: 409–411.
Valero MA, Panova M, Comes AM, Fons R, Mas-Coma S, 2002. Patterns in size and shedding of Fasciola hepatica eggs by naturally and experimentally infected murid rodents. J Parasitol 88: 308–313.
Fuentes MV, Valero MA, Bargues MD, Esteban JG, Angles R, Mas-Coma S, 1999. Analysis of climatic data and forecast indices for human fascioliasis at very high altitude. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 93: 835–850.
Fuentes MV, Malone JB, Mas-Coma S, 2001. Validation of a mapping and predicting model for human fasciolosis transmission in Andean very high altitude endemic areas using remote sensing data. Acta Trop 79: 87–95.
Ampuero-Leon A. Evaluacion de la fauna malacologica en la cuenca del rio Madre de Dios [In Spanish]. Available at: http://tambopata.org.uk/onewebmedia/A.Ampuero%20Report.pdf. Accessed September 1, 2015.
Ramirez R, Paredes C, Arenas J, 2003. Moluscos del Peru [In Spanish]. Revista de Biologia Tropical 51: 225–284 (Online). Available at: http://www.ots.ac.cr/rbt/pages/suppl/sup51-3.html. Accessed September 1, 2015.
Medeiros C, Scholte RG, Davila S, Caldeira RL, Carvalho O dos S, 2014. Spatial distribution of Lymnaeidae (Mollusca, Basommatophora), intermediate host of Fasciola hepatica Linnaeus, 1758 (Trematoda, Digenea) in Brazil. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 56: 235–252.
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Fasciola hepatica is a zoonotic infection with a worldwide distribution. Autochthonous cases have not been reported in the Amazon region of Peru. Operculated eggs resembling F. hepatica were identified in the stools of five out of 215 subjects in a remote indigenous community of the Peruvian jungle. Polymerase chain reaction targeting Fasciola hepatica cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene and sequencing of the products confirmed Fasciola infection.
Financial support: This study was supported, in part, by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Grant 1R01AI104820-01.
Authors' addresses: Miguel M. Cabada, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia and University of Texas Medical Branch Collaborative Research Center, Cusco, Peru, and Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, E-mail: micabada@utmb.edu. Alejandro Castellanos-Gonzalez and Arthur Clinton White Jr., Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, E-mails: alcastel@utmb.edu and acwhite@utmb.edu. Martha Lopez, María Alejandra Caravedo, and Eulogia Arque, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia and University of Texas Medical Branch Collaborative Research Center, Cusco, Peru, E-mails: martlop2000@gmail.com, alejandra.caravedo@gmail.com, and picis_11_90@hotmail.com.
World Health Organization, 1995. Control of Foodborne Trematode Infections. Technical Report Series No. 849. Report of a WHO Expert Committee. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. Available at: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/41544/1/WHO_TRS_849_(part1).pdf. Accessed September 1, 2015.
Esteban JG, Bargues MD, Mas-Coma S, 1998. Geographical distribution, diagnosis and treatment of human fasciolosis: a review. Res Rev Parasitol 58: 13–42 (Online). Available at: http://bibliotecavirtual.ranf.com/i18n/catalogo_imagenes/grupo.cmd?path=1002097. Accessed September 1, 2015.
Ashrafi K, Valero M, Massoud J, Sobhani A, Solaymani-Mohammadi S, Conde P, Khoubbane M, Bargues MD, Mas-Coma S, 2006. Plant-borne human contamination by fascioliasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 75: 295–302.
Pile E, Gazeta G, Santosa J, Coelho B, Serra-Freire N, 2000. Occurrence of human fascioliasis in Volta Redonda, RJ, Brazil. Rev Saude Publica 34: 313–314.
Esteban JG, Flores A, Aguirre C, Strauss W, Angles R, Mas-Coma S, 1997. Presence of very high prevalence and intensity of infection with Fasciola hepatica among Aymara children from the Northern Bolivian Altiplano. Acta Trop 66: 1–14.
Mas-Coma S, Funatsu IR, Bargues MD, 2001. Fasciola hepatica and lymnaeid snails occurring at very high altitude in South America. Parasitology 123 (Suppl): S115–S127.
Fürst T, Keiser J, Utzinger J, 2012. Global burden of human food-borne trematodiasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 12: 210–221.
Marcos LA, Terashima A, Leguia G, Canales M, Espinoza JR, Gotuzzo E, 2007. La Infeccion por Fasciola hepatica en el Peru: una enfermedad emergente. [In Spanish]. Rev Gastroenterol Peru 27: 389–396.
Cabada MM, Lopez M, Arque E, Clinton White A, 2014. Prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths after mass albendazole administration in an indigenous community of the Manu jungle in Peru. Pathog Glob Health 108: 200–205.
Ohl-Schacherer JS, Glenn H, Kaplan Peres CA, Levi T, Yu DW, 2007. The sustainability of subsistence hunting by Matsigenka native communities in Manu National Park, Peru. Conserv Biol 21: 1174–1185.
Shepard GH, 1999. Pharmacognosy and the Senses in Two Amazonian Societies. University of California, Berkeley and the University of California, San Francisco. Available at: https://books.google.com/books?id=MgaOPAAACAAJ. Accessed December 14, 2015.
Zavaleta C, Fernández C, Konda K, Valderrama Y, Vermund SH, Gotuzzo E, 2007. High prevalence of HIV and syphilis in a remote native community of the Peruvian Amazon. Am J Trop Med Hyg 76: 703–705.
Mas-Coma S, Bargues MD, Valero MA, 2005. Fascioliasis and other plant-borne trematode zoonoses. Int J Parasitol 35: 1255–1278.
Magnanou E, Fons R, Feliu C, Morand S, 2006. Physiological responses of insular wild black rat (Rattus rattus) to natural infection by the digenean trematode Fasciola hepatica. Parasitol Res 99: 97–101.
Farag HF, El Sayad MH, 1995. Biomphalaria alexandrina naturally infected with Fasciola gigantica in Egypt. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 89: 36.
Dittmat K, 2002. Arthropod and helminth parasites of the wild Guinea pig, Cavia aperea, from the Andes and the cordillera in Peru, South America. J Parasitol 88: 409–411.
Valero MA, Panova M, Comes AM, Fons R, Mas-Coma S, 2002. Patterns in size and shedding of Fasciola hepatica eggs by naturally and experimentally infected murid rodents. J Parasitol 88: 308–313.
Fuentes MV, Valero MA, Bargues MD, Esteban JG, Angles R, Mas-Coma S, 1999. Analysis of climatic data and forecast indices for human fascioliasis at very high altitude. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 93: 835–850.
Fuentes MV, Malone JB, Mas-Coma S, 2001. Validation of a mapping and predicting model for human fasciolosis transmission in Andean very high altitude endemic areas using remote sensing data. Acta Trop 79: 87–95.
Ampuero-Leon A. Evaluacion de la fauna malacologica en la cuenca del rio Madre de Dios [In Spanish]. Available at: http://tambopata.org.uk/onewebmedia/A.Ampuero%20Report.pdf. Accessed September 1, 2015.
Ramirez R, Paredes C, Arenas J, 2003. Moluscos del Peru [In Spanish]. Revista de Biologia Tropical 51: 225–284 (Online). Available at: http://www.ots.ac.cr/rbt/pages/suppl/sup51-3.html. Accessed September 1, 2015.
Medeiros C, Scholte RG, Davila S, Caldeira RL, Carvalho O dos S, 2014. Spatial distribution of Lymnaeidae (Mollusca, Basommatophora), intermediate host of Fasciola hepatica Linnaeus, 1758 (Trematoda, Digenea) in Brazil. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 56: 235–252.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 334 | 250 | 10 |
Full Text Views | 439 | 10 | 0 |
PDF Downloads | 232 | 10 | 0 |