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Sustaining the Control of Schistosoma mansoni in Western Côte d'Ivoire: Baseline Findings Before the Implementation of a Randomized Trial
We report baseline findings before the implementation of a 4-year intervention trial designed to assess the impact of three different school-based treatment schedules with praziquantel to sustain the control of intestinal schistosomiasis. The baseline survey was conducted in 75 schools of western Côte d'Ivoire previously identified with moderate Schistosoma mansoni endemicity (prevalence: 10–24% in children aged 13–14 years). Three stool samples collected over consecutive days were subjected to duplicate Kato-Katz thick smears each. A questionnaire was administered to collect village-specific information that is relevant for schistosomiasis transmission. Overall, 4,953 first graders (aged 5–8 years) and 7,011 school children (aged 9–12 years) had complete parasitologic data. The overall prevalence of S. mansoni was 5.4% among first graders and 22.1% in 9- to 12-year-old children. Open defecation was practiced in all villages. The current baseline findings will be important to better understand the dynamics of S. mansoni prevalence and intensity over the course of this trial that might be governed by village characteristics and specific treatment interventions.
Author Notes
Financial support: This study received financial support from the Swiss Government through the Federal Commission for Scholarships for Foreign Students for a PhD fellowship granted to Rufin K. Assaré and the University of Georgia Research Foundation Inc., which is funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation for these Schistosomiasis Consortium for Operational Research and Evaluation (SCORE) projects (prime award no. 50816, sub-award no. RR374-053/4787986). Stefanie Knopp is financially supported by SCORE sub-award no. RR374-053/4893196.
Authors' addresses: Rufin K. Assaré, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, Unité de Formation et de Recherche Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, and Département Environnement et Santé, Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, E-mail: hrufinass@yahoo.fr. Eveline Hürlimann, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, and Département Environnement et Santé, Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, E-mail: eveline.huerlimann@unibas.ch. Mamadou Ouattara, Nicaise A. N'Guessan, Yves-Nathan T. Tian-Bi, Ahoua Yapi, and Patrick K. Yao, Unité de Formation et de Recherche Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, E-mails: mamadou_ouatt@yahoo.fr, nicaisayan@yahoo.fr, tianbyth@yahoo.fr, yapiah@yahoo.fr, and ykpatrick@yahoo.fr. Jean T. Coulibaly, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, and Unité de Formation et de Recherche, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, and Département Environnement et Santé, Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, E-mail: couljeanvae@yahoo.fr. Stefanie Knopp, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, and Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom, E-mail: s.knopp@unibas.ch. Eliézer K. N'Goran, Unité de Formation et de Recherche Biosciences, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, and Département Environnement et Santé, Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, E-mail: eliezerngoran@yahoo.fr. Jürg Utzinger, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, E-mail: juerg.utzinger@unibas.ch.