ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Goh KL, Chan WK, Shiota S, Yamaoka Y, 2011. Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection and public health implications. Helicobacter 16: 1–9.
-
2.
Pounder RE, Ng D, 1995. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in different countries. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 9: 33–39.
-
3.
Brown LM, 2000. Helicobacter pylori: epidemiology and routes of transmission. Epidemiol Rev 22: 283–297.
-
4.
Goodman KJ, Correa P, 1995. The transmission of Helicobacter pylori. A critical review of the evidence. Int J Epidemiol 24: 875–887.
-
5.
Boyanova L, 2011. Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection. Boyanova L, ed. Helicobacter pylori. Wymondham, England: Caister Academic Press, 135–159.
-
6.
Megraud F, 1995. Trasmission of Helicobacter pylori—fecal-oral versus oral-oral route. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 9: 85–91.
-
7.
BinSaeed AA, 2010. Is there a link between seropositivity to Helicobacter pylori and hepatitis A virus? A systematic review. Int J Infect Dis 14: E567–E571.
-
8.
Webb PM, Knight T, Newell DG, Elder JB, Forman D, 1996. Helicobacter pylori transmission: evidence from a comparison with hepatitis A virus. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 8: 439–441.
-
9.
Hazell SL, Mitchell HM, Hedges M, Shi X, Hu PJ, Li YY, Lee A, Reisslevy E, 1994. Hepatitis-A and evidence against the community dissemination of Helicobacter pylori via feces. J Infect Dis 170: 686–689.
-
10.
Parsonnet J, Shmuely H, Haggerty T, 1999. Fecal and oral shedding of Helicobacter pylori from healthy infected adults. JAMA 282: 2240–2245.
-
11.
Cellini L, Dainelli B, Angelucci D, Grossi L, Di Bartolomeo S, Di Campli E, Marzio L, 1999. Evidence for an oral-faecal transmission of Helicobacter pylori infection in an experimental murine model. APMIS 107: 477–484.
-
12.
De Schryver A, Van Winckel M, Cornelis K, Moens G, Devlies G, De Backer G, 2006. Helicobacter pylori infection: further evidence for the role of feco-oral transmission. Helicobacter 11: 523–528.
-
13.
Boyanova L, Mitov I, 2010. Geographic map and evolution of primary Helicobacter pylori resistance to antibacterial agents. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 8: 59–70.
-
14.
Grad YH, Lipsitch M, Aiello AE, 2012. Secular trends in Helicobacter pylori seroprevalence in adults in the United States: evidence for sustained race/ethnic disparities. Am J Epidemiol 175: 54–59.
-
15.
Johnson CL, Paulose-Ram R, Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Kruszon-Moran D, Dohrmann SM, Curtin LR, 2013. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: Analytic Guidelines, 1999–2010. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics.
-
16.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2008. C-Reactive Protein (CRP). NHANES: 1999–2000 Data Documentation, Codebook, and Frequencies. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes/nhanes1999-2000/LAB11.htm. Accessed October 3, 2013.
-
17.
Malaty HM, Tanaka E, Kumagai T, Ota H, Kiyosawa K, Graham DY, Katsuyama T, 2003. Seroepidemiology of Helicobacter pylori and hepatitis A virus and the mode of transmission of infection: a 9-year cohort study in rural Japan. Clin Infect Dis 37: 1067–1072.
-
18.
Moreira ED, Nassri VB, Santos RS, Matos JF, de Carvalho WA, Silvani CS, Sant'Ana CSE, 2005. Association of Helicobacter pylori infection and giardiasis: results from a study of surrogate markers for fecal exposure among children. World J Gastroenterol 11: 2759–2763.
-
19.
Hosmer DW, Hosmer T, leCessie S, Lemeshow S, 1997. A comparison of goodness-of-fit tests for the logistic regression model. Stat Med 16: 965–980.
-
20.
Rudi J, Toppe H, Marx N, Zuna I, Theilmann L, Stremmel W, Raedsch R, 1997. Risk of infection with Helicobacter pylori and hepatitis A virus in different groups of hospital workers. Am J Gastroenterol 92: 258–262.
-
21.
Fox JG, Batchelder M, Marini R, Yan L, Handt L, Li X, Shames B, Hayward A, Campbell J, Murphy JC, 1995. Helicobacter pylori-induced gastritis in the domestic cat. Infect Immun 63: 2674–2681.
-
22.
Handt LK, Fox JG, Dewhirst FE, Fraser GJ, Paster BJ, Yan LL, Rozmiarek H, Rufo R, Stalis IH, 1994. Helicobacter pylori isolated from the domestic cat—public-health implications. Infect Immun 62: 2367–2374.
-
23.
Chen LK, Hwang SJ, Wu TC, Chu CH, Shaw CK, 2003. Helicobacter pylori and hepatitis A virus infection in school-aged children on two isolated neighborhood islands in Taiwan. Helicobacter 8: 168–172.
-
24.
Egemen A, Yilmaz O, Akil I, Altuglu I, 2006. Evaluation of association between hepatitis A and Helicobacter pylori infections and routes of transmission. Turk J Pediatr 48: 135–139.
-
25.
Lin H-Y, Chuang C-K, Lee H-C, Chin N-C, Lin S-P, Yeung C-Y, 2005. A Seroepidemiologic study of Helicobacter pylori and hepatitis A virus infection in primary school students in Taipei. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 38: 176–182.
-
26.
Furuta T, Kamata T, Takashima M, Futami H, Arai H, Hanai H, Kaneko E, 1997. Study of transmission routes of Helicobacter pylori in relation to seroprevalence of hepatitis A virus. J Clin Microbiol 35: 1891–1893.
-
27.
Stroffolini T, Rosmini F, Ferrigno L, Fortini M, D'Amelio R, Matricardi PM, 1998. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in a cohort of Italian military students. Epidemiol Infect 120: 151–155.
-
28.
Tosun SY, Kasirga E, Ertan P, Aksu S, 2003. Evidence against the fecal-oral route of transmission for Helicobacter pylori infection in childhood. Med Sci Monit 9: CR489–CR492.
-
29.
Lin DB, Tsai TP, Yang CC, Wang HM, Nieh WT, Ling UP, Changlai SP, You SL, Ho MS, Chen CJ, 2000. Association between seropositivity of antibodies against hepatitis A virus and Helicobacter pylori. Am J Trop Med Hyg 63: 189–191.
-
30.
Leung W-K, Siu KLK, Kwok CKL, Chan S-Y, Sung R, Sung JJY, 1999. Isolation of Helicobacter pylori from vomitus in children and its implication in gastro-oral transmission. Am J Gastroenterol 94: 2881–2884.
-
31.
Landis JR, Koch GG, 1977. Measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics 33: 159–174.
-
32.
Luzza F, Imeneo M, Maletta M, Paluccio G, Giancotti A, Perticone F, Foca A, Pallone F, 1997. Seroepidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection and hepatitis A in a rural area: evidence against a common mode of transmission. Gut 41: 164–168.
-
33.
Yang YJ, Wang SM, Chen CT, Huang MC, Chang CJ, Liu CC, 2003. Lack of evidence for fecal-oral transmission of Helicobacter pylori infection in Taiwanese. J Formos Med Assoc 102: 375–378.
-
34.
Stapleton JT, 1995. Host immune-response to hepatitis A virus. J Infect Dis 171: S9–S14.
-
35.
Kosunen TU, Seppala K, Sarna S, Sipponen P, 1992. Diagnostic-value of decreasing IgG, IgA, and IgM antibody-titers after eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Lancet 339: 893–895.
-
36.
Cutler AF, Prasad VM, Santogade P, 1998. Four-year trends in Helicobacter pylori IgG serology following successful eradication. Am J Med 105: 18–20.
-
37.
Cutler AF, Prasad VM, 1996. Long-term follow-up of Helicobacter pylori serology after successful eradication. Am J Gastroenterol 91: 85–88.
-
38.
Broussard CS, Goodman KJ, Phillips CV, Smith MA, Fischbach LA, Day RS, Aragaki CC, 2009. Antibiotics taken for other illnesses and spontaneous clearance of Helicobacter pylori infection in children. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 18: 722–729.
-
39.
Duque X, Vilchis J, Mera R, Trejo-Valdivia B, Goodman KJ, Mendoza ME, Navarro F, Roque V, Moran S, Torres J, Correa P, 2012. Natural history of Helicobacter pylori infection in Mexican schoolchildren: incidence and spontaneous clearance. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 55: 209–216.
-
40.
Luzza F, Suraci E, Larussa T, Leone I, Imeneo M, 2014. High exposure, spontaneous clearance, and low incidence of active Helicobacter pylori infection: the Sorbo San Basile study. Helicobacter 19: 296–305.
-
41.
Zajacova A, Dowd JB, Aiello AE, 2009. Socioeconomic and race/ethnic patterns in persistent infection burden among U.S. adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 64: 272–279.
-
42.
Peleteiro B, Bastos A, Ferro A, Lunet N, 2014. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection worldwide: a systematic review of studies with national coverage. Dig Dis Sci 59: 1698–1709.
-
43.
Baaten GG, Sonder GJ, Van Der Loeff MF, Coutinho RA, Van Den Hoek A, 2010. Fecal-orally transmitted diseases among travelers are decreasing due to better hygienic standards at travel destination. J Travel Med 17: 322–328.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 2391 | 1963 | 63 |
| Full Text Views | 717 | 32 | 2 |
| PDF Downloads | 360 | 28 | 2 |
Serologic Evidence for Fecal–Oral Transmission of Helicobacter pylori
David Bui
David Bui
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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Heidi E. Brown
Heidi E. Brown
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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Robin B. Harris
Robin B. Harris
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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Eyal Oren
Eyal Oren
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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Helicobacter pylori infection is among the most prevalent infections in the world and a key cause of gastric diseases; however, its route of transmission remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the potential for fecal–oral transmission of H. pylori by leveraging its association with a disease with known etiology. Utilizing serology data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 1999; N = 6,347), the association between H. pylori and hepatitis A virus (HAV), a sensitive indicator for fecal–oral exposure, was assessed. Survey-weighted kappa and multiple logistic regression were used to quantify the association between H. pylori and HAV after controlling for age, sex, race, poverty, birthplace, crowding, smoking, and alcohol use. Concordant serological results were found among 69.8% of participants (survey-weighted κ = 0.30, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.26, 0.35). The adjusted odds of H. pylori seropositivity were over two times higher after adjusting for confounders (odds ratio = 2.27, 95% CI = 1.79, 2.87). Results from this study suggest H. pylori and HAV infections are strongly associated. Since HAV is primarily transmitted through the fecal–oral route, fecal–oral transmission may be an important pathway for H. pylori spread.
Author Notes
Authors' addresses: David Bui, Heidi E. Brown, Robin B. Harris, and Eyal Oren, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, E-mails: davidbui@email.arizona.edu, heidibrown@email.arizona.edu, rbharris@email.arizona.edu, and eoren@email.arizona.edu.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Goh KL, Chan WK, Shiota S, Yamaoka Y, 2011. Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection and public health implications. Helicobacter 16: 1–9.
-
2.
Pounder RE, Ng D, 1995. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in different countries. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 9: 33–39.
-
3.
Brown LM, 2000. Helicobacter pylori: epidemiology and routes of transmission. Epidemiol Rev 22: 283–297.
-
4.
Goodman KJ, Correa P, 1995. The transmission of Helicobacter pylori. A critical review of the evidence. Int J Epidemiol 24: 875–887.
-
5.
Boyanova L, 2011. Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection. Boyanova L, ed. Helicobacter pylori. Wymondham, England: Caister Academic Press, 135–159.
-
6.
Megraud F, 1995. Trasmission of Helicobacter pylori—fecal-oral versus oral-oral route. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 9: 85–91.
-
7.
BinSaeed AA, 2010. Is there a link between seropositivity to Helicobacter pylori and hepatitis A virus? A systematic review. Int J Infect Dis 14: E567–E571.
-
8.
Webb PM, Knight T, Newell DG, Elder JB, Forman D, 1996. Helicobacter pylori transmission: evidence from a comparison with hepatitis A virus. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 8: 439–441.
-
9.
Hazell SL, Mitchell HM, Hedges M, Shi X, Hu PJ, Li YY, Lee A, Reisslevy E, 1994. Hepatitis-A and evidence against the community dissemination of Helicobacter pylori via feces. J Infect Dis 170: 686–689.
-
10.
Parsonnet J, Shmuely H, Haggerty T, 1999. Fecal and oral shedding of Helicobacter pylori from healthy infected adults. JAMA 282: 2240–2245.
-
11.
Cellini L, Dainelli B, Angelucci D, Grossi L, Di Bartolomeo S, Di Campli E, Marzio L, 1999. Evidence for an oral-faecal transmission of Helicobacter pylori infection in an experimental murine model. APMIS 107: 477–484.
-
12.
De Schryver A, Van Winckel M, Cornelis K, Moens G, Devlies G, De Backer G, 2006. Helicobacter pylori infection: further evidence for the role of feco-oral transmission. Helicobacter 11: 523–528.
-
13.
Boyanova L, Mitov I, 2010. Geographic map and evolution of primary Helicobacter pylori resistance to antibacterial agents. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 8: 59–70.
-
14.
Grad YH, Lipsitch M, Aiello AE, 2012. Secular trends in Helicobacter pylori seroprevalence in adults in the United States: evidence for sustained race/ethnic disparities. Am J Epidemiol 175: 54–59.
-
15.
Johnson CL, Paulose-Ram R, Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Kruszon-Moran D, Dohrmann SM, Curtin LR, 2013. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: Analytic Guidelines, 1999–2010. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics.
-
16.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2008. C-Reactive Protein (CRP). NHANES: 1999–2000 Data Documentation, Codebook, and Frequencies. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes/nhanes1999-2000/LAB11.htm. Accessed October 3, 2013.
-
17.
Malaty HM, Tanaka E, Kumagai T, Ota H, Kiyosawa K, Graham DY, Katsuyama T, 2003. Seroepidemiology of Helicobacter pylori and hepatitis A virus and the mode of transmission of infection: a 9-year cohort study in rural Japan. Clin Infect Dis 37: 1067–1072.
-
18.
Moreira ED, Nassri VB, Santos RS, Matos JF, de Carvalho WA, Silvani CS, Sant'Ana CSE, 2005. Association of Helicobacter pylori infection and giardiasis: results from a study of surrogate markers for fecal exposure among children. World J Gastroenterol 11: 2759–2763.
-
19.
Hosmer DW, Hosmer T, leCessie S, Lemeshow S, 1997. A comparison of goodness-of-fit tests for the logistic regression model. Stat Med 16: 965–980.
-
20.
Rudi J, Toppe H, Marx N, Zuna I, Theilmann L, Stremmel W, Raedsch R, 1997. Risk of infection with Helicobacter pylori and hepatitis A virus in different groups of hospital workers. Am J Gastroenterol 92: 258–262.
-
21.
Fox JG, Batchelder M, Marini R, Yan L, Handt L, Li X, Shames B, Hayward A, Campbell J, Murphy JC, 1995. Helicobacter pylori-induced gastritis in the domestic cat. Infect Immun 63: 2674–2681.
-
22.
Handt LK, Fox JG, Dewhirst FE, Fraser GJ, Paster BJ, Yan LL, Rozmiarek H, Rufo R, Stalis IH, 1994. Helicobacter pylori isolated from the domestic cat—public-health implications. Infect Immun 62: 2367–2374.
-
23.
Chen LK, Hwang SJ, Wu TC, Chu CH, Shaw CK, 2003. Helicobacter pylori and hepatitis A virus infection in school-aged children on two isolated neighborhood islands in Taiwan. Helicobacter 8: 168–172.
-
24.
Egemen A, Yilmaz O, Akil I, Altuglu I, 2006. Evaluation of association between hepatitis A and Helicobacter pylori infections and routes of transmission. Turk J Pediatr 48: 135–139.
-
25.
Lin H-Y, Chuang C-K, Lee H-C, Chin N-C, Lin S-P, Yeung C-Y, 2005. A Seroepidemiologic study of Helicobacter pylori and hepatitis A virus infection in primary school students in Taipei. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 38: 176–182.
-
26.
Furuta T, Kamata T, Takashima M, Futami H, Arai H, Hanai H, Kaneko E, 1997. Study of transmission routes of Helicobacter pylori in relation to seroprevalence of hepatitis A virus. J Clin Microbiol 35: 1891–1893.
-
27.
Stroffolini T, Rosmini F, Ferrigno L, Fortini M, D'Amelio R, Matricardi PM, 1998. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in a cohort of Italian military students. Epidemiol Infect 120: 151–155.
-
28.
Tosun SY, Kasirga E, Ertan P, Aksu S, 2003. Evidence against the fecal-oral route of transmission for Helicobacter pylori infection in childhood. Med Sci Monit 9: CR489–CR492.
-
29.
Lin DB, Tsai TP, Yang CC, Wang HM, Nieh WT, Ling UP, Changlai SP, You SL, Ho MS, Chen CJ, 2000. Association between seropositivity of antibodies against hepatitis A virus and Helicobacter pylori. Am J Trop Med Hyg 63: 189–191.
-
30.
Leung W-K, Siu KLK, Kwok CKL, Chan S-Y, Sung R, Sung JJY, 1999. Isolation of Helicobacter pylori from vomitus in children and its implication in gastro-oral transmission. Am J Gastroenterol 94: 2881–2884.
-
31.
Landis JR, Koch GG, 1977. Measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics 33: 159–174.
-
32.
Luzza F, Imeneo M, Maletta M, Paluccio G, Giancotti A, Perticone F, Foca A, Pallone F, 1997. Seroepidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection and hepatitis A in a rural area: evidence against a common mode of transmission. Gut 41: 164–168.
-
33.
Yang YJ, Wang SM, Chen CT, Huang MC, Chang CJ, Liu CC, 2003. Lack of evidence for fecal-oral transmission of Helicobacter pylori infection in Taiwanese. J Formos Med Assoc 102: 375–378.
-
34.
Stapleton JT, 1995. Host immune-response to hepatitis A virus. J Infect Dis 171: S9–S14.
-
35.
Kosunen TU, Seppala K, Sarna S, Sipponen P, 1992. Diagnostic-value of decreasing IgG, IgA, and IgM antibody-titers after eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Lancet 339: 893–895.
-
36.
Cutler AF, Prasad VM, Santogade P, 1998. Four-year trends in Helicobacter pylori IgG serology following successful eradication. Am J Med 105: 18–20.
-
37.
Cutler AF, Prasad VM, 1996. Long-term follow-up of Helicobacter pylori serology after successful eradication. Am J Gastroenterol 91: 85–88.
-
38.
Broussard CS, Goodman KJ, Phillips CV, Smith MA, Fischbach LA, Day RS, Aragaki CC, 2009. Antibiotics taken for other illnesses and spontaneous clearance of Helicobacter pylori infection in children. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 18: 722–729.
-
39.
Duque X, Vilchis J, Mera R, Trejo-Valdivia B, Goodman KJ, Mendoza ME, Navarro F, Roque V, Moran S, Torres J, Correa P, 2012. Natural history of Helicobacter pylori infection in Mexican schoolchildren: incidence and spontaneous clearance. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 55: 209–216.
-
40.
Luzza F, Suraci E, Larussa T, Leone I, Imeneo M, 2014. High exposure, spontaneous clearance, and low incidence of active Helicobacter pylori infection: the Sorbo San Basile study. Helicobacter 19: 296–305.
-
41.
Zajacova A, Dowd JB, Aiello AE, 2009. Socioeconomic and race/ethnic patterns in persistent infection burden among U.S. adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 64: 272–279.
-
42.
Peleteiro B, Bastos A, Ferro A, Lunet N, 2014. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection worldwide: a systematic review of studies with national coverage. Dig Dis Sci 59: 1698–1709.
-
43.
Baaten GG, Sonder GJ, Van Der Loeff MF, Coutinho RA, Van Den Hoek A, 2010. Fecal-orally transmitted diseases among travelers are decreasing due to better hygienic standards at travel destination. J Travel Med 17: 322–328.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 2391 | 1963 | 63 |
| Full Text Views | 717 | 32 | 2 |
| PDF Downloads | 360 | 28 | 2 |