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Reference Manager
BibTeX
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-
1.
Fischer M, Lindsey N, Staples JE, Hills S, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2010. Japanese encephalitis vaccines: recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices (ACIP). MMWR Recomm Rep 59: 1–27.
-
2.
Seo HJ, Kim HC, Klein TA, Ramey AM, Lee JH, Kyung SG, Park JY, Cho YS, Cho IS, Yeh JY, 2013. Molecular detection and genotyping of Japanese encephalitis virus in mosquitoes during a 2010 outbreak in the Republic of Korea. PLoS One 8 e55165.
-
3.
Sohn YM, 2000. Japanese encephalitis immunization in South Korea: past, present, and future. Emerg Infect Dis 6: 17–24.
-
4.
Kim HC, Takhampunya R, Tippayachai B, Chong ST, Park JY, Kim MS, Seo HJ, Yeh JY, Lee WJ, Lee DK, Klein TA, 2015. Japanese encephalitis virus in culicine mosquitoes (diptera: Culicidae) of the Republic of Korea, 2008–2010. Mil Med 180: 158–167.
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5.
The Assistant Secretary of Defense, 2013. Guidance on the Use of Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine. Available at: http://www.vaccines.mil/Japanese_encephalitis. Accessed February 26, 2015.
-
6.
United States Forces Korea, 2015. USFK reg 40-562 Immunization and Chemoprophylaxis. Available at: https://www.vaccines.mil/documents/766USFKReg40_562.pdf. Accessed February 26, 2015.
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7.
Department of the Air Force, 2015. Guidance on the Use of Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine. Available at: http://www.vaccines.mil/documents/1783_AF_JE_Memo.pdf. Accessed on February 26, 2015.
-
8.
United States Forces Korea, 2015. USFK Reg. 40-7. Medical Services. Individual Medical Readiness (IMR), dated 1 May 2015. Available at: http://8tharmy.korea.army.mil/g1_AG/Programs_Policy/UploadedFile/USFK/USFK%20Reg%2040-7%20Individual%20Medical%20Readiness%2005122015.pdf. Accessed on May 22, 2015.
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9.
Kitchen LW, Vaughn DW, 2007. Role of U.S. military research programs in the development of U.S.-licensed vaccines for naturally occurring infectious diseases. Vaccine 25: 7017–7030.
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10.
Lincoln AF, Sivertson SE, 1952. Acute phase of Japanese B encephalitis; two hundred and one cases in American soldiers, Korea, 1950. J Am Med Assoc 150: 268–273.
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11.
65th Medical Brigade - Korea, 2008. DoD Global Emerging Infections System Partnering in the Fight Against Emerging Infections Annual Report Fiscal Year 2008. Available at: https://www.afhsc.mil/documents/pubs/documents/GEIS/GEISAnnRpt08.pdf. Accessed February 26, 2015.
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12.
Takhampunya R, Kim HC, Tippayachai B, Kengluecha A, Klein TA, Lee WJ, Greico J, Evans BP, 2011. Emergence of Japanese encephalitis virus genotype V in the Republic of Korea. Virol J 8: 449.
-
13.
Rubertone MV, Brundage JF, 2002. The defense medical surveillance system and the department of defense serum repository: glimpses of the future of public health surveillance. Am J Public Health 92: 1900–1904.
-
14.
Department of Defense, 2006. Department of Defense Instruction Number 6490.03. Available at: http://www.dtic.mil/whs/directives/corres/pdf/649003p.pdf. Accessed February 26, 2015.
-
15.
Kuwayama M, Ito M, Takao S, Shimazu Y, Fukuda S, Miyazaki K, Kurane I, Takasaki T, 2005. Japanese encephalitis virus in meningitis patients, Japan. Emerg Infect Dis 11: 471–473.
-
16.
Hills SL, Stoltey J, Martinez D, Kim PY, Sheriff H, Zangeneh A, Eilerman SR, Fischer M, 2014. A case series of three US adults with Japanese encephalitis, 2010–2012. J Travel Med 21: 310–313.
-
17.
Seo HJ, Kim HC, Klein TA, Ramey AM, Lee JH, Kyung SG, Park JY, Cho YS, Cho IS, Yeh JY, 2013. Molecular detection and genotyping of Japanese encephalitis virus in mosquitoes during a 2010 outbreak in the Republic of Korea. PLoS One 8: e55165.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 749 | 609 | 45 |
| Full Text Views | 273 | 6 | 3 |
| PDF Downloads | 56 | 7 | 3 |
Seroconversion to Japanese Encephalitis Virus Among U.S. Infantry Forces in Korea
Angelia A. Eick-Cost
Angelia A. Eick-Cost
Epidemiology and Analysis Division, Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, Silver Spring, Maryland; Force Health Protection and Preventive Medicine, 65th Medical Brigade, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Viral Disease Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
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Zheng Hu
Zheng Hu
Epidemiology and Analysis Division, Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, Silver Spring, Maryland; Force Health Protection and Preventive Medicine, 65th Medical Brigade, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Viral Disease Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
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Terry A. Klein
Terry A. Klein
Epidemiology and Analysis Division, Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, Silver Spring, Maryland; Force Health Protection and Preventive Medicine, 65th Medical Brigade, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Viral Disease Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
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Robert J. Putnak
Robert J. Putnak
Epidemiology and Analysis Division, Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, Silver Spring, Maryland; Force Health Protection and Preventive Medicine, 65th Medical Brigade, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Viral Disease Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
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Richard G. Jarman
Richard G. Jarman
Epidemiology and Analysis Division, Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, Silver Spring, Maryland; Force Health Protection and Preventive Medicine, 65th Medical Brigade, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Viral Disease Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
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Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is endemic in the Republic of Korea (ROK), posing a medical threat to more than 29,000 U.S. Forces military personnel currently deployed in the ROK. The objective of this study was to provide data on the risk of JEV exposure among U.S. Forces in the ROK. One thousand U.S. Army Soldiers were randomly selected for the study from the cohort of infantry Soldiers deployed in the ROK for a period of at least 330 days from 2008 to 2011. Pre- and post-deployment serum specimens were tested for the presence of JEV antibodies by plaque reduction neutralization test. A total of 2/1,000 (0.2%) U.S. Army Soldiers post-deployment specimens tested positive for JEV antibody. Results from the pre-deployment specimens indicated one true seroconversion and one with titers suggestive of a JEV infection. These results indicate a low, but nonzero risk of JEV exposure among U.S. Army Soldiers in the ROK.
Author Notes
Financial support: This study was funded by the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, Division of Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System.
Authors' addresses: Angelia A. Eick-Cost and Zheng Hu, Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, Silver Spring, MD, E-mails: angelia.a.cost.ctr@mail.mil and zheng.hu.ctr@mail.mil. Terry A. Klein, 65th Medical Brigade, Force Health Protections and Preventive Medicine, Seoul, Korea, E-mail: terry.a.klein2.civ@mail.mil. Robert J. Putnak and Richard G. Jarman, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, E-mails: j.r.putnak.ctr@mail.mil and richard.g.jarman.mil@mail.mil.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Fischer M, Lindsey N, Staples JE, Hills S, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2010. Japanese encephalitis vaccines: recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices (ACIP). MMWR Recomm Rep 59: 1–27.
-
2.
Seo HJ, Kim HC, Klein TA, Ramey AM, Lee JH, Kyung SG, Park JY, Cho YS, Cho IS, Yeh JY, 2013. Molecular detection and genotyping of Japanese encephalitis virus in mosquitoes during a 2010 outbreak in the Republic of Korea. PLoS One 8 e55165.
-
3.
Sohn YM, 2000. Japanese encephalitis immunization in South Korea: past, present, and future. Emerg Infect Dis 6: 17–24.
-
4.
Kim HC, Takhampunya R, Tippayachai B, Chong ST, Park JY, Kim MS, Seo HJ, Yeh JY, Lee WJ, Lee DK, Klein TA, 2015. Japanese encephalitis virus in culicine mosquitoes (diptera: Culicidae) of the Republic of Korea, 2008–2010. Mil Med 180: 158–167.
-
5.
The Assistant Secretary of Defense, 2013. Guidance on the Use of Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine. Available at: http://www.vaccines.mil/Japanese_encephalitis. Accessed February 26, 2015.
-
6.
United States Forces Korea, 2015. USFK reg 40-562 Immunization and Chemoprophylaxis. Available at: https://www.vaccines.mil/documents/766USFKReg40_562.pdf. Accessed February 26, 2015.
-
7.
Department of the Air Force, 2015. Guidance on the Use of Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine. Available at: http://www.vaccines.mil/documents/1783_AF_JE_Memo.pdf. Accessed on February 26, 2015.
-
8.
United States Forces Korea, 2015. USFK Reg. 40-7. Medical Services. Individual Medical Readiness (IMR), dated 1 May 2015. Available at: http://8tharmy.korea.army.mil/g1_AG/Programs_Policy/UploadedFile/USFK/USFK%20Reg%2040-7%20Individual%20Medical%20Readiness%2005122015.pdf. Accessed on May 22, 2015.
-
9.
Kitchen LW, Vaughn DW, 2007. Role of U.S. military research programs in the development of U.S.-licensed vaccines for naturally occurring infectious diseases. Vaccine 25: 7017–7030.
-
10.
Lincoln AF, Sivertson SE, 1952. Acute phase of Japanese B encephalitis; two hundred and one cases in American soldiers, Korea, 1950. J Am Med Assoc 150: 268–273.
-
11.
65th Medical Brigade - Korea, 2008. DoD Global Emerging Infections System Partnering in the Fight Against Emerging Infections Annual Report Fiscal Year 2008. Available at: https://www.afhsc.mil/documents/pubs/documents/GEIS/GEISAnnRpt08.pdf. Accessed February 26, 2015.
-
12.
Takhampunya R, Kim HC, Tippayachai B, Kengluecha A, Klein TA, Lee WJ, Greico J, Evans BP, 2011. Emergence of Japanese encephalitis virus genotype V in the Republic of Korea. Virol J 8: 449.
-
13.
Rubertone MV, Brundage JF, 2002. The defense medical surveillance system and the department of defense serum repository: glimpses of the future of public health surveillance. Am J Public Health 92: 1900–1904.
-
14.
Department of Defense, 2006. Department of Defense Instruction Number 6490.03. Available at: http://www.dtic.mil/whs/directives/corres/pdf/649003p.pdf. Accessed February 26, 2015.
-
15.
Kuwayama M, Ito M, Takao S, Shimazu Y, Fukuda S, Miyazaki K, Kurane I, Takasaki T, 2005. Japanese encephalitis virus in meningitis patients, Japan. Emerg Infect Dis 11: 471–473.
-
16.
Hills SL, Stoltey J, Martinez D, Kim PY, Sheriff H, Zangeneh A, Eilerman SR, Fischer M, 2014. A case series of three US adults with Japanese encephalitis, 2010–2012. J Travel Med 21: 310–313.
-
17.
Seo HJ, Kim HC, Klein TA, Ramey AM, Lee JH, Kyung SG, Park JY, Cho YS, Cho IS, Yeh JY, 2013. Molecular detection and genotyping of Japanese encephalitis virus in mosquitoes during a 2010 outbreak in the Republic of Korea. PLoS One 8: e55165.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 749 | 609 | 45 |
| Full Text Views | 273 | 6 | 3 |
| PDF Downloads | 56 | 7 | 3 |