- Introduction
- Material and Methods
- Results
- Demographic data, clinical characteristics, and Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium analysis.
- Distribution of CCL5 alleles and genotypes among cases with severe EV71 disease and asymptomatic control subjects.
- The association between polymorphisms of candidate genes and the severity of EV71 infection.
- The association of CCL5 haplotypes with severe EV71 disease.
- Discussion
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Ho M, Chen ER, Hsu KH, Twu SJ, Chen KT, Tsai SF, Wang JR, Shih SR, 1999. An epidemic of enterovirus 71 infection in Taiwan. Taiwan Enterovirus Epidemic Working Group. N Engl J Med 341: 929–935.
-
2.
Wu Y, Yeo A, Phoon MC, Tan EL, Poh CL, Quak SH, Chow VT, 2010. The largest outbreak of hand; foot and mouth disease in Singapore in 2008: the role of enterovirus 71 and coxsackievirus A strains. Int J Infect Dis 14: e1076–e1081.
-
3.
Chumakov M, Voroshilova M, Shindarov L, Lavrova I, Gracheva L, Koroleva G, Vasilenko S, Brodvarova I, Nikolova M, Gyurova S, Gacheva M, Mitov G, Ninov N, Tsylka E, Robinson I, Frolova M, Bashkirtsev V, Martiyanova L, Rodin V, 1979. Enterovirus 71 isolated from cases of epidemic poliomyelitis-like disease in Bulgaria. Arch Virol 60: 329–340.
-
4.
Yang F, Ren L, Xiong Z, Li J, Xiao Y, Zhao R, He Y, Bu G, Zhou S, Wang J, Qi J, 2009. Enterovirus 71 outbreak in the People's Republic of China in 2008. J Clin Microbiol 47: 2351–2352.
-
5.
Ooi MH, Wong SC, Lewthwaite P, Cardosa MJ, Solomon T, 2010. Clinical features, diagnosis, and management of enterovirus 71. Lancet Neurol 9: 1097–1105.
-
6.
Chan KP, Goh KT, Chong CY, Teo ES, Lau G, Ling AE, 2003. Epidemic hand, foot and mouth disease caused by human enterovirus 71, Singapore. Emerg Infect Dis 9: 78–85.
-
7.
Wang SM, Lei HY, Huang KJ, Wu JM, Wang JR, Yu CK, Su IJ, Liu CC, 2003. Pathogenesis of enterovirus 71 brainstem encephalitis in pediatric patients: roles of cytokines and cellular immune activation in patients with pulmonary edema. J Infect Dis 188: 564–570.
-
8.
Gong X, Zhou J, Zhu W, Liu N, Li J, Li L, Jin Y, Duan Z, 2012. Excessive proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine responses of human monocyte-derived macrophages to enterovirus 71 infection. BMC Infect Dis 12: 224.
-
9.
Berkman N, Krishnan VL, Gilbey T, Newton R, O'Connor B, Barnes PJ, Chung KF, 1996. Expression of RANTES mRNA and protein in airways of patients with mild asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 154: 1804–1811.
-
10.
Fryer AA, Spiteri MA, Bianco A, Hepple M, Jones PW, Strange RC, Makki R, Tavernier G, Smilie FI, Custovic A, Woodcock AA, Ollier WE, Hajeer AH, 2000. The -403 G → A promoter polymorphism in the RANTES gene is associated with atopy and asthma. Genes Immun 1: 509–514.
-
11.
Chu SF, Tam CM, Wong HS, Kam KM, Lau YL, Chiang AK, 2007. Association between RANTES functional polymorphisms and tuberculosis in Hong Kong Chinese. Genes Immun 8: 475–479.
-
12.
Amanatidou V, Sourvinos G, Apostolakis S, Neonaki P, Tsilimigaki A, Krambovitis E, Spandidos DA, 2008. RANTES promoter gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to severe respiratory syncytial virus-induced bronchiolitis. Pediatr Infect Dis J 27: 38–42.
-
13.
Nickel RG, Casolaro V, Wahn U, Beyer K, Barnes KC, Plunkett BS, Freidhoff LR, Sengler C, Plitt JR, Schleimer RP, Caraballo L, Naidu RP, Levett PN, Beaty TH, Huang SK, 2000. Atopic dermatitis is associated with a functional mutation in the promoter of the C-C chemokine RANTES. J Immunol 164: 1612–1616.
-
14.
An P, Nelson GW, Wang L, Donfield S, Goedert JJ, Phair J, Vlahov D, Buchbinder S, Farrar WL, Modi W, O'Brien SJ, Winkler CA, 2002. Modulating influence on HIV/AIDS by interacting RANTES gene variants. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99: 10002–10007.
-
15.
Pang L, Gong X, Liu N, Xie G, Gao W, Kong G, Li X, Zhang J, Jin Y, Duan Z, 2014. A polymorphism in melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 may be a risk factor for enterovirus 71 infection. Clin Microbiol Infect 20: O711–O717.
-
16.
Yang KD, Yang MY, Li CC, Lin SF, Chong MC, Wang CL, Chen RF, Lin TY, 2001. Altered cellular but not humoral reactions in children with complicated enterovirus 71 infections in Taiwan. J Infect Dis 183: 850–856.
-
17.
Chang LY, Chang IS, Chen WJ, Huang YC, Chen GW, Shih SR, Juang JL, Shih HM, Hsiung CA, Lin TY, Huang LM, 2008. HLA-A33 is associated with susceptibility to enterovirus 71 infection. Pediatrics 122: 1271–1276.
-
18.
Yang J, Zhao N, Su NL, Sun JL, Lv TG, Chen ZB, 2012. Association of interleukin 10 and interferon gamma gene polymorphisms with enterovirus 71 encephalitis in patients with hand, foot and mouth disease. Scand J Infect Dis 44: 465–469.
-
19.
Zhang X, Xu H, Chen X, Li X, Wang X, Ding S, Zhang R, Liu L, He C, Zhuang L, Li H, Zhang P, Yang H, Li T, Liu W, Cao W, 2014. Association of functional polymorphisms in the MxA gene with susceptibility to enterovirus 71 infection. Hum Genet 133: 187–197.
-
20.
Li JA, Chen ZB, Lv TG, Han ZL, Liu PP, 2013. Impact of endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphism on severity of enterovirus 71-infection in Chinese children. Clin Biochem 46: 1842–1847.
-
21.
Sole X, Guino E, Valls J, Iniesta R, Moreno V, 2006. SNPStats: a web tool for the analysis of association studies. Bioinformatics 22: 1928–1929.
-
22.
Wu JM, Wang JN, Tsai YC, Liu CC, Huang CC, Chen YJ, Yeh TF, 2002. Cardiopulmonary manifestations of fulminant enterovirus 71 infection. Pediatrics 109: E26.
-
23.
Huang FL, Jan SL, Chen PY, Chi CS, Wang TM, Fu YC, Tsai CR, Chang Y, 2002. Left ventricular dysfunction in children with fulminant enterovirus 71 infection: an evaluation of the clinical course. Clin Infect Dis 34: 1020–1024.
-
24.
Lin TY, Hsia SH, Huang YC, Wu CT, Chang LY, 2003. Proinflammatory cytokine reactions in enterovirus 71 infections of the central nervous system. Clin Infect Dis 36: 269–274.
-
25.
Lin TY, Chang LY, Huang YC, Hsu KH, Chiu CH, Yang KD, 2002. Different proinflammatory reactions in fatal and non-fatal enterovirus 71 infections: implications for early recognition and therapy. Acta Paediatr 91: 632–635.
-
26.
Chang LY, Hsiung CA, Lu CY, Lin TY, Huang FY, Lai YH, Chiang YP, Chiang BL, Lee CY, Huang LM, 2006. Status of cellular rather than humoral immunity is correlated with clinical outcome of enterovirus 71. Pediatr Res 60: 466–471.
-
27.
Wang SM, Lei HY, Yu CK, Wang JR, Su IJ, Liu CC, 2008. Acute chemokine response in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid of children with enterovirus 71-associated brainstem encephalitis. J Infect Dis 198: 1002–1006.
-
28.
Hellier S, Frodsham AJ, Hennig BJ, Klenerman P, Knapp S, Ramaley P, Satsangi J, Wright M, Zhang L, Thomas HC, Thursz M, Hill AV, 2003. Association of genetic variants of the chemokine receptor CCR5 and its ligands, RANTES and MCP-2, with outcome of HCV infection. Hepatology 38: 1468–1476.
-
29.
Tian M, Liu F, Wen GY, Shi SY, Chen RH, Zhao DY, 2009. Effect of variation in RANTES promoter on serum RANTES levels and risk of recurrent wheezing after RSV bronchiolitis in children from Han, southern China. Eur J Pediatr 168: 963–967.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 904 | 866 | 29 |
| Full Text Views | 269 | 9 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 61 | 5 | 0 |
Association of Chemotactic Chemokine Ligand 5 Polymorphisms with the Risk of Developing Severe Enterovirus 71 Infection
Mao-zhong Li
Mao-zhong Li
National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Beijing, China; Ji'nan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ji'nan, China; National Center for Public Health Surveillance and Information Services, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Nanjing Children's Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
Search for other papers by Mao-zhong Li in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Mao-zhong Li in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Li-li Pang
Li-li Pang
National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Beijing, China; Ji'nan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ji'nan, China; National Center for Public Health Surveillance and Information Services, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Nanjing Children's Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
Search for other papers by Li-li Pang in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Li-li Pang in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Ai-ying Bai
Ai-ying Bai
National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Beijing, China; Ji'nan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ji'nan, China; National Center for Public Health Surveillance and Information Services, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Nanjing Children's Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
Search for other papers by Ai-ying Bai in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Ai-ying Bai in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Shi-cheng Yu
Shi-cheng Yu
National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Beijing, China; Ji'nan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ji'nan, China; National Center for Public Health Surveillance and Information Services, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Nanjing Children's Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
Search for other papers by Shi-cheng Yu in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Shi-cheng Yu in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Xun Gong
Xun Gong
National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Beijing, China; Ji'nan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ji'nan, China; National Center for Public Health Surveillance and Information Services, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Nanjing Children's Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
Search for other papers by Xun Gong in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Xun Gong in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Na Liu
Na Liu
National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Beijing, China; Ji'nan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ji'nan, China; National Center for Public Health Surveillance and Information Services, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Nanjing Children's Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
Search for other papers by Na Liu in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Na Liu in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Kun Cai
Kun Cai
National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Beijing, China; Ji'nan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ji'nan, China; National Center for Public Health Surveillance and Information Services, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Nanjing Children's Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
Search for other papers by Kun Cai in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Kun Cai in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Guang-cheng Xie
Guang-cheng Xie
National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Beijing, China; Ji'nan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ji'nan, China; National Center for Public Health Surveillance and Information Services, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Nanjing Children's Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
Search for other papers by Guang-cheng Xie in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Guang-cheng Xie in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Wen-juan Gao
Wen-juan Gao
National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Beijing, China; Ji'nan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ji'nan, China; National Center for Public Health Surveillance and Information Services, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Nanjing Children's Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
Search for other papers by Wen-juan Gao in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Wen-juan Gao in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Yu Jin
Yu Jin
National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Beijing, China; Ji'nan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ji'nan, China; National Center for Public Health Surveillance and Information Services, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Nanjing Children's Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
Search for other papers by Yu Jin in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Yu Jin in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Zhao-jun Duan
Zhao-jun Duan
National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Beijing, China; Ji'nan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ji'nan, China; National Center for Public Health Surveillance and Information Services, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China; Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; Nanjing Children's Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
Search for other papers by Zhao-jun Duan in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Zhao-jun Duan in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Respiratory damage is a main manifestation of severe Enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection. Polymorphisms of -403G/A (rs2107538), -28C/G (rs2280788), and In1.1T/C (rs2280789) in chemotactic chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) have linked with many respiratory diseases. In this study, we explored the possible correlation of CCL5 polymorphisms with severe EV71 infection. Blood samples were obtained from 87 children hospitalized for EV71 infection. Fifty-seven healthy children were enrolled as asymptomatic controls. Genotype and allele frequencies were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. There were statistically significant differences in polymorphisms of CCL5 -403G/A and In1.1T/C for dominant model (P = 0.016; P = 0.027) and additive model (P = 0.010; P = 0.019) between patients with severe EV71 infection and asymptomatic controls. With ordinal logistic regression model analysis, statistically significant differences were found between polymorphisms of CCL5 (-403G/A) (P = 0.034) with the severity of EV71 infection after adjusting for age. The frequency of A-C-C haplotype was significantly higher in EV71 infection patients than controls (P = 0.032). These results suggest that CCL5 -403G/A and In1.1T/C polymorphisms may contribute to severe EV71 infection and individuals with haplotype of A-C-C may exhibit higher risk of developing severe EV71 infection. These findings may provide insights into pathogenic and protective mechanisms of severe EV71 infection.
Author Notes
Financial support: The work was supported by China Mega-Project for Infectious Disease (grant no. 2014ZX10004002-004) and China Mega-Project for Infectious Disease (grant no. 2011ZX10004-001).
Authors' addresses: Mao-zhong Li, Li-li Pang, Na Liu, Kun Cai, Guang-cheng Xie, Wen-juan Gao, and Zhao-jun Duan, Department of Viral Diarrhea, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China, E-mails: maozhonglee@163.com, cactusea@163.com, unali@163.com, 382068374@qq.com, xieguangcheng123@126.com, gaowj828@126.com, and zhaojund@126.com. Ai-ying Bai, Ji'nan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ji'nan, China, E-mail: baiaiying111@163.com. Shi-cheng Yu, National Center for Public Health Surveillance and Information Services, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China, E-mail: shicheng_yu@hotmail.com. Xun Gong, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, E-mail: gongxun8269@163.com. Yu Jin, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China, E-mail: jinyuldyy@163.com.
- Introduction
- Material and Methods
- Results
- Demographic data, clinical characteristics, and Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium analysis.
- Distribution of CCL5 alleles and genotypes among cases with severe EV71 disease and asymptomatic control subjects.
- The association between polymorphisms of candidate genes and the severity of EV71 infection.
- The association of CCL5 haplotypes with severe EV71 disease.
- Discussion
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Ho M, Chen ER, Hsu KH, Twu SJ, Chen KT, Tsai SF, Wang JR, Shih SR, 1999. An epidemic of enterovirus 71 infection in Taiwan. Taiwan Enterovirus Epidemic Working Group. N Engl J Med 341: 929–935.
-
2.
Wu Y, Yeo A, Phoon MC, Tan EL, Poh CL, Quak SH, Chow VT, 2010. The largest outbreak of hand; foot and mouth disease in Singapore in 2008: the role of enterovirus 71 and coxsackievirus A strains. Int J Infect Dis 14: e1076–e1081.
-
3.
Chumakov M, Voroshilova M, Shindarov L, Lavrova I, Gracheva L, Koroleva G, Vasilenko S, Brodvarova I, Nikolova M, Gyurova S, Gacheva M, Mitov G, Ninov N, Tsylka E, Robinson I, Frolova M, Bashkirtsev V, Martiyanova L, Rodin V, 1979. Enterovirus 71 isolated from cases of epidemic poliomyelitis-like disease in Bulgaria. Arch Virol 60: 329–340.
-
4.
Yang F, Ren L, Xiong Z, Li J, Xiao Y, Zhao R, He Y, Bu G, Zhou S, Wang J, Qi J, 2009. Enterovirus 71 outbreak in the People's Republic of China in 2008. J Clin Microbiol 47: 2351–2352.
-
5.
Ooi MH, Wong SC, Lewthwaite P, Cardosa MJ, Solomon T, 2010. Clinical features, diagnosis, and management of enterovirus 71. Lancet Neurol 9: 1097–1105.
-
6.
Chan KP, Goh KT, Chong CY, Teo ES, Lau G, Ling AE, 2003. Epidemic hand, foot and mouth disease caused by human enterovirus 71, Singapore. Emerg Infect Dis 9: 78–85.
-
7.
Wang SM, Lei HY, Huang KJ, Wu JM, Wang JR, Yu CK, Su IJ, Liu CC, 2003. Pathogenesis of enterovirus 71 brainstem encephalitis in pediatric patients: roles of cytokines and cellular immune activation in patients with pulmonary edema. J Infect Dis 188: 564–570.
-
8.
Gong X, Zhou J, Zhu W, Liu N, Li J, Li L, Jin Y, Duan Z, 2012. Excessive proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine responses of human monocyte-derived macrophages to enterovirus 71 infection. BMC Infect Dis 12: 224.
-
9.
Berkman N, Krishnan VL, Gilbey T, Newton R, O'Connor B, Barnes PJ, Chung KF, 1996. Expression of RANTES mRNA and protein in airways of patients with mild asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 154: 1804–1811.
-
10.
Fryer AA, Spiteri MA, Bianco A, Hepple M, Jones PW, Strange RC, Makki R, Tavernier G, Smilie FI, Custovic A, Woodcock AA, Ollier WE, Hajeer AH, 2000. The -403 G → A promoter polymorphism in the RANTES gene is associated with atopy and asthma. Genes Immun 1: 509–514.
-
11.
Chu SF, Tam CM, Wong HS, Kam KM, Lau YL, Chiang AK, 2007. Association between RANTES functional polymorphisms and tuberculosis in Hong Kong Chinese. Genes Immun 8: 475–479.
-
12.
Amanatidou V, Sourvinos G, Apostolakis S, Neonaki P, Tsilimigaki A, Krambovitis E, Spandidos DA, 2008. RANTES promoter gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to severe respiratory syncytial virus-induced bronchiolitis. Pediatr Infect Dis J 27: 38–42.
-
13.
Nickel RG, Casolaro V, Wahn U, Beyer K, Barnes KC, Plunkett BS, Freidhoff LR, Sengler C, Plitt JR, Schleimer RP, Caraballo L, Naidu RP, Levett PN, Beaty TH, Huang SK, 2000. Atopic dermatitis is associated with a functional mutation in the promoter of the C-C chemokine RANTES. J Immunol 164: 1612–1616.
-
14.
An P, Nelson GW, Wang L, Donfield S, Goedert JJ, Phair J, Vlahov D, Buchbinder S, Farrar WL, Modi W, O'Brien SJ, Winkler CA, 2002. Modulating influence on HIV/AIDS by interacting RANTES gene variants. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99: 10002–10007.
-
15.
Pang L, Gong X, Liu N, Xie G, Gao W, Kong G, Li X, Zhang J, Jin Y, Duan Z, 2014. A polymorphism in melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 may be a risk factor for enterovirus 71 infection. Clin Microbiol Infect 20: O711–O717.
-
16.
Yang KD, Yang MY, Li CC, Lin SF, Chong MC, Wang CL, Chen RF, Lin TY, 2001. Altered cellular but not humoral reactions in children with complicated enterovirus 71 infections in Taiwan. J Infect Dis 183: 850–856.
-
17.
Chang LY, Chang IS, Chen WJ, Huang YC, Chen GW, Shih SR, Juang JL, Shih HM, Hsiung CA, Lin TY, Huang LM, 2008. HLA-A33 is associated with susceptibility to enterovirus 71 infection. Pediatrics 122: 1271–1276.
-
18.
Yang J, Zhao N, Su NL, Sun JL, Lv TG, Chen ZB, 2012. Association of interleukin 10 and interferon gamma gene polymorphisms with enterovirus 71 encephalitis in patients with hand, foot and mouth disease. Scand J Infect Dis 44: 465–469.
-
19.
Zhang X, Xu H, Chen X, Li X, Wang X, Ding S, Zhang R, Liu L, He C, Zhuang L, Li H, Zhang P, Yang H, Li T, Liu W, Cao W, 2014. Association of functional polymorphisms in the MxA gene with susceptibility to enterovirus 71 infection. Hum Genet 133: 187–197.
-
20.
Li JA, Chen ZB, Lv TG, Han ZL, Liu PP, 2013. Impact of endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphism on severity of enterovirus 71-infection in Chinese children. Clin Biochem 46: 1842–1847.
-
21.
Sole X, Guino E, Valls J, Iniesta R, Moreno V, 2006. SNPStats: a web tool for the analysis of association studies. Bioinformatics 22: 1928–1929.
-
22.
Wu JM, Wang JN, Tsai YC, Liu CC, Huang CC, Chen YJ, Yeh TF, 2002. Cardiopulmonary manifestations of fulminant enterovirus 71 infection. Pediatrics 109: E26.
-
23.
Huang FL, Jan SL, Chen PY, Chi CS, Wang TM, Fu YC, Tsai CR, Chang Y, 2002. Left ventricular dysfunction in children with fulminant enterovirus 71 infection: an evaluation of the clinical course. Clin Infect Dis 34: 1020–1024.
-
24.
Lin TY, Hsia SH, Huang YC, Wu CT, Chang LY, 2003. Proinflammatory cytokine reactions in enterovirus 71 infections of the central nervous system. Clin Infect Dis 36: 269–274.
-
25.
Lin TY, Chang LY, Huang YC, Hsu KH, Chiu CH, Yang KD, 2002. Different proinflammatory reactions in fatal and non-fatal enterovirus 71 infections: implications for early recognition and therapy. Acta Paediatr 91: 632–635.
-
26.
Chang LY, Hsiung CA, Lu CY, Lin TY, Huang FY, Lai YH, Chiang YP, Chiang BL, Lee CY, Huang LM, 2006. Status of cellular rather than humoral immunity is correlated with clinical outcome of enterovirus 71. Pediatr Res 60: 466–471.
-
27.
Wang SM, Lei HY, Yu CK, Wang JR, Su IJ, Liu CC, 2008. Acute chemokine response in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid of children with enterovirus 71-associated brainstem encephalitis. J Infect Dis 198: 1002–1006.
-
28.
Hellier S, Frodsham AJ, Hennig BJ, Klenerman P, Knapp S, Ramaley P, Satsangi J, Wright M, Zhang L, Thomas HC, Thursz M, Hill AV, 2003. Association of genetic variants of the chemokine receptor CCR5 and its ligands, RANTES and MCP-2, with outcome of HCV infection. Hepatology 38: 1468–1476.
-
29.
Tian M, Liu F, Wen GY, Shi SY, Chen RH, Zhao DY, 2009. Effect of variation in RANTES promoter on serum RANTES levels and risk of recurrent wheezing after RSV bronchiolitis in children from Han, southern China. Eur J Pediatr 168: 963–967.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 904 | 866 | 29 |
| Full Text Views | 269 | 9 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 61 | 5 | 0 |