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1.
WHO, 2013. Schistosomiasis: Progress Report 2001–2011 and Strategic Plan 2012–2020. WHO/HTM/NTD/PCT/2013.2. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
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Colley DG, Bustinduy AL, Secor WE, King CH, 2014. Human schistosomiasis. Lancet 383: 2253–2264.
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Hotez PJ, Kamath A, 2009. Neglected tropical diseases in sub-Saharan Africa: review of their prevalence, distribution, and disease burden. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 3: e412.
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4.
Mazigo HD, Nuwaha F, Kinung'hi SM, Morona D, de Moira AP, Wilson S, Heukelbach J, Dunne DW, 2012. Epidemiology and control of human schistosomiasis in Tanzania. Parasit Vectors 5: 274.
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WHO, 2006. Preventive Chemotherapy in Human Helminthiasis. Coordinated Use of Anthelminthic Drugs in Control Interventions: A Manual for Health Professionals and Programme Managers. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
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Lwambo NJS, Siza JE, Brooker S, Bundy DAP, Guyatt H, 1999. Patterns of concurrent hookworm infection and schistosomiasis in schoolchildren in Tanzania. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 93: 497–502.
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9.
Kinung'hi SM, Magnussen P, Kaatano GM, Kishamawe C, Vennervald BJ, 2014. Malaria and helminth co-infections in school and preschool children: a cross-sectional study in Magu district, north-western Tanzania. PLoS ONE 9: e86510.
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10.
Malenganisho WLM, Magnusen P, Friis H, Siza J, Kaatano G, Temu M, Vennervald BJ, 2008. Schistosoma mansoni morbidity among adults in two villages along Lake Victoria shores in Mwanza district, Tanzania. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 102: 532–541.
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11.
Dunne DW, Vennervald BJ, 2012. Schistosomiasis. Warrell DA, Cox TM, Firth JD, Török E, eds. Oxford Textbook of Medicine: Infection, 6th ed. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press, 831–841.
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12.
Utzinger J, Booth M, N'Goran EK, Müller I, Tanner M, Lengeler C, 2001. Relative contribution of day-to-day and intra-specimen variation in faecal egg counts of Schistosoma mansoni before and after treatment with praziquantel. Parasitology 122: 537–544.
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13.
Levecke B, Brooker SJ, Knopp S, Steinmann P, Sousa-Figueiredo JC, Stothard JR, Utzinger J, Vercruysse J, 2014. Effect of sampling and diagnostic effort on the assessment of schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis and drug efficacy: a meta-analysis of six drug efficacy trials and one epidemiological survey. Parasitology 141: 1826–1840.
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Schistosoma mansoni Infection Along the Coast of Lake Victoria in Mwanza Region, Tanzania
Annette Olsen
Annette Olsen
Parasitology and Aquatic Diseases, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza Research Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania
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Safari Kinung'hi
Safari Kinung'hi
Parasitology and Aquatic Diseases, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza Research Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania
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Pascal Magnussen
Pascal Magnussen
Parasitology and Aquatic Diseases, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza Research Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania
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Prevalence and intensity of Schistosoma mansoni infection according to age, sex, and occupation were investigated in 100 first-year students (aged 7–8 years), 100 schoolchildren (aged 9–12 years), and 50 adults (aged 20–55 years) from 149 villages. The schoolchildren provided three stool specimens while the rest provided only one specimen. A total of 31,865 individuals provided at least one specimen with an overall prevalence of 38.5% and geometric mean intensity of positives of 107.0 eggs per gram of feces. With the exception of first-year students, males had higher prevalence than females (P < 0.0005). Schoolchildren had higher prevalence than first-year students that again had higher prevalence than adults. There was no sex difference in intensities among the children, but adult males had higher intensities than adult females. Intensity among the children was higher than that of the adults (P < 0.0005). Prevalence was significantly higher in those having fishing as their main occupation. Three stools samples were obtained from 13,119 schoolchildren, resulting in a prevalence of 38.1% if only one sample was included, 47.5% including two samples, and 52.6% if all three samples were included.
Author Notes
Financial support: This study received financial support from the University of Georgia Research Foundation, Inc., which was funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation for the SCORE project.
Authors' addresses: Annette Olsen and Pascal Magnussen, Parasitology and Aquatic Diseases, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlaegevej, Frederiksberg C, Denmark, E-mails: aol@sund.ku.dk and pma@sund.ku.dk. Safari Kinung'hi, National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza Research Centre, Isamilo Road, Mwanza, Tanzania, E-mail: kinunghi_csm@hotmail.com.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
WHO, 2013. Schistosomiasis: Progress Report 2001–2011 and Strategic Plan 2012–2020. WHO/HTM/NTD/PCT/2013.2. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
2.
Colley DG, Bustinduy AL, Secor WE, King CH, 2014. Human schistosomiasis. Lancet 383: 2253–2264.
-
3.
Hotez PJ, Kamath A, 2009. Neglected tropical diseases in sub-Saharan Africa: review of their prevalence, distribution, and disease burden. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 3: e412.
-
4.
Mazigo HD, Nuwaha F, Kinung'hi SM, Morona D, de Moira AP, Wilson S, Heukelbach J, Dunne DW, 2012. Epidemiology and control of human schistosomiasis in Tanzania. Parasit Vectors 5: 274.
-
5.
WHO, 2006. Preventive Chemotherapy in Human Helminthiasis. Coordinated Use of Anthelminthic Drugs in Control Interventions: A Manual for Health Professionals and Programme Managers. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
6.
National Bureau of Statistics, 2012. Tanzania Population and Housing Census 2012. Available at: www.nbs.go.tz. Accessed January 25, 2015.
-
7.
Katz N, Chaves A, Pellegrino J, 1972. A simple device for quantitative stool thick-smear technique in schistosomiasis mansoni. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 14: 397–400.
-
8.
Lwambo NJS, Siza JE, Brooker S, Bundy DAP, Guyatt H, 1999. Patterns of concurrent hookworm infection and schistosomiasis in schoolchildren in Tanzania. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 93: 497–502.
-
9.
Kinung'hi SM, Magnussen P, Kaatano GM, Kishamawe C, Vennervald BJ, 2014. Malaria and helminth co-infections in school and preschool children: a cross-sectional study in Magu district, north-western Tanzania. PLoS ONE 9: e86510.
-
10.
Malenganisho WLM, Magnusen P, Friis H, Siza J, Kaatano G, Temu M, Vennervald BJ, 2008. Schistosoma mansoni morbidity among adults in two villages along Lake Victoria shores in Mwanza district, Tanzania. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 102: 532–541.
-
11.
Dunne DW, Vennervald BJ, 2012. Schistosomiasis. Warrell DA, Cox TM, Firth JD, Török E, eds. Oxford Textbook of Medicine: Infection, 6th ed. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press, 831–841.
-
12.
Utzinger J, Booth M, N'Goran EK, Müller I, Tanner M, Lengeler C, 2001. Relative contribution of day-to-day and intra-specimen variation in faecal egg counts of Schistosoma mansoni before and after treatment with praziquantel. Parasitology 122: 537–544.
-
13.
Levecke B, Brooker SJ, Knopp S, Steinmann P, Sousa-Figueiredo JC, Stothard JR, Utzinger J, Vercruysse J, 2014. Effect of sampling and diagnostic effort on the assessment of schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis and drug efficacy: a meta-analysis of six drug efficacy trials and one epidemiological survey. Parasitology 141: 1826–1840.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 48 | 48 | 7 |
| Full Text Views | 357 | 101 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 131 | 29 | 0 |