Haldar JP, Ghose S, Saha KC, Ghose AC, 1983. Cell-mediated immune response in Indian kala-azar and post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis. Infect Immun 42: 702–707.
Carvalho EM, Badaro R, Reed SG, Jones TC, Johnson WD Jr, 1985. Absence of gamma interferon and interleukin 2 production during active visceral leishmaniasis. J Clin Invest 76: 2066–2069.
Ghalib HW, Piuvezam MR, Skeiky YA, Siddig M, Hashim FA, el-Hassan AM, Russo DM, Reed SG, 1993. Interleukin 10 production correlates with pathology in human Leishmania donovani infections. J Clin Invest 92: 324–329.
Miles SA, Conrad SM, Alves RG, Jeronimo SM, Mosser DM, 2005. A role for IgG immune complexes during infection with the intracellular pathogen Leishmania. J Exp Med 201: 747–754.
Ghose AC, Haldar JP, Pal SC, Mishra BP, Mishra KK, 1980. Serological investigations on Indian kala-azar. Clin Exp Immunol 40: 318–326.
Tangye SG, Bryant VL, Cuss AK, Good KL, 2006. BAFF, APRIL and human B cell disorders. Semin Immunol 18: 305–317.
Zhang J, Roschke V, Baker KP, Wang Z, Alarcon GS, Fessler BJ, Bastian H, Kimberly RP, Zhou T, 2001. Cutting edge: a role for B lymphocyte stimulator in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Immunol 166: 6–10.
Groom J, Kalled SL, Cutler AH, Olson C, Woodcock SA, Schneider P, Tschopp J, Cachero TG, Batten M, Wheway J, Mauri D, Cavill D, Gordon TP, Mackay CR, Mackay F, 2002. Association of BAFF/BLyS overexpression and altered B cell differentiation with Sjogren's syndrome. J Clin Invest 109: 59–68.
Briones J, Timmerman JM, Hilbert DM, Levy R, 2002. BLyS and BLyS receptor expression in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Exp Hematol 30: 135–141.
Elsawa SF, Novak AJ, Grote DM, Ziesmer SC, Witzig TE, Kyle RA, Dillon SR, Harder B, Gross JA, Ansell SM, 2006. B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) stimulates immunoglobulin production and malignant B-cell growth in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. Blood 107: 2882–2888.
Nduati E, Gwela A, Karanja H, Mugyenyi C, Langhorne J, Marsh K, Urban BC, 2011. The plasma concentration of the B cell activating factor is increased in children with acute malaria. J Infect Dis 204: 962–970.
Matsushita T, Hasegawa M, Yanaba K, Kodera M, Takehara K, Sato S, 2006. Elevated serum BAFF levels in patients with systemic sclerosis: enhanced BAFF signaling in systemic sclerosis B lymphocytes. Arthritis Rheum 54: 192–201.
Bermejo DA, Amezcua-Vesely MC, Montes CL, Merino MC, Gehrau RC, Cejas H, Acosta-Rodriguez EV, Gruppi A, 2010. BAFF mediates splenic B cell response and antibody production in experimental Chagas disease. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 4: e679.
Goto Y, Carter D, Reed SG, 2008. Immunological dominance of Trypanosoma cruzi tandem repeat proteins. Infect Immun 76: 3967–3974.
Goto Y, Coler RN, Guderian J, Mohamath R, Reed SG, 2006. Cloning, characterization, and serodiagnostic evaluation of Leishmania infantum tandem repeat proteins. Infect Immun 74: 3939–3945.
Mackay F, Woodcock SA, Lawton P, Ambrose C, Baetscher M, Schneider P, Tschopp J, Browning JL, 1999. Mice transgenic for BAFF develop lymphocytic disorders along with autoimmune manifestations. J Exp Med 190: 1697–1710.
Doreau A, Belot A, Bastid J, Riche B, Trescol-Biemont MC, Ranchin B, Fabien N, Cochat P, Pouteil-Noble C, Trolliet P, Durieu I, Tebib J, Kassai B, Ansieau S, Puisieux A, Eliaou JF, Bonnefoy-Berard N, 2009. Interleukin 17 acts in synergy with B-cell activating factor to influence B cell biology and the pathophysiology of systemic lupus erythematosus. Nat Immunol 10: 778–785.
Scholzen A, Teirlinck AC, Bijker EM, Roestenberg M, Hermsen CC, Hoffman SL, Sauerwein RW, 2014. BAFF and BAFF receptor levels correlate with B cell subset activation and redistribution in controlled human malaria infection. J Immunol 192: 3719–3729.
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Elevation of serum B-cell activating factor (BAFF) is one of the characteristics of immunological disorders, including autoimmunity, but the levels of BAFF in infectious diseases have not been studied well. Here, we showed the elevation of serum BAFF in patients with visceral leishmaniasis (VL). The mean serum BAFF value in VL patients (4.65 ng/mL) was 4.3 times higher than that of healthy controls (1.08 ng/mL), and 90% of VL patients showed serum BAFF above the cutoff that was calculated as the mean + 3 SDs of the controls. This report is the first on elevation of serum BAFF during VL.
Financial support: This study was supported by KAKENHI Grants 23689024 and 23256001 from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and a grant from the Japan Science and Technology Agency/the Japan International Cooperation Agency, SATREPS.
Authors' addresses: Yasuyuki Goto, Satoko Omachi, Chizu Sanjoba, and Yoshitsugu Matsumoto, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Animal Resource Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, E-mails: aygoto@mail.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp, satoko.bbk@gmail.com, asanjoba@mail.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp, and aysmatsu@mail.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
Haldar JP, Ghose S, Saha KC, Ghose AC, 1983. Cell-mediated immune response in Indian kala-azar and post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis. Infect Immun 42: 702–707.
Carvalho EM, Badaro R, Reed SG, Jones TC, Johnson WD Jr, 1985. Absence of gamma interferon and interleukin 2 production during active visceral leishmaniasis. J Clin Invest 76: 2066–2069.
Ghalib HW, Piuvezam MR, Skeiky YA, Siddig M, Hashim FA, el-Hassan AM, Russo DM, Reed SG, 1993. Interleukin 10 production correlates with pathology in human Leishmania donovani infections. J Clin Invest 92: 324–329.
Miles SA, Conrad SM, Alves RG, Jeronimo SM, Mosser DM, 2005. A role for IgG immune complexes during infection with the intracellular pathogen Leishmania. J Exp Med 201: 747–754.
Ghose AC, Haldar JP, Pal SC, Mishra BP, Mishra KK, 1980. Serological investigations on Indian kala-azar. Clin Exp Immunol 40: 318–326.
Tangye SG, Bryant VL, Cuss AK, Good KL, 2006. BAFF, APRIL and human B cell disorders. Semin Immunol 18: 305–317.
Zhang J, Roschke V, Baker KP, Wang Z, Alarcon GS, Fessler BJ, Bastian H, Kimberly RP, Zhou T, 2001. Cutting edge: a role for B lymphocyte stimulator in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Immunol 166: 6–10.
Groom J, Kalled SL, Cutler AH, Olson C, Woodcock SA, Schneider P, Tschopp J, Cachero TG, Batten M, Wheway J, Mauri D, Cavill D, Gordon TP, Mackay CR, Mackay F, 2002. Association of BAFF/BLyS overexpression and altered B cell differentiation with Sjogren's syndrome. J Clin Invest 109: 59–68.
Briones J, Timmerman JM, Hilbert DM, Levy R, 2002. BLyS and BLyS receptor expression in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Exp Hematol 30: 135–141.
Elsawa SF, Novak AJ, Grote DM, Ziesmer SC, Witzig TE, Kyle RA, Dillon SR, Harder B, Gross JA, Ansell SM, 2006. B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) stimulates immunoglobulin production and malignant B-cell growth in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. Blood 107: 2882–2888.
Nduati E, Gwela A, Karanja H, Mugyenyi C, Langhorne J, Marsh K, Urban BC, 2011. The plasma concentration of the B cell activating factor is increased in children with acute malaria. J Infect Dis 204: 962–970.
Matsushita T, Hasegawa M, Yanaba K, Kodera M, Takehara K, Sato S, 2006. Elevated serum BAFF levels in patients with systemic sclerosis: enhanced BAFF signaling in systemic sclerosis B lymphocytes. Arthritis Rheum 54: 192–201.
Bermejo DA, Amezcua-Vesely MC, Montes CL, Merino MC, Gehrau RC, Cejas H, Acosta-Rodriguez EV, Gruppi A, 2010. BAFF mediates splenic B cell response and antibody production in experimental Chagas disease. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 4: e679.
Goto Y, Carter D, Reed SG, 2008. Immunological dominance of Trypanosoma cruzi tandem repeat proteins. Infect Immun 76: 3967–3974.
Goto Y, Coler RN, Guderian J, Mohamath R, Reed SG, 2006. Cloning, characterization, and serodiagnostic evaluation of Leishmania infantum tandem repeat proteins. Infect Immun 74: 3939–3945.
Mackay F, Woodcock SA, Lawton P, Ambrose C, Baetscher M, Schneider P, Tschopp J, Browning JL, 1999. Mice transgenic for BAFF develop lymphocytic disorders along with autoimmune manifestations. J Exp Med 190: 1697–1710.
Doreau A, Belot A, Bastid J, Riche B, Trescol-Biemont MC, Ranchin B, Fabien N, Cochat P, Pouteil-Noble C, Trolliet P, Durieu I, Tebib J, Kassai B, Ansieau S, Puisieux A, Eliaou JF, Bonnefoy-Berard N, 2009. Interleukin 17 acts in synergy with B-cell activating factor to influence B cell biology and the pathophysiology of systemic lupus erythematosus. Nat Immunol 10: 778–785.
Scholzen A, Teirlinck AC, Bijker EM, Roestenberg M, Hermsen CC, Hoffman SL, Sauerwein RW, 2014. BAFF and BAFF receptor levels correlate with B cell subset activation and redistribution in controlled human malaria infection. J Immunol 192: 3719–3729.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 528 | 459 | 32 |
Full Text Views | 452 | 24 | 0 |
PDF Downloads | 111 | 26 | 0 |