Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Associated Hospitalizations in Pre-Mature Infants in Lima, Peru

Theresa J. Ochoa Department of Pediatrics, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Univeristy of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas; Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima, Peru; Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Madre Niño San Bartolome, Lima, Peru; Abbott Laboratories, Lima, Peru; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Instituto de Investigacion Nutricional, Lima, Peru

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Rossana Bautista Department of Pediatrics, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Univeristy of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas; Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima, Peru; Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Madre Niño San Bartolome, Lima, Peru; Abbott Laboratories, Lima, Peru; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Instituto de Investigacion Nutricional, Lima, Peru

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Carmen Dávila Department of Pediatrics, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Univeristy of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas; Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima, Peru; Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Madre Niño San Bartolome, Lima, Peru; Abbott Laboratories, Lima, Peru; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Instituto de Investigacion Nutricional, Lima, Peru

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José Antonio Salazar Department of Pediatrics, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Univeristy of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas; Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima, Peru; Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Madre Niño San Bartolome, Lima, Peru; Abbott Laboratories, Lima, Peru; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Instituto de Investigacion Nutricional, Lima, Peru

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Carlos Bazán Department of Pediatrics, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Univeristy of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas; Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima, Peru; Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Madre Niño San Bartolome, Lima, Peru; Abbott Laboratories, Lima, Peru; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Instituto de Investigacion Nutricional, Lima, Peru

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Oscar Guerra Department of Pediatrics, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Univeristy of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas; Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima, Peru; Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Madre Niño San Bartolome, Lima, Peru; Abbott Laboratories, Lima, Peru; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Instituto de Investigacion Nutricional, Lima, Peru

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Jean Pierre Llanos Department of Pediatrics, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Univeristy of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas; Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima, Peru; Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Madre Niño San Bartolome, Lima, Peru; Abbott Laboratories, Lima, Peru; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Instituto de Investigacion Nutricional, Lima, Peru

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Luis López Department of Pediatrics, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Univeristy of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas; Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima, Peru; Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Madre Niño San Bartolome, Lima, Peru; Abbott Laboratories, Lima, Peru; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Instituto de Investigacion Nutricional, Lima, Peru

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Alonso Zea-Vera Department of Pediatrics, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Univeristy of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas; Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima, Peru; Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Madre Niño San Bartolome, Lima, Peru; Abbott Laboratories, Lima, Peru; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Instituto de Investigacion Nutricional, Lima, Peru

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Lucie Ecker Department of Pediatrics, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Univeristy of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas; Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima, Peru; Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Peru; Hospital Nacional Madre Niño San Bartolome, Lima, Peru; Abbott Laboratories, Lima, Peru; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Instituto de Investigacion Nutricional, Lima, Peru

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We conducted a prospective cohort study in four hospitals in Lima, Peru in infants with a birth weight ≤ 1,500 g followed from birth hospital discharge up to 1 year of age to determine the incidence of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) hospitalizations. We enrolled 222 infants from March of 2009 to March of 2010: 48 infants with a birth weight < 1,000 g and 174 infants with a birth weight of 1,000–1,500 g (birth weight = 1,197 ± 224 g; gestational age = 30.1 ± 2.6 weeks). There were 936 episodes of respiratory infections; the incidence of respiratory infections during the first 1 year of life was 5.7 episodes/child-years. The incidence of RSV respiratory infections that required emergency room management was 103.9 per 1,000 child-years, and the incidence of RSV hospitalizations was 116.2 per 1,000 child-years (244.9 in infants with a birth weight < 1,000 g and 88.9 in infants 1,000–1,500 g; P < 0.05). The incidence of RSV respiratory infections that required emergency management or hospitalization is high among pre-mature infants in Lima.

Author Notes

* Address correspondence to Theresa J. Ochoa, Instituto de Medicina Tropical “Alexander von Humboldt,” Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Av. Honorio Delgado 430, San Martin de Porras, Lima 31, Perú. E-mail: Theresa.J.Ochoa@uth.tmc.edu

Financial support: This study was funded by a research grant from Abbott Laboratories (to T.J.O.).

Authors' addresses: Theresa J. Ochoa and Alonso Zea-Vera, Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru, E-mails: Theresa.J.Ochoa@uth.tmc.edu and alonso.zea@upch.pe. Rossana Bautista, Neonatology, Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima, Peru, E-mail: rossanabautistag@hotmail.com. Carmen Dávila and Luis López, Neonatology, Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, Lima, Peru, E-mails: davilacarmen@gmail.com and luisjavierlopezv@yahoo.com. José Antonio Salazar, Neonatology, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, Lima, Peru, E-mail: jantsalazar@yahoo.es. Carlos Bazán, Neonatology, Hospital Nacional Madre Niño San Bartolome, Lima, Peru, E-mails: cbazan45@yahoo.es. Oscar Guerra and Jean Pierre Llanos, Medicine, Abbott Laboratories, Lima, Peru, E-mails: oscar.guerra@abbott.com and jean.llanos@abbott.com. Lucie Ecker, Pediatrics, Instituto de Investigacion Nutricional, Lima, Peru, E-mail: lecker@iin.sld.pe.

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