Author:
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Reference Manager
BibTeX
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-
1.
Schweitzer BK, Chapman NM, Iwen PC, 2009. Overview of the Flaviviridae with an emphasis on Japanese encephalitis group viruses. Lab Med 40: 493–499.
-
2.
Mackenzie JS, Gubler DJ, Petersen LR, 2004. Emerging flaviviruses: the spread and resurgence of Japanese encephalitis, West Nile and dengue viruses. Nat Med 10 (12 Suppl): S89–S109.
-
3.
US Army Medical Research Unit (Malaya), 1957. Institute for Medical Research, Federation of Malaya, Annual Report. Kuala Lampur, Malaya, 100–103.
-
4.
Cao Z, Zhang C, Liu Y, Liu Y, Ye W, Han J, Ma G, Zhang D, Xu F, Gao X, Tang Y, Shi S, Wan C, Zhang C, He B, Yang M, Lu X, Huang Y, Diao Y, Ma X, Zhang D, 2011. Tembusu virus in ducks, China. Emerg Infect Dis 17: 1873–1875.
-
5.
Liu P, Lu H, Li S, Moureau G, Deng YQ, Wang Y, Zhang L, Jiang T, de Lamballerie X, Qin CF, Gould EA, Su J, Gao GF, 2012. Genomic and antigenic characterization of the newly emerging Chinese duck egg-drop syndrome flavivirus: genomic comparison with Tembusu and Sitiawan viruses. J Gen Virol 93: 2158–2170.
-
6.
Liu M, Chen S, Chen Y, Liu C, Chen S, Yin X, Li G, Zhanga Y, 2012. Adapted Tembusu-like virus in chickens and geese in China. J Clin Microbiol 50: 2807–2809.
-
7.
Yun T, Ye W, Ni Z, Zhang D, Zhang C, 2012. Identification and molecular characterization of a novel flavivirus isolated from Pekin ducklings in China. Vet Microbiol 157: 311–319.
-
8.
Yan P, Zhao Y, Zhang X, Xu D, Dai X, Teng Q, Yan L, Zhou J, Ji X, Zhang S, Liu G, Zhou Y, Kawaoka Y, Tong G, Li Z, 2011. An infectious disease of ducks caused by a newly emerged Tembusu virus strain in mainland China. Vir 417: 1–8.
-
9.
Su J, Li S, Hu X, Yu X, Wang Y, Liu P, Lu X, Zhang G, Hu X, Liu D, Li X, Su W, Lu H, Mok NS, Wang P, Wang M, Tian K, Gao GF, 2011. Duck egg-drop syndrome caused by BYD virus, a new Tembusu-related flavivirus. PLoS One 6: e18106.
-
10.
Kono Y, Tsukamoto K, Abd Hamid M, Darus A, Lian TC, Sam LS, Yok CN, Di KB, Lim KT, Yamaguchi S, Narita M, 2000. Encephalitis and retarded growth of chicks caused by Sitiawan virus, a new isolate belonging to the genus flavivirus. Am J Trop Med Hyg 63: 94–101.
-
11.
Pandey BD, Karabatsos N, Cropp B, Tagaki M, Tsuda Y, Ichinose A, Igarashi A, 1999. Identification of a flavivirus isolated from mosquitos in Chiang Mai Thailand. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 30: 161–165.
-
12.
Leake CJ, Ussery MA, Nisalak A, Hoke CH, Andre RG, Burke DS, 1986. Virus isolations from mosquitoes collected during the 1982 Japanese encephalitis epidemic in northern Thailand. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 80: 831–837.
-
13.
O'Guinn ML, Turell MJ, Kengluecha A, Jaichapor B, Jones J, Kankaew P, Miller RS, Coleman RE, Endy TP, Lee JS, 2013. Field detection of Tembusu virus in western Thailand by RT-PCR and vector competence determination of select Culex mosquitoes for transmission of the virus. Am J Trop Med Hyg 89: 1023–1028.
-
14.
Chambers TJ, Hahn CS, Galler R, Rice CM, 1990. Flavivirus genome organization, expression, and replication. Annu Rev Microbiol 44: 649–688.
-
15.
Yun T, Nia Z, Hua J, Yea W, Chen L, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Zhang C, 2012. Development of a one-step real-time RT-PCR assay using a minor-groove-binding probe for the detection of duck Tembusu virus. J Virol Methods 181: 148–154.
-
16.
Yan L, Peng S, Yan P, Zhou J, Teng Q, Li G, Li X, Li Z, 2012. Comparison of real-time reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for duck Tembusu virus. J Virol Methods 182: 50–55.
-
17.
Wang Y, Yuan X, Li Y, Yu K, Yang J, Xu H, Zhang Y, Yu K, Liao M, Qin Z, 2011. Rapid detection of newly isolated Tembusu related flavivirus by reverse-transcription loop mediated isothermal amplification assay. Virol J 8: 553–559.
-
18.
Yan L, Yan P, Zhou J, Teng Q, Li Z, 2011. Establishing a TaqMan-Based real-time PCR assay for the rapid detection and quantification of the newly emerged duck Tembusu virus. Virol J 8: 464–470.
-
19.
O'Guinn ML, Lee JS, Kondig JP, Fernandez R, Carbajal F, 2004. Field detection of eastern equine encephalitis virus in the Amazon basin region of Peru using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction adapted for field identification of arthropod-borne pathogens. Am J Trop Med Hyg 70: 164–171.
-
20.
Kuno G, 1998. Universal diagnostic RT-PCR protocol for arboviruses. J Virol Methods 72: 27–41.
-
21.
Rosen L, Gubler D, 1974. The use of mosquitoes to detect and propagate dengue viruses. Am J Trop Med Hyg 23: 1153–1160.
-
22.
Platt GS, Way HJ, Bowen ET, Simpson DI, Hill MN, Kamath S, Bendell PJ, Heathcote OH, 1975. Arbovirus infections in Sarawak, October 1968–February 1970 Tembusu and Sindbis virus isolations from mosquitoes. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 69: 65–71.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 21 | 21 | 3 |
| Full Text Views | 321 | 89 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 94 | 25 | 0 |
Development of Conventional and Real-Time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction Assays to Detect Tembusu Virus in Culex tarsalis Mosquitoes
Lawrence N. Petz
Lawrence N. Petz
Virology Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland; US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland
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Michael J. Turell
Michael J. Turell
Virology Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland; US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland
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Susana Padilla
Susana Padilla
Virology Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland; US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland
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Lewis S. Long
Lewis S. Long
Virology Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland; US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland
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Drew D. Reinbold-Wasson
Drew D. Reinbold-Wasson
Virology Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland; US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland
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Darci R. Smith
Darci R. Smith
Virology Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland; US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland
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Monica L. O'Guinn
Monica L. O'Guinn
Virology Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland; US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland
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Vanessa R. Melanson
Vanessa R. Melanson
Virology Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland; US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland
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John S. Lee
John S. Lee
Virology Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland; US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland
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Tembusu virus (TMUV) is an important emerging arthropod-borne virus that may cause encephalitis in humans and has been isolated in regions of southeast Asia, including Malaysia, Thailand, and China. Currently, detection and identification of TMUV are limited to research laboratories, because quantitative rapid diagnostic assays for the virus do not exist. We describe the development of sensitive and specific conventional and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays for detecting TMUV RNA in infected cell culture supernatant and Culex tarsalis mosquitoes. We used this assay to document the replication of TMUV in Cx. tarsalis, where titers increased 1,000-fold 5 days after inoculation. These assays resulted in the detection of virus-specific RNA in the presence of copurified mosquito nucleic acids. The use of these rapid diagnostic assays may have future applications for field pathogen surveillance and may assist in early detection, diagnosis, and control of the associated arthropod-borne pathogens.
Author Notes
Financial support: This work was funded, in part, by Military Infectious Disease Research Program Project U0176_09_RD.
Authors' addresses: Lawrence N. Petz, Battlefield Pain Management Research Program, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, TX, E-mail: lawrence.n.petz.mil@mail.mil. Michael J. Turell and Susana Padilla, Virology Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD, E-mails: michael.j.turell@us.army.mil and susana.padilla1@us.army.mil. Lewis S. Long and Vanessa R. Melanson, Entomology Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, E-mails: lewis.s.long@us.army.mil and vanessa.melanson@us.army.mil. Drew D. Reinbold-Wasson, US Army Public Health Command, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, E-mail: Drew.reinbold@us.army.mil. Darci R. Smith, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, E-mail: darci.smith@colostate.edu. Monica L. O'Guinn, Military Infectious Diseases Research Program, US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, MD, E-mail: monica.oguinn@us.army.mil. John S. Lee, Division of Entomology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, E-mail: john.s.lee13@gmail.com.
Reprint requests: Michael J. Turell, Virology Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, E-mail: michael.j.turell@us.army.mil.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Schweitzer BK, Chapman NM, Iwen PC, 2009. Overview of the Flaviviridae with an emphasis on Japanese encephalitis group viruses. Lab Med 40: 493–499.
-
2.
Mackenzie JS, Gubler DJ, Petersen LR, 2004. Emerging flaviviruses: the spread and resurgence of Japanese encephalitis, West Nile and dengue viruses. Nat Med 10 (12 Suppl): S89–S109.
-
3.
US Army Medical Research Unit (Malaya), 1957. Institute for Medical Research, Federation of Malaya, Annual Report. Kuala Lampur, Malaya, 100–103.
-
4.
Cao Z, Zhang C, Liu Y, Liu Y, Ye W, Han J, Ma G, Zhang D, Xu F, Gao X, Tang Y, Shi S, Wan C, Zhang C, He B, Yang M, Lu X, Huang Y, Diao Y, Ma X, Zhang D, 2011. Tembusu virus in ducks, China. Emerg Infect Dis 17: 1873–1875.
-
5.
Liu P, Lu H, Li S, Moureau G, Deng YQ, Wang Y, Zhang L, Jiang T, de Lamballerie X, Qin CF, Gould EA, Su J, Gao GF, 2012. Genomic and antigenic characterization of the newly emerging Chinese duck egg-drop syndrome flavivirus: genomic comparison with Tembusu and Sitiawan viruses. J Gen Virol 93: 2158–2170.
-
6.
Liu M, Chen S, Chen Y, Liu C, Chen S, Yin X, Li G, Zhanga Y, 2012. Adapted Tembusu-like virus in chickens and geese in China. J Clin Microbiol 50: 2807–2809.
-
7.
Yun T, Ye W, Ni Z, Zhang D, Zhang C, 2012. Identification and molecular characterization of a novel flavivirus isolated from Pekin ducklings in China. Vet Microbiol 157: 311–319.
-
8.
Yan P, Zhao Y, Zhang X, Xu D, Dai X, Teng Q, Yan L, Zhou J, Ji X, Zhang S, Liu G, Zhou Y, Kawaoka Y, Tong G, Li Z, 2011. An infectious disease of ducks caused by a newly emerged Tembusu virus strain in mainland China. Vir 417: 1–8.
-
9.
Su J, Li S, Hu X, Yu X, Wang Y, Liu P, Lu X, Zhang G, Hu X, Liu D, Li X, Su W, Lu H, Mok NS, Wang P, Wang M, Tian K, Gao GF, 2011. Duck egg-drop syndrome caused by BYD virus, a new Tembusu-related flavivirus. PLoS One 6: e18106.
-
10.
Kono Y, Tsukamoto K, Abd Hamid M, Darus A, Lian TC, Sam LS, Yok CN, Di KB, Lim KT, Yamaguchi S, Narita M, 2000. Encephalitis and retarded growth of chicks caused by Sitiawan virus, a new isolate belonging to the genus flavivirus. Am J Trop Med Hyg 63: 94–101.
-
11.
Pandey BD, Karabatsos N, Cropp B, Tagaki M, Tsuda Y, Ichinose A, Igarashi A, 1999. Identification of a flavivirus isolated from mosquitos in Chiang Mai Thailand. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 30: 161–165.
-
12.
Leake CJ, Ussery MA, Nisalak A, Hoke CH, Andre RG, Burke DS, 1986. Virus isolations from mosquitoes collected during the 1982 Japanese encephalitis epidemic in northern Thailand. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 80: 831–837.
-
13.
O'Guinn ML, Turell MJ, Kengluecha A, Jaichapor B, Jones J, Kankaew P, Miller RS, Coleman RE, Endy TP, Lee JS, 2013. Field detection of Tembusu virus in western Thailand by RT-PCR and vector competence determination of select Culex mosquitoes for transmission of the virus. Am J Trop Med Hyg 89: 1023–1028.
-
14.
Chambers TJ, Hahn CS, Galler R, Rice CM, 1990. Flavivirus genome organization, expression, and replication. Annu Rev Microbiol 44: 649–688.
-
15.
Yun T, Nia Z, Hua J, Yea W, Chen L, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Zhang C, 2012. Development of a one-step real-time RT-PCR assay using a minor-groove-binding probe for the detection of duck Tembusu virus. J Virol Methods 181: 148–154.
-
16.
Yan L, Peng S, Yan P, Zhou J, Teng Q, Li G, Li X, Li Z, 2012. Comparison of real-time reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for duck Tembusu virus. J Virol Methods 182: 50–55.
-
17.
Wang Y, Yuan X, Li Y, Yu K, Yang J, Xu H, Zhang Y, Yu K, Liao M, Qin Z, 2011. Rapid detection of newly isolated Tembusu related flavivirus by reverse-transcription loop mediated isothermal amplification assay. Virol J 8: 553–559.
-
18.
Yan L, Yan P, Zhou J, Teng Q, Li Z, 2011. Establishing a TaqMan-Based real-time PCR assay for the rapid detection and quantification of the newly emerged duck Tembusu virus. Virol J 8: 464–470.
-
19.
O'Guinn ML, Lee JS, Kondig JP, Fernandez R, Carbajal F, 2004. Field detection of eastern equine encephalitis virus in the Amazon basin region of Peru using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction adapted for field identification of arthropod-borne pathogens. Am J Trop Med Hyg 70: 164–171.
-
20.
Kuno G, 1998. Universal diagnostic RT-PCR protocol for arboviruses. J Virol Methods 72: 27–41.
-
21.
Rosen L, Gubler D, 1974. The use of mosquitoes to detect and propagate dengue viruses. Am J Trop Med Hyg 23: 1153–1160.
-
22.
Platt GS, Way HJ, Bowen ET, Simpson DI, Hill MN, Kamath S, Bendell PJ, Heathcote OH, 1975. Arbovirus infections in Sarawak, October 1968–February 1970 Tembusu and Sindbis virus isolations from mosquitoes. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 69: 65–71.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 21 | 21 | 3 |
| Full Text Views | 321 | 89 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 94 | 25 | 0 |