Author:
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Bowie W, King A, Werker D, Isaac-Renton J, Bell A, Eng S, Marion S, 1997. Outbreak of toxoplasmosis associated with municipal drinking water. Lancet 350: 173–177.
-
2.
Schuster C, Ellis A, Robertson W, Charron D, Aramini J, Marshall B, Medeiros D, 2005. Infectious disease outbreaks related to drinking water in Canada, 1974–2001. Can J Public Health 96: 254–258.
-
3.
McDonald J, Gyorkos T, Alberton B, MacLean J, Richer G, Juranek D, 1990. An outbreak of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women in northern Québec. J Infect Dis 161: 769–774.
-
4.
Schellenberg R, Tan B, Irvine J, Stockdale D, Gajadhar A, Serhir B, Botha J, Armstrong C, Shirley A, Bondeau J, McNab T, 2003. An outbreak of trichinellosis due to consumption of bear meat infected with Trichinella nativa in two northern Saskatchewan communities. J Infect Dis 188: 835–843.
-
5.
Sweatman G, 1952. Distribution and incidence of Echinococcus granulosus in man and other animals with special reference to Canada. Parasitol 43: 480–485.
-
6.
Gilbert N, Oluwayemisi K, Libman M, Muchaal P, Ogden N, 2010. Hospitalization for trichinellosis and echinococcosis in Canada, 2001–2005: the tip of the iceberg? Can J Public Health 101: 337–340.
-
7.
Jenkins E, Castrodale L, de Rosemond S, Dixon B, Elmore S, Gesy K, Hoberg E, Polley L, Schurer J, Simard M, Thompson R, 2013. Tradition and transition: parasitic zoonoses in people and animals in northern North American and Greenland. Adv Parasitol 82: 33–204.
-
8.
Statistics Canada, 2013. Census Profile. Available at: http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E. Accessed October 10, 2013.
-
9.
Nielson M, Vidyashankar A, Andersen U, DeLisi K, Pilegaard K, Kaplan R, 2010. Effects of fecal collection and storage factors on strongylid egg counts in horses. Vet Parasitol 167: 55–61.
-
10.
Olson M, Thorlakson C, Deselliers L, Morck D, McAllister T, 1997. Giardia and Cryptosporidium in Canadian farm animals. Vet Parasitol 68: 375–381.
-
11.
Levesque B, Messier V, Bonnier-Viger Y, Couillard M, Cote S, Ward B, Libman M, Gingras S, Dick D, Dewailly E, 2007. Seroprevalence of zoonoses in a Cree community (Canada). Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 59: 283–286.
-
12.
Himsworth C, Jenkins E, Hill J, Nsungu M, Thompson R, Covacin C, Ash A, Wagner B, McConnel A, Leighton F, Skinner S, 2010. Emergence of sylvatic Echinococcus granulosus as a parasitic zoonosis of public health concern in an Indigenous community in Canada. Am J Trop Med Hyg 82: 643–645.
-
13.
Campagna S, Levesque B, Anassour-Laouan-Sidi E, Cote S, Serhir B, Ward B, Libman M, Drebot M, Makowski K, Andonova M, Ndao M, Dewailly E, 2011. Seroprevalence of 10 zoonotic infections in 2 Canadian Cree communities. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 70: 191–199.
-
14.
Sampasa-Kanyinga H, Levesque B, Anassour-Laouan-Sidi E, Cote S, Serhir B, Ward B, Libman M, Drebot M, Ndao M, Dewailly E, 2012. Zoonotic infections in native communities of James Bay, Canada. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 12: 473–481.
-
15.
Egeland G, Inuvialuit Settlement Region Steering Committee, 2010. 2007–2008 Inuit Health Survey – Inuvialuit Settlement Region. Available at: http://www.irc.inuvialuit.com/publications/pdf/ihs-report-final.pdf. Accessed March 8, 2014.
-
16.
Egeland G, Nunatsiavut Settlement Region Steering Committee, 2010. 2007–2008 Inuit Health Survey – Nunatsiavut Settlement Region. Available at: http://www.irc.inuvialuit.com/publications/pdf/ihs-report-final.pdf. Accessed March 8, 2014.
-
17.
Messier V, Levesque B, Proulx J-F, Rochette L, Serhir B, Couillard M, Ward B, Libman M, Dewailly E, Dery S, 2012. Seroprevalence of seven zoonotic infections in Nunavik, Quebec (Canada). Zoonoses Public Health 59: 107–117.
-
18.
Schurer J, Hill J, Fernando C, Jenkins E, 2012. Sentinel surveillance for zoonotic parasites in companion animals in Indigenous communities of Saskatchewan. Am J Trop Med Hyg 87: 495–498.
-
19.
Gaunt M, Carr A, 2011. A survey of intestinal parasites in dogs from Saskatoon, SK. Can Vet J 52: 497–499.
-
20.
IDEXX Laboratories Inc, 2014. SNAP 4Dx Plus Test. Available at: http://www.idexx.ca//view/xhtml/en_ca/smallanimal/inhouse/snap/4dx.jsf?SSOTOKEN=0. Accessed February 1, 2014.
-
21.
Won K, Druszon-Moran D, Schantz P, Jones J, 2008. National seroprevalence and risk factors for zoonotic Toxocara spp. infection. Am J Trop Med Hyg 79: 552–557.
-
22.
O'Lorcain P, 1995. The effects of freezing on the viability of Toxocara canis and T. cati embryonated eggs. J Helminthol 69: 169–171.
-
23.
Yang J, Keystone J, McIntyre L, Spence H, 1982. Toxocara antibodies in veterinary personnel. Can Vet J 23: 126–128.
-
24.
Embil J, Tanner C, Pereira L, Staudt M, Morrison E, Gualazzi D, 1988. Seroepidemiologic survey of Toxocara canis infection in urban and rural children. Public Health 102: 129–133.
-
25.
Schurer J, Ndao M, Skinner S, Irvine J, Elmore S, Epp T, Jenkins E, 2013. Parasitic zoonoses: one health surveillance in northern Saskatchewan. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 7: e2141.
-
26.
Hotez P, Wilkins P, 2009. Toxocariasis: America's most common neglected infection of poverty and a helminthiasis of global importance? PLoS Negl Trop Dis 3: e400.
-
27.
Schurer JM, Gesy KM, Elkin BT, Jenkins EJ, 2013. Echinococcus multilocularis and E. canadensis in wolves from western Canada. Parasitology 141: 159–163.
-
28.
Jones J, Kruszon-Moran D, Sanders-Lewis K, Wilson M, 2007. Toxoplasma gondii infection in the United States, 1999–2004, decline from the prior decade. Am J Trop Med Hyg 77: 405–410.
-
29.
Hill D, Dubey J, 2002. Toxoplasma gondii: transmission, diagnosis and prevention. Clin Microbiol Infect 8: 634–664.
-
30.
Jones J, Dargelas V, Roberts J, Press C, Remington J, Montoya J, 2009. Risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection in the United States. Clin Infect Dis 49: 878–884.
-
31.
Messier V, Levesque B, Proulx J-F, Rochette L, Libman M, Ward B, Serhir B, Couillard M, Ogden N, Dewailly E, Hubert B, Dery S, Barthe C, Murphy D, Dixon B, 2009. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii among Nunavik Inuit (Canada). Zoonoses Public Health 56: 188–197.
-
32.
Brook R, van Beest F. Feral wild boar distribution and perceptions of risk on the central Canadian prairies. Wildl Soc Bull (In press).
-
33.
Serhir B, MacLean J, Healey S, Forbes L, 2001. Outbreak of trichinellosis associated with arctic walruses in northern Canada, 1999. Can Commun Dis Rep 27: 31–36.
-
34.
Hotez P, 2010. Neglected infections of poverty among the Indigenous peoples of the Arctic. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 4: e606.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 105 | 105 | 67 |
| Full Text Views | 429 | 129 | 1 |
| PDF Downloads | 191 | 41 | 0 |
People, Pets, and Parasites: One Health Surveillance in Southeastern Saskatchewan
Janna M. Schurer
Janna M. Schurer
Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; National Reference Centre for Parasitology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
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Momar Ndao
Momar Ndao
Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; National Reference Centre for Parasitology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
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Helen Quewezance
Helen Quewezance
Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; National Reference Centre for Parasitology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
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Stacey A. Elmore
Stacey A. Elmore
Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; National Reference Centre for Parasitology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
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Emily J. Jenkins
Emily J. Jenkins
Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; National Reference Centre for Parasitology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
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Residents of remote and Indigenous communities might experience higher exposure to some zoonotic parasites than the general North American population. Human sero-surveillance conducted in two Saulteaux communities found 113 volunteers exposed as follows: Trichinella (2.7%), Toxocara canis (4.4%), Echinococcus (4.4%), and Toxoplasma gondii (1.8%). In dogs, 41% of 51 fecal samples were positive for at least one intestinal parasite, 3% of 77 were sero-positive for Borrelia burgdorferi, and 21% of 78 for T. gondii. Echinococcus exposure was more likely to occur in non-dog owners (odds ratio [OR]: 11.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2–107, P = 0.03); while T. canis was more likely to occur in children (ages 4–17) (OR: 49, 95% CI: 3.9–624; P = 0.003), and those with a history of dog bites (OR: 13.5, 95% CI: 1.02–179; P = 0.048). Our results emphasize the use of dogs as sentinels for emerging pathogens such as Lyme disease, and the need for targeted surveillance and intervention programs tailored for parasite species, cultural groups, and communities.
Author Notes
Financial Support: Research was funded by a Community Network Research grant held jointly by E. Jenkins (University of Saskatchewan) and D. Kakakaway from the Indigenous Peoples' Health Research Centre, a Discovery Grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC), the Saskatchewan Health Research Foundation, and the Presidents NSERC research fund of the University of Saskatchewan. Graduate student stipend was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Strategic Training Program in Public Health and the Agricultural Rural Ecosystem (PHARE), and an NSERC Collaborative Research and Training Experience grant to the University of Saskatchewan for an integrated training program in infectious diseases, food safety, and public policy.
Authors' addresses: Janna M. Schurer, Stacey A. Elmore, and Emily J. Jenkins, Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, E-mails: jschurer@gmail.com, sae752@mail.usask.ca, and emily.jenkins@usask.ca. Momar Ndao, National Reference Centre for Parasitology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, Canada, E-mail: momar.ndao@mcgill.ca. Helen Quewezance, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, E-mail: helenquewezance@yahoo.ca.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Bowie W, King A, Werker D, Isaac-Renton J, Bell A, Eng S, Marion S, 1997. Outbreak of toxoplasmosis associated with municipal drinking water. Lancet 350: 173–177.
-
2.
Schuster C, Ellis A, Robertson W, Charron D, Aramini J, Marshall B, Medeiros D, 2005. Infectious disease outbreaks related to drinking water in Canada, 1974–2001. Can J Public Health 96: 254–258.
-
3.
McDonald J, Gyorkos T, Alberton B, MacLean J, Richer G, Juranek D, 1990. An outbreak of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women in northern Québec. J Infect Dis 161: 769–774.
-
4.
Schellenberg R, Tan B, Irvine J, Stockdale D, Gajadhar A, Serhir B, Botha J, Armstrong C, Shirley A, Bondeau J, McNab T, 2003. An outbreak of trichinellosis due to consumption of bear meat infected with Trichinella nativa in two northern Saskatchewan communities. J Infect Dis 188: 835–843.
-
5.
Sweatman G, 1952. Distribution and incidence of Echinococcus granulosus in man and other animals with special reference to Canada. Parasitol 43: 480–485.
-
6.
Gilbert N, Oluwayemisi K, Libman M, Muchaal P, Ogden N, 2010. Hospitalization for trichinellosis and echinococcosis in Canada, 2001–2005: the tip of the iceberg? Can J Public Health 101: 337–340.
-
7.
Jenkins E, Castrodale L, de Rosemond S, Dixon B, Elmore S, Gesy K, Hoberg E, Polley L, Schurer J, Simard M, Thompson R, 2013. Tradition and transition: parasitic zoonoses in people and animals in northern North American and Greenland. Adv Parasitol 82: 33–204.
-
8.
Statistics Canada, 2013. Census Profile. Available at: http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E. Accessed October 10, 2013.
-
9.
Nielson M, Vidyashankar A, Andersen U, DeLisi K, Pilegaard K, Kaplan R, 2010. Effects of fecal collection and storage factors on strongylid egg counts in horses. Vet Parasitol 167: 55–61.
-
10.
Olson M, Thorlakson C, Deselliers L, Morck D, McAllister T, 1997. Giardia and Cryptosporidium in Canadian farm animals. Vet Parasitol 68: 375–381.
-
11.
Levesque B, Messier V, Bonnier-Viger Y, Couillard M, Cote S, Ward B, Libman M, Gingras S, Dick D, Dewailly E, 2007. Seroprevalence of zoonoses in a Cree community (Canada). Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 59: 283–286.
-
12.
Himsworth C, Jenkins E, Hill J, Nsungu M, Thompson R, Covacin C, Ash A, Wagner B, McConnel A, Leighton F, Skinner S, 2010. Emergence of sylvatic Echinococcus granulosus as a parasitic zoonosis of public health concern in an Indigenous community in Canada. Am J Trop Med Hyg 82: 643–645.
-
13.
Campagna S, Levesque B, Anassour-Laouan-Sidi E, Cote S, Serhir B, Ward B, Libman M, Drebot M, Makowski K, Andonova M, Ndao M, Dewailly E, 2011. Seroprevalence of 10 zoonotic infections in 2 Canadian Cree communities. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 70: 191–199.
-
14.
Sampasa-Kanyinga H, Levesque B, Anassour-Laouan-Sidi E, Cote S, Serhir B, Ward B, Libman M, Drebot M, Ndao M, Dewailly E, 2012. Zoonotic infections in native communities of James Bay, Canada. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 12: 473–481.
-
15.
Egeland G, Inuvialuit Settlement Region Steering Committee, 2010. 2007–2008 Inuit Health Survey – Inuvialuit Settlement Region. Available at: http://www.irc.inuvialuit.com/publications/pdf/ihs-report-final.pdf. Accessed March 8, 2014.
-
16.
Egeland G, Nunatsiavut Settlement Region Steering Committee, 2010. 2007–2008 Inuit Health Survey – Nunatsiavut Settlement Region. Available at: http://www.irc.inuvialuit.com/publications/pdf/ihs-report-final.pdf. Accessed March 8, 2014.
-
17.
Messier V, Levesque B, Proulx J-F, Rochette L, Serhir B, Couillard M, Ward B, Libman M, Dewailly E, Dery S, 2012. Seroprevalence of seven zoonotic infections in Nunavik, Quebec (Canada). Zoonoses Public Health 59: 107–117.
-
18.
Schurer J, Hill J, Fernando C, Jenkins E, 2012. Sentinel surveillance for zoonotic parasites in companion animals in Indigenous communities of Saskatchewan. Am J Trop Med Hyg 87: 495–498.
-
19.
Gaunt M, Carr A, 2011. A survey of intestinal parasites in dogs from Saskatoon, SK. Can Vet J 52: 497–499.
-
20.
IDEXX Laboratories Inc, 2014. SNAP 4Dx Plus Test. Available at: http://www.idexx.ca//view/xhtml/en_ca/smallanimal/inhouse/snap/4dx.jsf?SSOTOKEN=0. Accessed February 1, 2014.
-
21.
Won K, Druszon-Moran D, Schantz P, Jones J, 2008. National seroprevalence and risk factors for zoonotic Toxocara spp. infection. Am J Trop Med Hyg 79: 552–557.
-
22.
O'Lorcain P, 1995. The effects of freezing on the viability of Toxocara canis and T. cati embryonated eggs. J Helminthol 69: 169–171.
-
23.
Yang J, Keystone J, McIntyre L, Spence H, 1982. Toxocara antibodies in veterinary personnel. Can Vet J 23: 126–128.
-
24.
Embil J, Tanner C, Pereira L, Staudt M, Morrison E, Gualazzi D, 1988. Seroepidemiologic survey of Toxocara canis infection in urban and rural children. Public Health 102: 129–133.
-
25.
Schurer J, Ndao M, Skinner S, Irvine J, Elmore S, Epp T, Jenkins E, 2013. Parasitic zoonoses: one health surveillance in northern Saskatchewan. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 7: e2141.
-
26.
Hotez P, Wilkins P, 2009. Toxocariasis: America's most common neglected infection of poverty and a helminthiasis of global importance? PLoS Negl Trop Dis 3: e400.
-
27.
Schurer JM, Gesy KM, Elkin BT, Jenkins EJ, 2013. Echinococcus multilocularis and E. canadensis in wolves from western Canada. Parasitology 141: 159–163.
-
28.
Jones J, Kruszon-Moran D, Sanders-Lewis K, Wilson M, 2007. Toxoplasma gondii infection in the United States, 1999–2004, decline from the prior decade. Am J Trop Med Hyg 77: 405–410.
-
29.
Hill D, Dubey J, 2002. Toxoplasma gondii: transmission, diagnosis and prevention. Clin Microbiol Infect 8: 634–664.
-
30.
Jones J, Dargelas V, Roberts J, Press C, Remington J, Montoya J, 2009. Risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection in the United States. Clin Infect Dis 49: 878–884.
-
31.
Messier V, Levesque B, Proulx J-F, Rochette L, Libman M, Ward B, Serhir B, Couillard M, Ogden N, Dewailly E, Hubert B, Dery S, Barthe C, Murphy D, Dixon B, 2009. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii among Nunavik Inuit (Canada). Zoonoses Public Health 56: 188–197.
-
32.
Brook R, van Beest F. Feral wild boar distribution and perceptions of risk on the central Canadian prairies. Wildl Soc Bull (In press).
-
33.
Serhir B, MacLean J, Healey S, Forbes L, 2001. Outbreak of trichinellosis associated with arctic walruses in northern Canada, 1999. Can Commun Dis Rep 27: 31–36.
-
34.
Hotez P, 2010. Neglected infections of poverty among the Indigenous peoples of the Arctic. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 4: e606.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 105 | 105 | 67 |
| Full Text Views | 429 | 129 | 1 |
| PDF Downloads | 191 | 41 | 0 |