Comparative Susceptibility of Mosquito Populations in North Queensland, Australia to Oral Infection with Dengue Virus

Yixin H. Ye School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Institute for Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Public Health Virology, Forensic and Scientific Services, Department of Health, Coopers Plains, Queensland, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia

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Tat Siong Ng School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Institute for Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Public Health Virology, Forensic and Scientific Services, Department of Health, Coopers Plains, Queensland, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia

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Francesca D. Frentiu School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Institute for Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Public Health Virology, Forensic and Scientific Services, Department of Health, Coopers Plains, Queensland, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia

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Thomas Walker School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Institute for Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Public Health Virology, Forensic and Scientific Services, Department of Health, Coopers Plains, Queensland, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia

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Andrew F. van den Hurk School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Institute for Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Public Health Virology, Forensic and Scientific Services, Department of Health, Coopers Plains, Queensland, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia

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Scott L. O'Neill School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Institute for Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Public Health Virology, Forensic and Scientific Services, Department of Health, Coopers Plains, Queensland, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia

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Nigel W. Beebe School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Institute for Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Public Health Virology, Forensic and Scientific Services, Department of Health, Coopers Plains, Queensland, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia

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Elizabeth A. McGraw School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Institute for Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Public Health Virology, Forensic and Scientific Services, Department of Health, Coopers Plains, Queensland, Australia; School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia

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Dengue is the most prevalent arthropod-borne virus, with at least 40% of the world's population at risk of infection each year. In Australia, dengue is not endemic, but viremic travelers trigger outbreaks involving hundreds of cases. We compared the susceptibility of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes from two geographically isolated populations to two strains of dengue virus serotype 2. We found, interestingly, that mosquitoes from a city with no history of dengue were more susceptible to virus than mosquitoes from an outbreak-prone region, particularly with respect to one dengue strain. These findings suggest recent evolution of population-based differences in vector competence or different historical origins. Future genomic comparisons of these populations could reveal the genetic basis of vector competence and the relative role of selection and stochastic processes in shaping their differences. Lastly, we show the novel finding of a correlation between midgut dengue titer and titer in tissues colonized after dissemination.

Author Notes

* Address correspondence to Elizabeth A. McGraw, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Building 53, Clayton, VIC, Australia 3800. E-mail: beth.mcgraw@monash.edu
† These authors contributed equally.

Financial support: This work was supported by grants from the National Health and Medical Research Council Australia.

Authors' addresses: Yixin H. Ye, Tat Siong Ng, Thomas Walker, and Elizabeth A. McGraw, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia, E-mails: henry.ye@monash.edu, tatsiong.ng@uqconnect.edu.au, thomas_walker79@hotmail.com, and beth.mcgraw@monash.edu. Francesca D. Frentiu, Institute for Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia, E-mail: francesca.frentiu@qut.edu.au. Andrew F. van den Hurk, Virology, Queensland Health Forensic and Scientific Services, Coopers Plains, QLD, Australia, E-mail: andrew_hurk@health.qld.gov.au. Scott L. O'Neill, Faculty of Science, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia, and Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia, E-mail: scott.oneill@monash.edu. Nigel W. Beebe, School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia, E-mail: n.beebe@uq.edu.au.

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