Needs for Monitoring Mosquito Transmission of Malaria in a Pre-Elimination World

Stephanie James Science Division, Foundation for the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen, The Netherlands; University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana

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Willem Takken Science Division, Foundation for the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen, The Netherlands; University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana

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Frank H. Collins Science Division, Foundation for the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen, The Netherlands; University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana

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Michael Gottlieb Science Division, Foundation for the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen, The Netherlands; University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana

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As global efforts to eliminate malaria intensify, accurate information on vector populations and transmission dynamics is critical for directing control efforts, developing new control tools, and predicting the effects of these interventions under various conditions. Currently available sampling tools for mosquito population monitoring suffer from well-recognized limitations. As reported in this workshop summary, a recent gathering of medical entomologists, modelers, and malaria experts reviewed these issues and agreed that efforts are needed to improve methods to monitor key transmission parameters. Identified needs include standardized methods for sampling of both mosquito adults and larvae, improved tools for mosquito species identification and age-grading, and a better means for determining the entomological inoculation rate.

Author Notes

* Address correspondence to Stephanie James, Science Division, Foundation for the National Institutes of Health, 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20814. E-mail: sjames@fnih.org

Financial support: Support was provided by the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health through the Vector-Based Control of Transmission: Discovery Research Program of the Grand Challenges in Global Health Initiative.

Authors' addresses: Stephanie James and Michael Gottlieb, Science Division, Foundation for the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, E-mails: sjames@fnih.org and mgottlieb@fnih.org. Willem Takken, Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen, The Netherlands, E-mail: willem.takken@wur.nl. Frank H. Collins, Notre Dame University, Department of Biological Sciences, Notre Dame, IN, E-mail: frank@nd.edu.

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