Author:
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1.
Ndimubanzi PC, Carabin H, Budke CM, Nguyen H, Qian YJ, Rainwater E, Dickey M, Reynolds S, Stoner JA, 2010. A systematic review of the frequency of neurocyticercosis with a focus on people with epilepsy. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 4: e870.
-
2.
Nash TE, Garcia HH, 2011. Diagnosis and treatment of neurocysticercosis. Nat Rev Nephrol 7: 584–594.
-
3.
Nash TE, Pretell EJ, Lescano AG, Bustos JA, Gilman RH, Gonzalez AE, Garcia HH; Cysticercosis Working Group in Peru, 2008. Perilesional brain oedema and seizure activity in patients with calcified neurocysticercosis: a prospective cohort and nested case-control study. Lancet Neurol 7: 1099–1105.
-
4.
Nash TE, Del Brutto OH, Butman JA, Corona T, Delgado-Escueta A, Duron RM, Evans CA, Gilman RH, Gonzalez AE, Loeb JA, Medina MT, Pietsch-Escueta S, Pretell EJ, Takayanagui OM, Theodore W, Tsang VC, Garcia HH, 2004. Calcific neurocysticercosis and epileptogenesis. Neurology 62: 1934–1938.
-
5.
Nash TE, Pretell J, Garcia HH, 2001. Calcified cysticerci provoke perilesional edema and seizures. Clin Infect Dis 33: 1649–1653.
-
6.
Gupta RK, Awasthi R, Rathore RKS, Verma A, Sahoo P, Paliwal VK, Prasad KN, Pandey CM, Narayana PA, 2012. Understanding epileptogenesis in calcified neurocysticercosis with perfusion MRI. Neurology 78: 618–625.
-
7.
Sheth TN, Pillon L, Keystone J, Kucharczyk W, 1998. Persistent MR contrast enhancement of calcified neurocysticercosis lesions. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 19: 79–82.
-
8.
White AC Jr, 1997. Neurocysticercosis: a major cause of neurological disease worldwide. Clin Infect Dis 24: 101–113.
-
9.
Del Brutto OH, 1994. Prognostic factors for seizure recurrence after withdrawal of antiepileptic drugs in patients with neurocysticercosis. Neurology 44: 1706–1709.
-
10.
Nash T, 2012. Edema surrounding calcified intracranial cysticerci: clinical manifestations, natural history, and treatment. Pathogens and Global Health 106: 275–279.
-
11.
Ooi WW, Wijemanne S, Thomas CB, Quezado M, Brown CR, Nash TE, 2011. Short report: a calcified Taenia solium granuloma associated with recurrent perilesional edema causing refractory seizures: histopathological features. Am J Trop Med Hyg 85: 460–463.
-
12.
Sheth TN, Lee C, Kucharczyk W, Keystone J, 1999. Reactivation of neurocysticercosis: case report. Am J Trop Med Hyg 60: 664–667.
-
13.
Park SY, Barkovich AJ, Weintraub PS, 2000. Clinical implications of calcified lesions of neurocysticercosis. Pediatr Infect Dis J 19: 581–583.
-
14.
Mitre E, Talaat KR, Sperling MR, Nash TE, 2007. Methotrexate as a corticosteroid-sparing agent in complicated neurocysticercosis. Clin Infect Dis 44: 549–553.
-
15.
Poeschl P, Janzen A, Schuierer G, Winkler J, Bogdahn U, Steinbrecher A, 2006. Calcified neurocysticercosis lesions trigger symptomatic inflammation during antiparasitic therapy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 27: 653–655.
-
16.
Escobar A, 1983. Pathology of the nervous system. Palacios E, Rodriguez-Carbajal J, Taveras JM, editors. Cysticercosis of the Central Nervous System. Springfield, IL, Charles Thomas, 27–54.
-
17.
Escobar A, Weidenheim K, 2002. The pathology of neurocysticercosis. Singh G, Prabhakar S, editors. Taenia solium Cysticercosis: From Basics to Clinical Science. Wallingford, Oxon, UK: CABI Publishing, 289–305.
-
18.
Masahiro F, Mahanty S, Zoghbi S, Araneta M, Hong J, Pike V, Innis RB, Nash TE, 2013. PET reveals inflammation around calcified Taenia solium granulomas with perilesional edema. PLoS ONE 8: e74052.
-
19.
Milligan TA, Zamani A, Bromfield E, 2009. Frequency and patterns of MRI abnormalities due to status epilepticus. Seizure 18: 104–108.
-
20.
Raghavendra S, Ashalatha R, Krishnamoorthy T, Kesavadas C, Thomas SV, Radhakrishnan K, 2007. Reversible periictal MRI abnormalities: clinical correlates and long-term outcome in 12 patients. Epilepsy Res 73: 129–136.
-
21.
Cole AJ, 2004. Status epilepticus and periictal imaging. Epilepsia 45 (Suppl 4): 72–77.
-
22.
Henneberg R, 1912. Die tierischen Parasiten des Zentralnervensystems. Lewandowsky M, editor. Handbuch der Neurologie. 642–683.
-
23.
Marquez-Monter H, 1971. Cysticercosis. Marcial-Rojas R, editor. Pathology of Protozoal and Helminthic Diseases. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins Company, 592–617.
-
24.
Nash TE, Patronas NJ, 1999. Edema associated with calcified lesions in neurocysticercosis. Neurology 53: 777–781.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 22 | 22 | 10 |
| Full Text Views | 495 | 100 | 1 |
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Corticosteroid Withdrawal Precipitates Perilesional Edema around Calcified Taenia solium Cysts
Rojelio Mejia
Rojelio Mejia
Helminth Immunology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Gastrointestinal Parasites Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Theodore E. Nash
Theodore E. Nash
Helminth Immunology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Gastrointestinal Parasites Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
Search for other papers by Theodore E. Nash in
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PubMed
Calcified Taenia solium granulomas are the focus of repeated episodes of perilesional edema and seizures in 50% of persons with calcifications, history of seizures, and a positive serology for cysticercosis. The pathophysiology is unclear but recent studies suggest the edema is caused by inflammation. We report two new cases and four other published cases where cessation of corticosteroids appeared to result in recurrence or new appearance of perilesional edema around calcifications. This suggests that perilesional edema is an immune-mediated phenomenon.
Author Notes
Financial support: This study was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Authors' addresses: Rojelio Mejia, Baylor College of Medicine, National School of Tropical Medicine, Houston, TX, and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, Bethesda, MD, E-mail: rojelio.mejia@bcm.edu. Theodore E. Nash, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, Bethesda, MD, E-mail: tnash@niaid.nih.gov.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Ndimubanzi PC, Carabin H, Budke CM, Nguyen H, Qian YJ, Rainwater E, Dickey M, Reynolds S, Stoner JA, 2010. A systematic review of the frequency of neurocyticercosis with a focus on people with epilepsy. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 4: e870.
-
2.
Nash TE, Garcia HH, 2011. Diagnosis and treatment of neurocysticercosis. Nat Rev Nephrol 7: 584–594.
-
3.
Nash TE, Pretell EJ, Lescano AG, Bustos JA, Gilman RH, Gonzalez AE, Garcia HH; Cysticercosis Working Group in Peru, 2008. Perilesional brain oedema and seizure activity in patients with calcified neurocysticercosis: a prospective cohort and nested case-control study. Lancet Neurol 7: 1099–1105.
-
4.
Nash TE, Del Brutto OH, Butman JA, Corona T, Delgado-Escueta A, Duron RM, Evans CA, Gilman RH, Gonzalez AE, Loeb JA, Medina MT, Pietsch-Escueta S, Pretell EJ, Takayanagui OM, Theodore W, Tsang VC, Garcia HH, 2004. Calcific neurocysticercosis and epileptogenesis. Neurology 62: 1934–1938.
-
5.
Nash TE, Pretell J, Garcia HH, 2001. Calcified cysticerci provoke perilesional edema and seizures. Clin Infect Dis 33: 1649–1653.
-
6.
Gupta RK, Awasthi R, Rathore RKS, Verma A, Sahoo P, Paliwal VK, Prasad KN, Pandey CM, Narayana PA, 2012. Understanding epileptogenesis in calcified neurocysticercosis with perfusion MRI. Neurology 78: 618–625.
-
7.
Sheth TN, Pillon L, Keystone J, Kucharczyk W, 1998. Persistent MR contrast enhancement of calcified neurocysticercosis lesions. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 19: 79–82.
-
8.
White AC Jr, 1997. Neurocysticercosis: a major cause of neurological disease worldwide. Clin Infect Dis 24: 101–113.
-
9.
Del Brutto OH, 1994. Prognostic factors for seizure recurrence after withdrawal of antiepileptic drugs in patients with neurocysticercosis. Neurology 44: 1706–1709.
-
10.
Nash T, 2012. Edema surrounding calcified intracranial cysticerci: clinical manifestations, natural history, and treatment. Pathogens and Global Health 106: 275–279.
-
11.
Ooi WW, Wijemanne S, Thomas CB, Quezado M, Brown CR, Nash TE, 2011. Short report: a calcified Taenia solium granuloma associated with recurrent perilesional edema causing refractory seizures: histopathological features. Am J Trop Med Hyg 85: 460–463.
-
12.
Sheth TN, Lee C, Kucharczyk W, Keystone J, 1999. Reactivation of neurocysticercosis: case report. Am J Trop Med Hyg 60: 664–667.
-
13.
Park SY, Barkovich AJ, Weintraub PS, 2000. Clinical implications of calcified lesions of neurocysticercosis. Pediatr Infect Dis J 19: 581–583.
-
14.
Mitre E, Talaat KR, Sperling MR, Nash TE, 2007. Methotrexate as a corticosteroid-sparing agent in complicated neurocysticercosis. Clin Infect Dis 44: 549–553.
-
15.
Poeschl P, Janzen A, Schuierer G, Winkler J, Bogdahn U, Steinbrecher A, 2006. Calcified neurocysticercosis lesions trigger symptomatic inflammation during antiparasitic therapy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 27: 653–655.
-
16.
Escobar A, 1983. Pathology of the nervous system. Palacios E, Rodriguez-Carbajal J, Taveras JM, editors. Cysticercosis of the Central Nervous System. Springfield, IL, Charles Thomas, 27–54.
-
17.
Escobar A, Weidenheim K, 2002. The pathology of neurocysticercosis. Singh G, Prabhakar S, editors. Taenia solium Cysticercosis: From Basics to Clinical Science. Wallingford, Oxon, UK: CABI Publishing, 289–305.
-
18.
Masahiro F, Mahanty S, Zoghbi S, Araneta M, Hong J, Pike V, Innis RB, Nash TE, 2013. PET reveals inflammation around calcified Taenia solium granulomas with perilesional edema. PLoS ONE 8: e74052.
-
19.
Milligan TA, Zamani A, Bromfield E, 2009. Frequency and patterns of MRI abnormalities due to status epilepticus. Seizure 18: 104–108.
-
20.
Raghavendra S, Ashalatha R, Krishnamoorthy T, Kesavadas C, Thomas SV, Radhakrishnan K, 2007. Reversible periictal MRI abnormalities: clinical correlates and long-term outcome in 12 patients. Epilepsy Res 73: 129–136.
-
21.
Cole AJ, 2004. Status epilepticus and periictal imaging. Epilepsia 45 (Suppl 4): 72–77.
-
22.
Henneberg R, 1912. Die tierischen Parasiten des Zentralnervensystems. Lewandowsky M, editor. Handbuch der Neurologie. 642–683.
-
23.
Marquez-Monter H, 1971. Cysticercosis. Marcial-Rojas R, editor. Pathology of Protozoal and Helminthic Diseases. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins Company, 592–617.
-
24.
Nash TE, Patronas NJ, 1999. Edema associated with calcified lesions in neurocysticercosis. Neurology 53: 777–781.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 22 | 22 | 10 |
| Full Text Views | 495 | 100 | 1 |
| PDF Downloads | 81 | 13 | 2 |