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Molecular Detection of Rickettsia felis in Different Flea Species from Caldas, Colombia
Alejandro Ramírez-Hernández
Alejandro Ramírez-Hernández
Grupo Parasitología Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Grupo Enfermedades Infecciosas, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Facultad Ciencias para la Salud, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; Dirección Territorial de Salud de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; Programa de Bacteriología, Universidad Católica de Manizales, Manizales, Colombia; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
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Viviana Montoya
Viviana Montoya
Grupo Parasitología Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Grupo Enfermedades Infecciosas, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Facultad Ciencias para la Salud, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; Dirección Territorial de Salud de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; Programa de Bacteriología, Universidad Católica de Manizales, Manizales, Colombia; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
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Alejandra Martínez
Alejandra Martínez
Grupo Parasitología Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Grupo Enfermedades Infecciosas, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Facultad Ciencias para la Salud, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; Dirección Territorial de Salud de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; Programa de Bacteriología, Universidad Católica de Manizales, Manizales, Colombia; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
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Jorge E. Pérez
Jorge E. Pérez
Grupo Parasitología Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Grupo Enfermedades Infecciosas, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Facultad Ciencias para la Salud, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; Dirección Territorial de Salud de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; Programa de Bacteriología, Universidad Católica de Manizales, Manizales, Colombia; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
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Marcela Mercado
Marcela Mercado
Grupo Parasitología Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Grupo Enfermedades Infecciosas, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Facultad Ciencias para la Salud, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; Dirección Territorial de Salud de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; Programa de Bacteriología, Universidad Católica de Manizales, Manizales, Colombia; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
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Alberto de la Ossa
Alberto de la Ossa
Grupo Parasitología Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Grupo Enfermedades Infecciosas, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Facultad Ciencias para la Salud, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; Dirección Territorial de Salud de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; Programa de Bacteriología, Universidad Católica de Manizales, Manizales, Colombia; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
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Carolina Vélez
Carolina Vélez
Grupo Parasitología Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Grupo Enfermedades Infecciosas, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Facultad Ciencias para la Salud, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; Dirección Territorial de Salud de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; Programa de Bacteriología, Universidad Católica de Manizales, Manizales, Colombia; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
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Gloria Estrada
Gloria Estrada
Grupo Parasitología Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Grupo Enfermedades Infecciosas, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Facultad Ciencias para la Salud, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; Dirección Territorial de Salud de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; Programa de Bacteriología, Universidad Católica de Manizales, Manizales, Colombia; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
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Maria I. Correa
Maria I. Correa
Grupo Parasitología Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Grupo Enfermedades Infecciosas, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Facultad Ciencias para la Salud, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; Dirección Territorial de Salud de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; Programa de Bacteriología, Universidad Católica de Manizales, Manizales, Colombia; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
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Laura Duque
Laura Duque
Grupo Parasitología Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Grupo Enfermedades Infecciosas, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Facultad Ciencias para la Salud, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; Dirección Territorial de Salud de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; Programa de Bacteriología, Universidad Católica de Manizales, Manizales, Colombia; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
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Juan S. Ariza
Juan S. Ariza
Grupo Parasitología Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Grupo Enfermedades Infecciosas, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Facultad Ciencias para la Salud, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; Dirección Territorial de Salud de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; Programa de Bacteriología, Universidad Católica de Manizales, Manizales, Colombia; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
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Cesar Henao
Cesar Henao
Grupo Parasitología Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Grupo Enfermedades Infecciosas, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Facultad Ciencias para la Salud, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; Dirección Territorial de Salud de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; Programa de Bacteriología, Universidad Católica de Manizales, Manizales, Colombia; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
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Gustavo Valbuena
Gustavo Valbuena
Grupo Parasitología Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Grupo Enfermedades Infecciosas, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Facultad Ciencias para la Salud, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; Dirección Territorial de Salud de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; Programa de Bacteriología, Universidad Católica de Manizales, Manizales, Colombia; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
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Marylin Hidalgo
Marylin Hidalgo
Grupo Parasitología Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Grupo Enfermedades Infecciosas, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Facultad Ciencias para la Salud, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; Dirección Territorial de Salud de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; Programa de Bacteriología, Universidad Católica de Manizales, Manizales, Colombia; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
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Rickettsioses caused by Rickettsia felis are an emergent global threat. Historically, the northern region of the province of Caldas in Colombia has reported murine typhus cases, and recently, serological studies confirmed high seroprevalence for both R. felis and R. typhi. In the present study, fleas from seven municipalities were collected from dogs, cats, and mice. DNA was extracted and amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify gltA, ompB, and 17kD genes. Positive samples were sequenced to identify the species of Rickettsia. Of 1,341 fleas, Ctenocephalides felis was the most prevalent (76.7%). Positive PCR results in the three genes were evidenced in C. felis (minimum infection rates; 5.3%), C. canis (9.2%), and Pulex irritans (10.0%). Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) analyses of sequences showed high identity values (> 98%) with R. felis, and all were highly related by phylogenetic analyses. This work shows the first detection of R. felis in fleas collected from animals in Colombia.
Author Notes
Financial support: This study was supported by Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Grant PY003532.
Authors' addresses: Alejandro Ramírez-Hernández, Grupo ParasitologíaVeterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Ciudad Universitaria, Bogotá, Colombia, E-mail: aramirezhe@unal.edu.co. Viviana Montoya, Alejandra Martínez, Marcela Mercado, and Marylin Hidalgo, Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Departamento de Microbiología, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia, E-mails: pmontoya@javeriana.edu.co, amartinezr@javeriana.edu.co, mmercado@javeriana.edu.co, and hidalgo.m@javeriana.edu.co. Jorge E. Pérez, Laboratorio de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia, E-mail: labmicro@ucaldas.edu.co. Alberto de la Ossa and Carolina Vélez, Dirección Territorial de Salud de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia, E-mails: tomasossa@hotmail.com and carovelez@hotmail.com. Gloria Estrada, Departamento de Bacteriología, Universidad Católica de Manizales, Manizales, Colombia, E-mail: gestrada19@gmail.com. María I. Correa, Laura Duque, Juan S. Ariza, and Cesar Henao, Departamento de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia, E-mails: mariaico00@hotmail.com, lalitaduque7@hotmail.com, juanariza1709@hotmail.com, and cesar.a.velez@hotmail.com. Gustavo Valbuena, Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, E-mail: gvalbuen@utmb.edu.
Reprint requests: Marylin Hidalgo, Grupo Enfermedades Infecciosas, Departamento de Microbiología, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Cra. 7 No 43-82, Bogotá, Colombia, E-mail: hidalgo.m@javeriana.edu.co.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
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1.
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2.
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-
3.
Abdad MY, Stenos J, Graves S, 2011. Rickettsia felis, an emerging flea-transmitted human pathogen. Emerg Health Threats J 4: 1–7.
-
4.
Reif KE, Macaluso KR, 2009. Ecology of Rickettsia felis: a review. J Med Entomol 46: 723–736.
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5.
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6.
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7.
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8.
Horta MC, Pinter A, Cortez A, Soares RM, Gennari SM, Schumaker TTS, Labruna MB, 2005. Rickettsia felis (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae) in Ctenocephalides felis felis (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Arq Bras Med Vet Zootec 57: 321–325.
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9.
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10.
Horta MC, Chiebao DP, de Souza DB, Ferreira F, Pinheiro SR, Labruna MB, Schumaker TT, 2006. Prevalence of Rickettsia felis in the fleas Ctenocephalides felis felis and Ctenocephalides canis from two Indian villages in Sao Paulo Municipality, Brazil. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1078: 361–363.
-
11.
Horta MC, Labruna MB, Pinter A, Linardi PM, Schumaker TT, 2007. Rickettsia infection in five areas of the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 102: 793–801.
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12.
Kamrani A, Parreira VR, Greenwood J, Prescott JF, 2008. The prevalence of Bartonella, Hemoplasma, and Rickettsia felis infections in domestic cats and in cat fleas in Ontario. Can J Vet Res 72: 411–419.
-
13.
Labruna MB, Ogrzewalska M, Moraes-Filho J, Lepe P, Gallegos JL, Lopez J, 2007. Rickettsia felis in Chile. Emerg Infect Dis 13: 1794–1795.
-
14.
Hun L, Troyo A, Taylor L, Barbieri AM, Labruna MB, 2011. First report of the isolation and molecular characterization of Rickettsia amblyommii and Rickettsia felis in Central America. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 11: 1395–1397.
-
15.
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