Cover The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Print ISSN:
0002-9637
Online ISSN:
1476-1645
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High Genetic Diversity of Plasmodium vivax on the North Coast of Papua New Guinea

Alicia ArnottBurnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; Papua New Guinea Institute for Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Barcelona Centre for International Health Research, Barcelona, Spain; Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia

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Celine BarnadasBurnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; Papua New Guinea Institute for Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Barcelona Centre for International Health Research, Barcelona, Spain; Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia

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Nicolas SennBurnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; Papua New Guinea Institute for Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Barcelona Centre for International Health Research, Barcelona, Spain; Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia

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Peter SibaBurnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; Papua New Guinea Institute for Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Barcelona Centre for International Health Research, Barcelona, Spain; Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia

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Ivo MuellerBurnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; Papua New Guinea Institute for Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Barcelona Centre for International Health Research, Barcelona, Spain; Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia

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John C. ReederBurnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; Papua New Guinea Institute for Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Barcelona Centre for International Health Research, Barcelona, Spain; Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia

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Alyssa E. BarryBurnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia; Papua New Guinea Institute for Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Barcelona Centre for International Health Research, Barcelona, Spain; Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia

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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.12-0774
Volume/Issue:
Volume 89: Issue 1
Page(s):
188–194
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Despite having the highest Plasmodium vivax burden in the world, molecular epidemiological data from Papua New Guinea (PNG) for this parasite remain limited. To investigate the molecular epidemiology of P. vivax in PNG, 574 isolates collected from four catchment sites in East Sepik (N = 1) and Madang (N = 3) Provinces were genotyped using the markers MS16 and msp1F3. Genetic diversity and prevalence of P. vivax was determined for all sites. Despite a P. vivax infection prevalence in the East Sepik (15%) catchments less than one-half the prevalence of the Madang catchments (27–35%), genetic diversity was similarly high in all populations (He = 0.77–0.98). High genetic diversity, despite a marked difference in infection prevalence, suggests a large reservoir of diversity in P. vivax populations of PNG. Significant reductions in transmission intensity may, therefore, be required to reduce the diversity of parasite populations in highly endemic countries such as PNG.

Author Notes

* Address correspondence to Alyssa E. Barry, Division of Infection and Immunity, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, Australia 3052. E-mail: barry@wehi.edu.au

Financial support: This work was supported by Project Grants 1003825 and 1010203 from the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. J.C.R. was supported by an NHMRC Principal Research Fellowship. This work was made possible through Victorian State Government Operational Infrastructure Support and Australian Government NHMRC Independent Research Institutes Infrastructure Support Scheme (IRIISS).

Authors' addresses: Alicia Arnott, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, E-mail: alicia@burnet.edu.au. Celine Barnadas and Peter Siba, Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea, E-mails: celine.barnadas@pngimr.org.pg and Peter.Siba@pngimr.org.pg. Nicolas Senn, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland, E-mail: nicolas.senn@gmail.com. Ivo Mueller and Alyssa E. Barry, Division of Infection and Immunity, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, E-mails: mueller@wehi.edu.au and barry@wehi.edu.au. John C. Reeder, Centre for Population Health, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, E-mail: jreeder@burnet.edu.au.

Copyright:
© The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2013
Received:
20 Dec 2012
|
Accepted:
19 Mar 2013
|
Published Online:
10 Jul 2013
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