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Ecological Suitability and Spatial Distribution of Five Anopheles Species in Amazonian Brazil
Sascha N. McKeon
Sascha N. McKeon
Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York-Albany, Albany, New York; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut; Laboratório de Pesquisas Básicas em Malaria, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Para, Brazil; Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Slingerlands, New York
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Carl D. Schlichting
Carl D. Schlichting
Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York-Albany, Albany, New York; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut; Laboratório de Pesquisas Básicas em Malaria, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Para, Brazil; Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Slingerlands, New York
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Marinete M. Povoa
Marinete M. Povoa
Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York-Albany, Albany, New York; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut; Laboratório de Pesquisas Básicas em Malaria, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Para, Brazil; Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Slingerlands, New York
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Jan E. Conn
Jan E. Conn
Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, State University of New York-Albany, Albany, New York; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut; Laboratório de Pesquisas Básicas em Malaria, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Para, Brazil; Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Slingerlands, New York
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Seventy-six sites characterized in Amazonian Brazil revealed distinct habitat diversification by examining the environmental factors associated with the distribution and abundance of five anopheline species (Diptera: Culicidae) in the subgenus Nyssorhynchus. These included three members of the Albitarsis Complex, Anopheles oryzalimnetes, Anopheles marajoara, Anopheles janconnae; Anopheles triannulatus, and Anopheles goeldii. Anopheles janconnae abundance had a positive correlation to water flow and a negative relationship to sun exposure. Abundance of An. oryzalimentes was associated with water chemistry. Anopheles goeldii larvae were abundant in shaded, more saline waters. Anopheles marajoara and An. triannulatus were negatively associated with available resources, although An. marajoara also showed several local correlations. These analyses suggest An. triannulatus is a habitat generalist, An. oryzalimentes and An. janconnae are specialists, and An. marajoara and An. goeldii could not be easily classified either way. Correlations described herein provide testable hypotheses for future research and identifying habitats for vector control.
Author Notes
Financial support: Funding for this study was provided by Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil and NIH grants 1T32AI05532901A1, “Training in Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Disease” and NIH R01 A154139 to JEC.
Authors' addresses: Sascha N. McKeon, Blue Mountain Community College, Pendleton, OR, E-mail: sascha.mckeon@bluecc.edu. Carl D. Schlichting, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, E-mail: schlicht@uconn.edu. Marinete M. Povoa, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, PA, Brazil, E-mail: marinetepovoa@iec.pa.gov.br. Jan E. Conn, University at Albany School of Public Health, Albany, NY, and Wadsworth Center New York State Department of Health, Slingerlands, NY, E-mail: jconn@wadsworth.org.
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