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Ecology of Potential West Nile Virus Vectors in Southeastern Louisiana: Enzootic Transmission in the Relative Absence of Culex quinquefasciatus
Marvin S. Godsey Jr.
Marvin S. Godsey Jr.
Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; US Geological Survey, Eastern Geography Science Center, Reston, Virginia; Fernbank Science Center, Atlanta, Georgia; St. Tammany Parish Mosquito Abatement District, Slidell, Louisiana; Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Raymond J. King
Raymond J. King
Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; US Geological Survey, Eastern Geography Science Center, Reston, Virginia; Fernbank Science Center, Atlanta, Georgia; St. Tammany Parish Mosquito Abatement District, Slidell, Louisiana; Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Kristen Burkhalter
Kristen Burkhalter
Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; US Geological Survey, Eastern Geography Science Center, Reston, Virginia; Fernbank Science Center, Atlanta, Georgia; St. Tammany Parish Mosquito Abatement District, Slidell, Louisiana; Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Mark Delorey
Mark Delorey
Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; US Geological Survey, Eastern Geography Science Center, Reston, Virginia; Fernbank Science Center, Atlanta, Georgia; St. Tammany Parish Mosquito Abatement District, Slidell, Louisiana; Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Leah Colton
Leah Colton
Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; US Geological Survey, Eastern Geography Science Center, Reston, Virginia; Fernbank Science Center, Atlanta, Georgia; St. Tammany Parish Mosquito Abatement District, Slidell, Louisiana; Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Dawn Charnetzky
Dawn Charnetzky
Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; US Geological Survey, Eastern Geography Science Center, Reston, Virginia; Fernbank Science Center, Atlanta, Georgia; St. Tammany Parish Mosquito Abatement District, Slidell, Louisiana; Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Genevieve Sutherland
Genevieve Sutherland
Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; US Geological Survey, Eastern Geography Science Center, Reston, Virginia; Fernbank Science Center, Atlanta, Georgia; St. Tammany Parish Mosquito Abatement District, Slidell, Louisiana; Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Vanessa O. Ezenwa
Vanessa O. Ezenwa
Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; US Geological Survey, Eastern Geography Science Center, Reston, Virginia; Fernbank Science Center, Atlanta, Georgia; St. Tammany Parish Mosquito Abatement District, Slidell, Louisiana; Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Lawrence A. Wilson
Lawrence A. Wilson
Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; US Geological Survey, Eastern Geography Science Center, Reston, Virginia; Fernbank Science Center, Atlanta, Georgia; St. Tammany Parish Mosquito Abatement District, Slidell, Louisiana; Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Michelle Coffey
Michelle Coffey
Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; US Geological Survey, Eastern Geography Science Center, Reston, Virginia; Fernbank Science Center, Atlanta, Georgia; St. Tammany Parish Mosquito Abatement District, Slidell, Louisiana; Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Lesley E. Milheim
Lesley E. Milheim
Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; US Geological Survey, Eastern Geography Science Center, Reston, Virginia; Fernbank Science Center, Atlanta, Georgia; St. Tammany Parish Mosquito Abatement District, Slidell, Louisiana; Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Viki G. Taylor
Viki G. Taylor
Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; US Geological Survey, Eastern Geography Science Center, Reston, Virginia; Fernbank Science Center, Atlanta, Georgia; St. Tammany Parish Mosquito Abatement District, Slidell, Louisiana; Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Charles Palmisano
Charles Palmisano
Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; US Geological Survey, Eastern Geography Science Center, Reston, Virginia; Fernbank Science Center, Atlanta, Georgia; St. Tammany Parish Mosquito Abatement District, Slidell, Louisiana; Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Dawn M. Wesson
Dawn M. Wesson
Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; US Geological Survey, Eastern Geography Science Center, Reston, Virginia; Fernbank Science Center, Atlanta, Georgia; St. Tammany Parish Mosquito Abatement District, Slidell, Louisiana; Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Stephen C. Guptill
Stephen C. Guptill
Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado; Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; US Geological Survey, Eastern Geography Science Center, Reston, Virginia; Fernbank Science Center, Atlanta, Georgia; St. Tammany Parish Mosquito Abatement District, Slidell, Louisiana; Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
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A study of West Nile virus (WNV) ecology was conducted in St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, from 2002 to 2004. Mosquitoes were collected weekly throughout the year using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) light traps placed at 1.5 and 6 m above the ground and gravid traps. A total of 379,466 mosquitoes was collected. WNV was identified in 32 pools of mosquitoes comprising four species; 23 positive pools were from Culex nigripalpus collected during 2003. Significantly more positive pools were obtained from Cx. nigripalpus collected in traps placed at 6 m than 1.5 m that year, but abundance did not differ by trap height. In contrast, Cx. nigripalpus abundance was significantly greater in traps placed at 6 m in 2002 and 2004. Annual temporal variation in Cx. nigripalpus peak seasonal abundance has important implications for WNV transmission in Louisiana. One WNV-positive pool, from Cx. erraticus, was collected during the winter of 2004, showing year-round transmission. The potential roles of additional mosquito species in WNV transmission in southeastern Louisiana are discussed.
Author Notes
Financial support: Funding for this study was provided by the US Geological Survey and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Authors' addresses: Marvin S. Godsey Jr., Kristen Burkhalter, Mark Delorey, Leah Colton, Dawn Charnetzky, and Genevieve Sutherland, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO, E-mails: mjg9@cdc.gov, ktb3@cdc.gov, esy7@cdc.gov, ant6@cdc.gov, dcharnetzky@yahoo.com, and genevieve_sutherland@yahoo.com. Raymond J. King, Public Health Informatics and Technology Program Office, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, E-mail: rnk8@cdc.gov. Vanessa O. Ezenwa, U.S. Geological Survey, Eastern Geography Science Center, Reston, VA; Current address: Odum School of Ecology and Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, E-mail: vezenwa@uga.edu. Lawrence A. Wilson, Fernbank Science Center, Atlanta, GA, E-mail: larry.wilson@fernbank.edu. Michelle Coffey, Lesley E. Milheim, and Stephen C. Guptill, U.S. Geological Survey, Eastern Geography Science Center, Reston, VA, E-mails: mcoffey@usgs.gov, lmilheim@usgs.gov, and sguptill@guptillgeoscience.com. Viki G. Taylor and Charles Palmisano, St. Tammany Parish Mosquito Abatement District, Slidell, LA, E-mails: bugladyviki@yahoo.com and chuck_palmisano@yahoo.com. Dawn M. Wesson, Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, E-mail: wesson@tulane.edu.
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Reference Manager
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Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Nasci RS, White DJ, Stirling H, Oliver J, Daniels TJ, Falco RC, Campbell S, Crans WJ, Savage HM, Lanciotti RS, Moore CG, Godsey MS, Gottfried KL, Mitchell CJ, 2001. West Nile virus isolates from mosquitoes in New York and New Jersey, 1999. Emerg Infect Dis 7: 626–630.
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2.
Andreadis TG, Anderson JF, Vossbrinck CR, 2001. Mosquito surveillance for West Nile virus in Connecticut, 2000: isolation from Culex pipiens, Cx. restuans, and Culiseta melanura. Emerg Infect Dis 7: 670–674.
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