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1.
Ko AI, Goarant C, Picardeau M, 2009. Leptospira: the dawn of the molecular genetics era for an emerging zoonotic pathogen. Nat Rev Microbiol 7: 736–747.
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Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Related to Leptospirosis among Urban Slum Residents in Brazil
Leptospirosis disproportionately affects residents of urban slums. To understand the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding leptospirosis, we conducted a cross-sectional study among residents of an urban slum community in Salvador, Brazil. Of the 257 residents who were interviewed, 225 (90%) were aware of leptospirosis and more than two-thirds of respondents correctly identified the modes of disease transmission and ways to reduce exposure. However, study participants who performed risk activities such as cleaning open sewers had limited access to protective clothing such as boots (33%) or gloves (35%). Almost all respondents performed at least one activity to prevent household rat infestation, which often included use of an illegal poison. Our findings support the need for interventions targeted at the individual and household levels to reduce risk of leptospirosis until large-scale structural interventions are available to residents of urban slum communities.
Author Notes
Financial support: This work was supported by the Secretariat of Health Surveillance, the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, and the National Institutes of Health (grants U01 AI088752, R01 AI052473, R25 TW009338 and D43 TW00919, Office of the Director, Fogarty International Center, Office of AIDS Research, National Cancer Center, National Eye Institute, National Heart, Blood, and Lung Institute, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institute On Drug Abuse, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and National Institutes of Health Office of Women's Health and Research through the Fogarty International Clinical Research Scholars and Fellows Program at Vanderbilt University [R24 TW007988], and the American Relief and Recovery Act).
Authors' addresses: Wildo Navegantes de Araújo, Brooke Finkmoore, Renato B. Reis, Ridalva D. M. Felzemburgh, Mitermayer G. Reis, and Federico Costa, Gonçalo Moniz Research Center, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, E-mails: wildo.araujo@saude.gov.br, brooke.finkmoore@gmail.com, rbarbosa@aluno.bahia.fiocruz.br, ridalva@gmail.com, miter@bahia.fiocruz.br, and fcosta@pqvisitante.bahia.fiocruz.br. Guilherme S. Ribeiro, Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, E-mail: gsribeiro@ufba.br. José E. Hagan and Albert I. Ko, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, E-mails: jose.hagan@yale.edu, and albert.ko@yale.edu.