Mosquito Species Composition and Plasmodium vivax infection Rates for Korean Army Bases near the Demilitarized Zone in the Republic of Korea, 2011

Dae-Hyun Yoo National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea; 5th Medical Detachment, 168th Multifunctional Medical Battalion, 65th Medical Brigade, Unit 15247, APO AP96205-5247; Department of Health and Environment, Kosin University, Busan, Republic of Korea; Quarantine Section, Incheon Airport National Quarantine Station, Incheon, Republic of Korea

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E-Hyun Shin National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea; 5th Medical Detachment, 168th Multifunctional Medical Battalion, 65th Medical Brigade, Unit 15247, APO AP96205-5247; Department of Health and Environment, Kosin University, Busan, Republic of Korea; Quarantine Section, Incheon Airport National Quarantine Station, Incheon, Republic of Korea

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Mi-Yeoun Park National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea; 5th Medical Detachment, 168th Multifunctional Medical Battalion, 65th Medical Brigade, Unit 15247, APO AP96205-5247; Department of Health and Environment, Kosin University, Busan, Republic of Korea; Quarantine Section, Incheon Airport National Quarantine Station, Incheon, Republic of Korea

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Heung Chul Kim National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea; 5th Medical Detachment, 168th Multifunctional Medical Battalion, 65th Medical Brigade, Unit 15247, APO AP96205-5247; Department of Health and Environment, Kosin University, Busan, Republic of Korea; Quarantine Section, Incheon Airport National Quarantine Station, Incheon, Republic of Korea

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Dong-Kyu Lee National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea; 5th Medical Detachment, 168th Multifunctional Medical Battalion, 65th Medical Brigade, Unit 15247, APO AP96205-5247; Department of Health and Environment, Kosin University, Busan, Republic of Korea; Quarantine Section, Incheon Airport National Quarantine Station, Incheon, Republic of Korea

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Hyun-Ho Lee National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea; 5th Medical Detachment, 168th Multifunctional Medical Battalion, 65th Medical Brigade, Unit 15247, APO AP96205-5247; Department of Health and Environment, Kosin University, Busan, Republic of Korea; Quarantine Section, Incheon Airport National Quarantine Station, Incheon, Republic of Korea

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Hyun Kyung Kim National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea; 5th Medical Detachment, 168th Multifunctional Medical Battalion, 65th Medical Brigade, Unit 15247, APO AP96205-5247; Department of Health and Environment, Kosin University, Busan, Republic of Korea; Quarantine Section, Incheon Airport National Quarantine Station, Incheon, Republic of Korea

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Kyu-Sik Chang National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea; 5th Medical Detachment, 168th Multifunctional Medical Battalion, 65th Medical Brigade, Unit 15247, APO AP96205-5247; Department of Health and Environment, Kosin University, Busan, Republic of Korea; Quarantine Section, Incheon Airport National Quarantine Station, Incheon, Republic of Korea

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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0755
Volume/Issue:
Volume 88: Issue 1
Page(s):
24–28
Restricted access
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Vivax malaria is a significant military and civilian health threat in northern Republic of Korea (ROK). Mosquito collections were performed at two ROK army installations, Paju near the demilitarized zone (DMZ) using black light traps in 2011. The DMZ, a 4 km wide border, is the northernmost point of the ROK and separates the ROK from the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK). Anopheles spp. were identified by polymerase chain reaction and screened for Plasmodium vivax sporozoites. Of 4,354 female Anopheles mosquitoes identified, Anopheles kleini (61.8%) was the most frequently collected, followed by Anopheles pullus (16.0%), Anopheles belenrae (9.0%), Anopheles sinensis (7.4%), Anopheles sineroides (4.2%), and Anopheles lesteri (1.6%). Anopheles kleini, An. pullus, and An. sineroides showed the highest population densities in June, whereas population densities were highest for An. belenrae, An. lesteri, and An. sinensis in August. The maximum likelihood estimation (estimated number of positive mosquitoes/1,000) for P. vivax was highest for An. lesteri (28.9), followed by An. sineroides (23.3), An. belenrae (15.8), An. sinensis (9.6), An. pullus (5.8) and An. kleini (4.2). The seasonal maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) values were variable among Anopheles species. Anopheles belenrae, An. Pullus, and An. sineroides showed the highest seasonal MLE's in July, whereas An. lesteri and An. sinensis exhibited the highest seasonal MLEs in September and An. kleini during August. This is the first report implicating An. sineroides as a vector of P. vivax in the ROK, and extends our knowledge of the distribution and potential role in malaria transmission.

Author Notes

* Address correspondence to Kyu-Sik Chang, Division of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Health, Osongsaengmyeong 2-ro, Gangoe-myeon, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk, 363-951, Republic of Korea. E-mail: inadreal@snu.ac.kr

Financial support: This work was supported by a research grant from Malaria Epidemic Forecast Work performed by the Korea National Institute of Health.

Authors' addresses: Dae-Hyun Yoo, E-Hyun Shin, Mi-Yeoun Park, and Hyun Kyung Kim, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Medical Entomology, Cheongwon-Gun, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea, E-mails: isuperii@hanmail.net, ehshin@nih.go.kr, Chanpark@nih.go.kr, and api@dreamwiz.com. Heung Chul Kim, 5th Medical Detachment, 168th Multifunctional Medical Battalion, Seoul, Republic of Korea, E-mail: hungchol.kim@us.army.mil. Dong-Kyu Lee, Kosin University, Department of Health and Environment, Busan, Republic of Korea, E-mail: leedk@kosin.ac.kr. Hyun-Ho Lee, Incheon Airport National Quarantine Station, Quarantine Station, Incheon, Republic of Korea, E-mail: ihh7103@mw.go.kr. Kyu-Sik Chang, Division of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Health, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea, E-mail: inadreal@snu.ac.kr.

Copyright:
© The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2013
Received:
04 Dec 2011
|
Accepted:
08 Oct 2012
|
Published Online:
09 Jan 2013
Cover The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Print ISSN:
0002-9637
Online ISSN:
1476-1645
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