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In schistosomiasis elimination programs, successful discrimination of Schistosoma haematobium from the related animal Schistosoma parasites will be essential for accurate detection of human parasite transmission. Polymerase chain reaction assays employing primers from two newly selected repeated sequences, named Sh73 and Sh77, did not discriminate S. haematobium when amplifying Sh73-77 intra- or inter-repeats. However, amplification between Sh73 and the previously described DraI repeat exhibited discriminative banding patterns for S. haematobium and Schistosoma bovis (sensitivity 1 pg and 10 pg, respectively). It also enabled banding pattern discrimination of Schistosoma curassoni and Schistosoma intercalatum, but Schistosoma mattheei and Schistosoma margrebowiei did not yield amplicons. Similar inter-repeat amplification between Sh77 and DraI yielded amplicons with discriminative banding for S. haematobium, and S. bovis; however, S. mattheei was detected only at low sensitivity (1 ng). The Sh73/DraI assay detected snails infected with S. haematobium, S. bovis, or both, and should prove useful for screening snails where discrimination of S. haematobium from related schistosomes is required.
Financial support: This research was supported by grants from the U.S. National Institutes of Health: R21AI076672 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and R01TW008067 from the Fogarty International Center through the National Institutes of Health-National Science Foundation Ecology of Infectious Diseases Program.
Authors' addresses: Ibrahim Abbasi and Joseph Hamburger, Department of Molecular Genetics, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel, E-mails: ibrahima@ekmd.huji.ac.il and hambu@cc.huji.ac.il. Curtis Kariuki and Eric M. Muchiri, Division of Vector Borne and Neglected Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation, E-mails: hckariuki@yahoo.com and Ericmmuchiri@gmail.com. Peter L. Mungai, Division of Vector Borne Neglected and Tropical Diseases, Filariasis-Schistosomiasis Research Unit, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, E-mail: plmungai@yahoo.com. Charles H. King, Center for Global Health and Diseases, CWRU School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, E-mail: chk@cwru.edu.