Author:
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Zhou XN, Bergquist R, Leonardo L, Yang GJ, Yang K, Sudomo M, Olveda R, 2010. Schistosomiasis japonica control and research needs. Adv Parasitol 72: 145–178.
-
2.
Wang LD, Guo JG, Wu XH, Chen HG, Wang TP, Zhu SP, Zhang ZH, Steinmann P, Yang GJ, Wang SP, Wu ZD, Wang LY, Hao Y, Bergquist R, Utzinger J, Zhou XN, 2009. China's new strategy to block Schistosoma japonicum transmission: experiences and impact beyond schistosomiasis. Trop Med Int Health 14: 1475–1483.
-
3.
Savioli L, Gabrielli AF, Montresor A, Chitsulo L, Engels D, 2009. Schistosomiasis control in Africa: 8 years after World Health Assembly Resolution 54.19. Parasitology 136: 1677–1681.
-
4.
WHO, 2009. Elimination of Schistosomiasis from Low-Transmission Areas: Report of a WHO Informal Consultation. Salvador, Brazil: WHO.
-
5.
Lin DD, Liu JX, Liu YM, Hu F, Zhang YY, Xu JM, Li JY, Ji MJ, Bergquist R, Wu GL, Wu HW, 2008. Routine Kato-Katz technique underestimates the prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum: a case study in an endemic area of the People's Republic of China. Parasitol Int 57: 281–286.
-
6.
Yu JM, de Vlas SJ, Jiang QW, Gryseels B, 2007. Comparison of the Kato-Katz technique, hatching test and indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA) for the diagnosis of Schistosoma japonicum infection in China. Parasitol Int 56: 45–49.
-
7.
Zhang YY, Luo JP, Liu YM, Wang QZ, Chen JH, Xu MX, Xu JM, Wu J, Tu XM, Wu GL, Zhang ZS, Wu HW, 2009. Evaluation of Kato-Katz examination method in three areas with low-level endemicity of schistosomiasis japonica in China: a Bayesian modeling approach. Acta Trop 112: 16–22.
-
8.
Xu J, Peeling RW, Chen JX, Wu XH, Wu ZD, Wang SP, Feng T, Chen SH, Li H, Guo JG, Zhou XN, 2011. Evaluation of immunoassays for the diagnosis of Schistosoma japonicum infection using archived sera. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 5: e949.
-
9.
Zhou XN, Xu J, Chen HG, Wang TP, Huang XB, Lin DD, Wang QZ, Tang L, Guo JG, Wu XH, Feng T, Chen JX, Guo J, Chen SH, Li H, Wu ZD, Peeling RW, 2011. Tools to support policy decisions related to treatment strategies and surveillance of schistosomiasis japonica towards elimination. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 5: e1408.
-
10.
Zhu YC, 2005. Immunodiagnosis and its role in schistosomiasis control in China: a review. Acta Trop 96: 130–136.
-
11.
Wang W, Li Y, Li H, Xing Y, Qu G, Dai J, Liang Y, 2012. Immunodiagnostic efficacy of detection of Schistosoma japonicum human infections in China: a meta analysis. Asian Pac J Trop Med 5: 15–23.
-
12.
Gomes LI, Marques LH, Enk MJ, Coelho PM, Rabello A, 2009. Further evaluation of an updated PCR assay for the detection of Schistosoma mansoni DNA in human stool samples. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 104: 1194–1196.
-
13.
Hamburger J, He N, Abbasi I, Ramzy RM, Jourdane J, Ruppel A, 2001. Polymerase chain reaction assay based on a highly repeated sequence of Schistosoma haematobium: a potential tool for monitoring schistosome-infested water. Am J Trop Med Hyg 65: 907–911.
-
14.
Pontes LA, Dias-Neto E, Rabello A, 2002. Detection by polymerase chain reaction of Schistosoma mansoni DNA in human serum and feces. Am J Trop Med Hyg 66: 157–162.
-
15.
Pontes LA, Oliveira MC, Katz N, Dias-Neto E, Rabello A, 2003. Comparison of a polymerase chain reaction and the Kato-Katz technique for diagnosing infection with Schistosoma mansoni. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68: 652–656.
-
16.
Sandoval N, Siles-Lucas M, Perez-Arellano JL, Carranza C, Puente S, Lopez-Aban J, Muro A, 2006. A new PCR-based approach for the specific amplification of DNA from different Schistosoma species applicable to human urine samples. Parasitology 133: 581–587.
-
17.
Lier T, Johansen MV, Hjelmevoll SO, Vennervald BJ, Simonsen GS, 2008. Real-time PCR for detection of low intensity Schistosoma japonicum infections in a pig model. Acta Trop 105: 74–80.
-
18.
Lier T, Simonsen GS, Haaheim H, Hjelmevoll SO, Vennervald BJ, Johansen MV, 2006. Novel real-time PCR for detection of Schistosoma japonicum in stool. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 37: 257–264.
-
19.
Lier T, Simonsen GS, Wang T, Lu D, Haukland HH, Vennervald BJ, Hegstad J, Johansen MV, 2009. Real-time polymerase chain reaction for detection of low-intensity Schistosoma japonicum infections in China. Am J Trop Med Hyg 81: 428–432.
-
20.
Thanchomnang T, Intapan P, Sri-Aroon P, Lulitanond V, Janwan P, Sanpool O, Maleewong W, 2011. Molecular detection of Schistosoma japonicum in infected snails and mouse feces using a real-time PCR assay with FRET hybridization probes. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 106: 831–836.
-
21.
Wu HW, Qin YF, Chu K, Meng R, Liu Y, McGarvey ST, Olveda R, Acosta L, Ji MJ, Fernandez T, Friedman JF, Kurtis JD, 2010. High prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum infection in water buffaloes in the Philippines assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Am J Trop Med Hyg 82: 646–652.
-
22.
Xia CM, Rong R, Lu ZX, Shi CJ, Xu J, Zhang HQ, Gong W, Luo W, 2009. Schistosoma japonicum: a PCR assay for the early detection and evaluation of treatment in a rabbit model. Exp Parasitol 121: 175–179.
-
23.
Liang S, Yang C, Zhong B, Qiu D, 2006. Re-emerging schistosomiasis in hilly and mountainous areas of Sichuan, China. Bull World Health Organ 84: 139–144.
-
24.
Carlton EJ, Bates MN, Zhong B, Seto EY, Spear RC, 2011. Evaluation of mammalian and intermediate host surveillance methods for detecting schistosomiasis reemergence in southwest China. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 5: e987.
-
25.
Department of Diseases Control, 2000. Textbook for Schistosomiasis Control. Shanghai: Shanghai Publishing House for Science and Technology.
-
26.
Katz N, Chaves A, Pellegrino J, 1972. A simple device for quantitative stool thick-smear technique in schistosomiasis mansoni. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 14: 397–400.
-
27.
Dacombe RJ, Crampin AC, Floyd S, Randall A, Ndhlovu R, Bickle Q, Fine PE, 2007. Time delays between patient and laboratory selectively affect accuracy of helminth diagnosis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 101: 140–145.
-
28.
King CH, Dickman K, Tisch DJ, 2005. Reassessment of the cost of chronic helmintic infection: a meta-analysis of disability-related outcomes in endemic schistosomiasis. Lancet 365: 1561–1569.
-
29.
Carlton EJ, Hsiang M, Zhang Y, Johnson S, Hubbard A, Spear RC, 2010. The impact of Schistosoma japonicum infection and treatment on ultrasound-detectable morbidity: a five-year cohort study in Southwest China. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 4: e685.
-
30.
Ezeamama AE, Friedman JF, Olveda RM, Acosta LP, Kurtis JD, Mor V, McGarvey ST, 2005. Functional significance of low-intensity polyparasite helminth infections in anemia. J Infect Dis 192: 2160–2170.
-
31.
Spear RC, Seto EY, Carlton EJ, Liang S, Remais JV, Zhong B, Qiu D, 2011. The challenge of effective surveillance in moving from low transmission to elimination of schistosomiasis in China. Int J Parasitol 41: 1243–1247.
-
32.
Yu JM, de Vlas SJ, Yuan HC, Gryseels B, 1998. Variations in fecal Schistosoma japonicum egg counts. Am J Trop Med Hyg 59: 370–375.
-
33.
Ross AG, Li Y, Sleigh AC, Williams GM, McManus DP, 1998. Fecal egg aggregation in humans infected with Schistosoma japonicum in China. Acta Trop 70: 205–210.
-
34.
Hubbard A, Liang S, Maszle D, Qiu D, Gu X, Spear RC, 2002. Estimating the distribution of worm burden and egg excretion of Schistosoma japonicum by risk group in Sichuan province, China. Parasitology 125: 221–231.
-
35.
Xu J, Rong R, Zhang HQ, Shi CJ, Zhu XQ, Xia CM, 2010. Sensitive and rapid detection of Schistosoma japonicum DNA by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). Int J Parasitol 40: 327–331.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 39 | 39 | 14 |
| Full Text Views | 477 | 102 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 71 | 14 | 0 |
Field Evaluation of a PCR Test for Schistosoma japonicum Egg Detection in Low-Prevalence Regions of China
Mai S. Fung
Mai S. Fung
Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California; Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health; WHO Collaborating Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Shanghai, China
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Ning Xiao
Ning Xiao
Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California; Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health; WHO Collaborating Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Shanghai, China
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Shuo Wang
Shuo Wang
Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California; Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health; WHO Collaborating Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Shanghai, China
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Elizabeth J. Carlton
Elizabeth J. Carlton
Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California; Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health; WHO Collaborating Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Shanghai, China
Search for other papers by Elizabeth J. Carlton in
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PubMed
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Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Sensitive Schistosoma japonicum detection methods are needed to progress from schistosomiasis control to elimination. The sensitivity of the Kato-Katz thick smear and miracidium hatching tests decrease with infection intensity and serological tests cannot always identify current infections. We evaluated a fecal polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay to detect S. japonicum infection in 106 humans and 8 bovines in China. PCR was highly sensitive, detecting S. japonicum DNA at 0.5 eggs/g of stool. Comparing PCR examination of a single stool sample to the miracidium hatching test using three consecutive stool samples, more humans were hatching test positive (20%) than PCR positive (15%). However, two individuals were PCR positive in a village where no infections were detected by coprological methods. The sensitivity of PCR makes it a promising tool for schistosomiasis diagnostics and screening, although egg shedding variability and stool sample size present challenges for any detection method in low-transmission areas.
Author Notes
Financial support: This work was made possible by a grant from the Center for Global Public Health at the University of California, Berkeley and a grant from the National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI068854).
Authors' addresses: Mai S. Fung, Shuo Wang, and Elizabeth J. Carlton, Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, E-mails: maifung@berkeley.edu, shuowang@berkeley.edu, and ejcarlton@berkeley.edu. Ning Xiao, Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (Ning Xiao's current address is National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health; WHO Collaborating Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis, Shanghai, China), E-mail: ningxiao116@yahoo.com.cn.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Zhou XN, Bergquist R, Leonardo L, Yang GJ, Yang K, Sudomo M, Olveda R, 2010. Schistosomiasis japonica control and research needs. Adv Parasitol 72: 145–178.
-
2.
Wang LD, Guo JG, Wu XH, Chen HG, Wang TP, Zhu SP, Zhang ZH, Steinmann P, Yang GJ, Wang SP, Wu ZD, Wang LY, Hao Y, Bergquist R, Utzinger J, Zhou XN, 2009. China's new strategy to block Schistosoma japonicum transmission: experiences and impact beyond schistosomiasis. Trop Med Int Health 14: 1475–1483.
-
3.
Savioli L, Gabrielli AF, Montresor A, Chitsulo L, Engels D, 2009. Schistosomiasis control in Africa: 8 years after World Health Assembly Resolution 54.19. Parasitology 136: 1677–1681.
-
4.
WHO, 2009. Elimination of Schistosomiasis from Low-Transmission Areas: Report of a WHO Informal Consultation. Salvador, Brazil: WHO.
-
5.
Lin DD, Liu JX, Liu YM, Hu F, Zhang YY, Xu JM, Li JY, Ji MJ, Bergquist R, Wu GL, Wu HW, 2008. Routine Kato-Katz technique underestimates the prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum: a case study in an endemic area of the People's Republic of China. Parasitol Int 57: 281–286.
-
6.
Yu JM, de Vlas SJ, Jiang QW, Gryseels B, 2007. Comparison of the Kato-Katz technique, hatching test and indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA) for the diagnosis of Schistosoma japonicum infection in China. Parasitol Int 56: 45–49.
-
7.
Zhang YY, Luo JP, Liu YM, Wang QZ, Chen JH, Xu MX, Xu JM, Wu J, Tu XM, Wu GL, Zhang ZS, Wu HW, 2009. Evaluation of Kato-Katz examination method in three areas with low-level endemicity of schistosomiasis japonica in China: a Bayesian modeling approach. Acta Trop 112: 16–22.
-
8.
Xu J, Peeling RW, Chen JX, Wu XH, Wu ZD, Wang SP, Feng T, Chen SH, Li H, Guo JG, Zhou XN, 2011. Evaluation of immunoassays for the diagnosis of Schistosoma japonicum infection using archived sera. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 5: e949.
-
9.
Zhou XN, Xu J, Chen HG, Wang TP, Huang XB, Lin DD, Wang QZ, Tang L, Guo JG, Wu XH, Feng T, Chen JX, Guo J, Chen SH, Li H, Wu ZD, Peeling RW, 2011. Tools to support policy decisions related to treatment strategies and surveillance of schistosomiasis japonica towards elimination. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 5: e1408.
-
10.
Zhu YC, 2005. Immunodiagnosis and its role in schistosomiasis control in China: a review. Acta Trop 96: 130–136.
-
11.
Wang W, Li Y, Li H, Xing Y, Qu G, Dai J, Liang Y, 2012. Immunodiagnostic efficacy of detection of Schistosoma japonicum human infections in China: a meta analysis. Asian Pac J Trop Med 5: 15–23.
-
12.
Gomes LI, Marques LH, Enk MJ, Coelho PM, Rabello A, 2009. Further evaluation of an updated PCR assay for the detection of Schistosoma mansoni DNA in human stool samples. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 104: 1194–1196.
-
13.
Hamburger J, He N, Abbasi I, Ramzy RM, Jourdane J, Ruppel A, 2001. Polymerase chain reaction assay based on a highly repeated sequence of Schistosoma haematobium: a potential tool for monitoring schistosome-infested water. Am J Trop Med Hyg 65: 907–911.
-
14.
Pontes LA, Dias-Neto E, Rabello A, 2002. Detection by polymerase chain reaction of Schistosoma mansoni DNA in human serum and feces. Am J Trop Med Hyg 66: 157–162.
-
15.
Pontes LA, Oliveira MC, Katz N, Dias-Neto E, Rabello A, 2003. Comparison of a polymerase chain reaction and the Kato-Katz technique for diagnosing infection with Schistosoma mansoni. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68: 652–656.
-
16.
Sandoval N, Siles-Lucas M, Perez-Arellano JL, Carranza C, Puente S, Lopez-Aban J, Muro A, 2006. A new PCR-based approach for the specific amplification of DNA from different Schistosoma species applicable to human urine samples. Parasitology 133: 581–587.
-
17.
Lier T, Johansen MV, Hjelmevoll SO, Vennervald BJ, Simonsen GS, 2008. Real-time PCR for detection of low intensity Schistosoma japonicum infections in a pig model. Acta Trop 105: 74–80.
-
18.
Lier T, Simonsen GS, Haaheim H, Hjelmevoll SO, Vennervald BJ, Johansen MV, 2006. Novel real-time PCR for detection of Schistosoma japonicum in stool. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 37: 257–264.
-
19.
Lier T, Simonsen GS, Wang T, Lu D, Haukland HH, Vennervald BJ, Hegstad J, Johansen MV, 2009. Real-time polymerase chain reaction for detection of low-intensity Schistosoma japonicum infections in China. Am J Trop Med Hyg 81: 428–432.
-
20.
Thanchomnang T, Intapan P, Sri-Aroon P, Lulitanond V, Janwan P, Sanpool O, Maleewong W, 2011. Molecular detection of Schistosoma japonicum in infected snails and mouse feces using a real-time PCR assay with FRET hybridization probes. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 106: 831–836.
-
21.
Wu HW, Qin YF, Chu K, Meng R, Liu Y, McGarvey ST, Olveda R, Acosta L, Ji MJ, Fernandez T, Friedman JF, Kurtis JD, 2010. High prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum infection in water buffaloes in the Philippines assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Am J Trop Med Hyg 82: 646–652.
-
22.
Xia CM, Rong R, Lu ZX, Shi CJ, Xu J, Zhang HQ, Gong W, Luo W, 2009. Schistosoma japonicum: a PCR assay for the early detection and evaluation of treatment in a rabbit model. Exp Parasitol 121: 175–179.
-
23.
Liang S, Yang C, Zhong B, Qiu D, 2006. Re-emerging schistosomiasis in hilly and mountainous areas of Sichuan, China. Bull World Health Organ 84: 139–144.
-
24.
Carlton EJ, Bates MN, Zhong B, Seto EY, Spear RC, 2011. Evaluation of mammalian and intermediate host surveillance methods for detecting schistosomiasis reemergence in southwest China. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 5: e987.
-
25.
Department of Diseases Control, 2000. Textbook for Schistosomiasis Control. Shanghai: Shanghai Publishing House for Science and Technology.
-
26.
Katz N, Chaves A, Pellegrino J, 1972. A simple device for quantitative stool thick-smear technique in schistosomiasis mansoni. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 14: 397–400.
-
27.
Dacombe RJ, Crampin AC, Floyd S, Randall A, Ndhlovu R, Bickle Q, Fine PE, 2007. Time delays between patient and laboratory selectively affect accuracy of helminth diagnosis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 101: 140–145.
-
28.
King CH, Dickman K, Tisch DJ, 2005. Reassessment of the cost of chronic helmintic infection: a meta-analysis of disability-related outcomes in endemic schistosomiasis. Lancet 365: 1561–1569.
-
29.
Carlton EJ, Hsiang M, Zhang Y, Johnson S, Hubbard A, Spear RC, 2010. The impact of Schistosoma japonicum infection and treatment on ultrasound-detectable morbidity: a five-year cohort study in Southwest China. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 4: e685.
-
30.
Ezeamama AE, Friedman JF, Olveda RM, Acosta LP, Kurtis JD, Mor V, McGarvey ST, 2005. Functional significance of low-intensity polyparasite helminth infections in anemia. J Infect Dis 192: 2160–2170.
-
31.
Spear RC, Seto EY, Carlton EJ, Liang S, Remais JV, Zhong B, Qiu D, 2011. The challenge of effective surveillance in moving from low transmission to elimination of schistosomiasis in China. Int J Parasitol 41: 1243–1247.
-
32.
Yu JM, de Vlas SJ, Yuan HC, Gryseels B, 1998. Variations in fecal Schistosoma japonicum egg counts. Am J Trop Med Hyg 59: 370–375.
-
33.
Ross AG, Li Y, Sleigh AC, Williams GM, McManus DP, 1998. Fecal egg aggregation in humans infected with Schistosoma japonicum in China. Acta Trop 70: 205–210.
-
34.
Hubbard A, Liang S, Maszle D, Qiu D, Gu X, Spear RC, 2002. Estimating the distribution of worm burden and egg excretion of Schistosoma japonicum by risk group in Sichuan province, China. Parasitology 125: 221–231.
-
35.
Xu J, Rong R, Zhang HQ, Shi CJ, Zhu XQ, Xia CM, 2010. Sensitive and rapid detection of Schistosoma japonicum DNA by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). Int J Parasitol 40: 327–331.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 39 | 39 | 14 |
| Full Text Views | 477 | 102 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 71 | 14 | 0 |