Farthing MJ, Cevallos AM, Kelly P, 2009. Intestinal protozoa. Cook GC, Zumla AI, eds. Manson's Tropical Diseases. Twenty-second edition. Edinburgh, UK: Elsevier Science Limited and W.B. Saunders, 1375–1387.
Stanley SL Jr, 2003. Amoebiasis. Lancet 361: 1025–1034.
Ansart S, Perez L, Vergely O, Danis M, Bricaire F, Caumes E, 2005. Illnesses in travelers returning from the tropics: a prospective study of 622 patients. J Travel Med 12: 312–318.
Marn H, Ignatius R, Tannich E, Harms G, Schurmann M, Dieckmann S, 2012. Amoebic liver abscess with negative serologic markers for Entamoeba histolytica: mind the gap! Infection 40: 87–91.
Singh A, Houpt E, Petri WA, 2009. Rapid diagnosis of intestinal parasitic protozoa, with a focus on Entamoeba histolytica. Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis 2009: 547090.
Gonin P, Trudel L, 2003. Detection and differentiation of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar isolates in clinical samples by PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. J Clin Microbiol 41: 237–241.
Khan U, Mirdha BR, Samantaray JC, Sharma MP, 2006. Detection of Entamoeba histolytica using polymerase chain reaction in pus samples from amebic liver abscess. Indian J Gastroenterol 25: 55–57.
Khairnar K, Parija SC, 2008. Detection of Entamoeba histolytica DNA in the saliva of amoebic liver abscess patients who received prior treatment with metronidazole. J Health Popul Nutr 26: 418–425.
Haque R, Kabir M, Noor Z, Rahman SM, Mondal D, Alam F, Rahman I, Al Mahmood A, Ahmed N, Petri WA Jr, 2010. Diagnosis of amebic liver abscess and amebic colitis by detection of Entamoeba histolytica DNA in blood, urine, and saliva by a real-time PCR assay. J Clin Microbiol 48: 2798–2801.
Parija SC, Khairnar K, 2007. Detection of excretory Entamoeba histolytica DNA in the urine, and detection of E. histolytica DNA and lectin antigen in the liver abscess pus for the diagnosis of amoebic liver abscess. BMC Microbiol 7: 41.
Ahmad N, Khan M, Hoque MI, Haque R, Mondol D, 2007. Detection of Entamoeba histolytica DNA from liver abscess aspirate using polymerase chain reaction (PCR): a diagnostic tool for amoebic liver abscess. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 33: 13–20.
Zaman S, Khoo J, Ng SW, Ahmed R, Khan MA, Hussain R, Zaman V, 2000. Direct amplification of Entamoeba histolytica DNA from amoebic liver abscess pus using polymerase chain reaction. Parasitol Res 86: 724–728.
Roy S, Kabir M, Mondal D, Ali IK, Petri WA Jr, Haque R, 2005. Real-time-PCR assay for diagnosis of Entamoeba histolytica infection. J Clin Microbiol 43: 2168–2172.
Zengzhu G, Bracha R, Nuchamowitz Y, Cheng IW, Mirelman D, 1999. Analysis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and PCR of human liver abscess aspirates from patients in China for Entamoeba histolytica. J Clin Microbiol 37: 3034–3036.
Gutierrez-Cisneros MJ, Martin-Rabadan P, Menchen L, Garcia-Lechuz JM, Fuentes I, Garate T, Bouza E, 2009. Autochthonous amebic liver abscess in Spain: an emerging disease? Case report and description of a PCR-based diagnostic test. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 27: 326–330.
Dellinger RP, Levy MM, Carlet JM, Bion J, Parker MM, Jaeschke R, Reinhart K, Angus DC, Brun-Buisson C, Beale R, Calandra T, Dhainaut JF, Gerlach H, Harvey M, Marini JJ, Marshall J, Ranieri M, Ramsay G, Sevransky J, Thompson BT, Townsend S, Vender JS, Zimmerman JL, Vincent JL, 2008. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock: 2008. Intensive Care Med 34: 17–60.
Khan R, Hamid S, Abid S, Jafri W, Abbas Z, Islam M, Shah H, Beg S, 2008. Predictive factors for early aspiration in liver abscess. World J Gastroenterol 14: 2089–2093.
Acuna-Soto R, Samuelson J, De Girolami P, Zarate L, Millan-Velasco F, Schoolnick G, Wirth D, 1993. Application of the polymerase chain reaction to the epidemiology of pathogenic and nonpathogenic Entamoeba histolytica. Am J Trop Med Hyg 48: 58–70.
Heid CA, Stevens J, Livak KJ, Williams PM, 1996. Real-time quantitative PCR. Genome Res 6: 986–994.
Mathur S, Gehlot RS, Mohta A, Bhargava N, 2002. Clinical profile of amoebic liver abscess. J Indian Acad Clin Med 3: 367–373.
Sharma N, Sharma A, Varma S, Lal A, Singh V, 2010. Amoebic liver abscess in the medical emergency of a North Indian hospital. BMC Res Notes. 3: 21.
Wiwanitkit V, 2002. A note on clinical presentations of amebic liver abscess: an overview from 62 Thai patients. BMC Fam Pract 3: 13.
Djossou F, Malvy D, Tamboura M, Beylot J, Lamouliatte H, Longy-Boursier M, Le Bras M, 2003. Amoebic liver abscess. Study of 20 cases with literature review. Rev Med Interne 24: 97–106.
Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques (INSEE), 2008. French population census. Available at: http://www.insee.fr.
Salit IE, Khairnar K, Gough K, Pillai DR, 2009. A possible cluster of sexually transmitted Entamoeba histolytica: genetic analysis of a highly virulent strain. Clin Infect Dis 49: 346–353.
Petri W, Haque R, 2010. Entamoeba species, including Amebiasis. Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin RE, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Seventh edition. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone, 3411–3425.
Juniper K Jr, Worrell CL, Minshew MC, Roth LS, Cypert H, Lloyd RE, 1972. Serologic diagnosis of amebiasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 21: 157–168.
Knobloch J, Mannweiler E, 1983. Development and persistence of antibodies to Entamoeba histolytica in patients with amebic liver abscess. Analysis of 216 cases. Am J Trop Med Hyg 32: 727–732.
Tanyuksel M, Petri WA Jr, 2003. Laboratory diagnosis of amebiasis. Clin Microbiol Rev 16: 713–729.
Gathiram V, Jackson TF, 1987. A longitudinal study of asymptomatic carriers of pathogenic zymodemes of Entamoeba histolytica. S Afr Med J 72: 669–672.
Caballero-Salcedo A, Viveros-Rogel M, Salvatierra B, Tapia-Conyer R, Sepulveda-Amor J, Gutierrez G, Ortiz-Ortiz L, 1994. Seroepidemiology of amebiasis in Mexico. Am J Trop Med Hyg 50: 412–419.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 2096 | 1967 | 575 |
Full Text Views | 276 | 1 | 0 |
PDF Downloads | 60 | 1 | 0 |
Amebic liver abscesses (ALA) are not commonly described in travelers. The ALA diagnosis is usually based on serology and Entamoeba histolytica polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a new tool. We retrospectively reviewed all ALA cases diagnosed by PCR on the liver abscess pus aspirate of patients admitted in French hospitals between 2007 and 2011. Fourteen cases (10 male, median age 48 years) were included. The median lag time between return and onset of symptoms was 23 days (interquartile range [IQ] 18–24). All patients had an elevated cardiopulmonary resuscitation level, and 11 had leukocytosis. The ALA was multiple in five patients, localized in the right lobe in 12, and higher than 5 cm in 11. Serology was initially negative in one patient, whereas PCR was positive. There was bacterial co-infection in one patient. The outcome was good. Liver puncture allows a rapid diagnosis of ALA with PCR and helps identify the association with a bacterial dual infection.
Authors' addresses: Dorothée Vallois, Loïc Epelboin, François Bricaire, and Eric Caumes, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France, E-mails: dvallois@yahoo.com, epelboincrh@hotmail.fr, francois.bricaire@psl.aphp.fr, and eric.caumes@psl.aphp.fr. Feriel Touafek and Marc Thellier, Mycology and Parasitology Laboratory, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France, E-mails: feriel.touafek@psl.aphp.fr and marc.thellier@psl.aphp.fr. Denis Magne, Mycology and Parasitology Laboratory, Groupe Hospitalier St. Antoine, Paris, France, E-mail: denis.magne@sat.aphp.fr.
Farthing MJ, Cevallos AM, Kelly P, 2009. Intestinal protozoa. Cook GC, Zumla AI, eds. Manson's Tropical Diseases. Twenty-second edition. Edinburgh, UK: Elsevier Science Limited and W.B. Saunders, 1375–1387.
Stanley SL Jr, 2003. Amoebiasis. Lancet 361: 1025–1034.
Ansart S, Perez L, Vergely O, Danis M, Bricaire F, Caumes E, 2005. Illnesses in travelers returning from the tropics: a prospective study of 622 patients. J Travel Med 12: 312–318.
Marn H, Ignatius R, Tannich E, Harms G, Schurmann M, Dieckmann S, 2012. Amoebic liver abscess with negative serologic markers for Entamoeba histolytica: mind the gap! Infection 40: 87–91.
Singh A, Houpt E, Petri WA, 2009. Rapid diagnosis of intestinal parasitic protozoa, with a focus on Entamoeba histolytica. Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis 2009: 547090.
Gonin P, Trudel L, 2003. Detection and differentiation of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar isolates in clinical samples by PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. J Clin Microbiol 41: 237–241.
Khan U, Mirdha BR, Samantaray JC, Sharma MP, 2006. Detection of Entamoeba histolytica using polymerase chain reaction in pus samples from amebic liver abscess. Indian J Gastroenterol 25: 55–57.
Khairnar K, Parija SC, 2008. Detection of Entamoeba histolytica DNA in the saliva of amoebic liver abscess patients who received prior treatment with metronidazole. J Health Popul Nutr 26: 418–425.
Haque R, Kabir M, Noor Z, Rahman SM, Mondal D, Alam F, Rahman I, Al Mahmood A, Ahmed N, Petri WA Jr, 2010. Diagnosis of amebic liver abscess and amebic colitis by detection of Entamoeba histolytica DNA in blood, urine, and saliva by a real-time PCR assay. J Clin Microbiol 48: 2798–2801.
Parija SC, Khairnar K, 2007. Detection of excretory Entamoeba histolytica DNA in the urine, and detection of E. histolytica DNA and lectin antigen in the liver abscess pus for the diagnosis of amoebic liver abscess. BMC Microbiol 7: 41.
Ahmad N, Khan M, Hoque MI, Haque R, Mondol D, 2007. Detection of Entamoeba histolytica DNA from liver abscess aspirate using polymerase chain reaction (PCR): a diagnostic tool for amoebic liver abscess. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 33: 13–20.
Zaman S, Khoo J, Ng SW, Ahmed R, Khan MA, Hussain R, Zaman V, 2000. Direct amplification of Entamoeba histolytica DNA from amoebic liver abscess pus using polymerase chain reaction. Parasitol Res 86: 724–728.
Roy S, Kabir M, Mondal D, Ali IK, Petri WA Jr, Haque R, 2005. Real-time-PCR assay for diagnosis of Entamoeba histolytica infection. J Clin Microbiol 43: 2168–2172.
Zengzhu G, Bracha R, Nuchamowitz Y, Cheng IW, Mirelman D, 1999. Analysis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and PCR of human liver abscess aspirates from patients in China for Entamoeba histolytica. J Clin Microbiol 37: 3034–3036.
Gutierrez-Cisneros MJ, Martin-Rabadan P, Menchen L, Garcia-Lechuz JM, Fuentes I, Garate T, Bouza E, 2009. Autochthonous amebic liver abscess in Spain: an emerging disease? Case report and description of a PCR-based diagnostic test. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 27: 326–330.
Dellinger RP, Levy MM, Carlet JM, Bion J, Parker MM, Jaeschke R, Reinhart K, Angus DC, Brun-Buisson C, Beale R, Calandra T, Dhainaut JF, Gerlach H, Harvey M, Marini JJ, Marshall J, Ranieri M, Ramsay G, Sevransky J, Thompson BT, Townsend S, Vender JS, Zimmerman JL, Vincent JL, 2008. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock: 2008. Intensive Care Med 34: 17–60.
Khan R, Hamid S, Abid S, Jafri W, Abbas Z, Islam M, Shah H, Beg S, 2008. Predictive factors for early aspiration in liver abscess. World J Gastroenterol 14: 2089–2093.
Acuna-Soto R, Samuelson J, De Girolami P, Zarate L, Millan-Velasco F, Schoolnick G, Wirth D, 1993. Application of the polymerase chain reaction to the epidemiology of pathogenic and nonpathogenic Entamoeba histolytica. Am J Trop Med Hyg 48: 58–70.
Heid CA, Stevens J, Livak KJ, Williams PM, 1996. Real-time quantitative PCR. Genome Res 6: 986–994.
Mathur S, Gehlot RS, Mohta A, Bhargava N, 2002. Clinical profile of amoebic liver abscess. J Indian Acad Clin Med 3: 367–373.
Sharma N, Sharma A, Varma S, Lal A, Singh V, 2010. Amoebic liver abscess in the medical emergency of a North Indian hospital. BMC Res Notes. 3: 21.
Wiwanitkit V, 2002. A note on clinical presentations of amebic liver abscess: an overview from 62 Thai patients. BMC Fam Pract 3: 13.
Djossou F, Malvy D, Tamboura M, Beylot J, Lamouliatte H, Longy-Boursier M, Le Bras M, 2003. Amoebic liver abscess. Study of 20 cases with literature review. Rev Med Interne 24: 97–106.
Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques (INSEE), 2008. French population census. Available at: http://www.insee.fr.
Salit IE, Khairnar K, Gough K, Pillai DR, 2009. A possible cluster of sexually transmitted Entamoeba histolytica: genetic analysis of a highly virulent strain. Clin Infect Dis 49: 346–353.
Petri W, Haque R, 2010. Entamoeba species, including Amebiasis. Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin RE, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Seventh edition. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone, 3411–3425.
Juniper K Jr, Worrell CL, Minshew MC, Roth LS, Cypert H, Lloyd RE, 1972. Serologic diagnosis of amebiasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 21: 157–168.
Knobloch J, Mannweiler E, 1983. Development and persistence of antibodies to Entamoeba histolytica in patients with amebic liver abscess. Analysis of 216 cases. Am J Trop Med Hyg 32: 727–732.
Tanyuksel M, Petri WA Jr, 2003. Laboratory diagnosis of amebiasis. Clin Microbiol Rev 16: 713–729.
Gathiram V, Jackson TF, 1987. A longitudinal study of asymptomatic carriers of pathogenic zymodemes of Entamoeba histolytica. S Afr Med J 72: 669–672.
Caballero-Salcedo A, Viveros-Rogel M, Salvatierra B, Tapia-Conyer R, Sepulveda-Amor J, Gutierrez G, Ortiz-Ortiz L, 1994. Seroepidemiology of amebiasis in Mexico. Am J Trop Med Hyg 50: 412–419.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 2096 | 1967 | 575 |
Full Text Views | 276 | 1 | 0 |
PDF Downloads | 60 | 1 | 0 |