Zhou XN, Wang LY, Chen MG, Wu XH, Jiang QW, Chen XY, Zheng J, Utzinger J, 2005. The public health significance and control of schistosomiasis in China–then and now. Acta Trop 96: 97– 105.
Zhou XN, Guo JG, Wu XH, Jiang QW, Zheng J, Dang H, Wang XH, Xu J, Zhu HQ, Wu GL, Li YS, Xu XJ, Chen HG, Wang TP, Zhu YC, Qiu DC, Dong XQ, Zhao GM, Zhang SJ, Zhao NQ, Xia G, Wang LY, Zhang SQ, Lin DD, Chen MG, Hao Y, 2007. Epidemiology of schistosomiasis in the People's Republic of China, 2004. Emerg Infect Dis 13: 1470– 1476.
Oliveira AL, Da Silva D, Zanotti-Magalhaes EM, Abdel-Hamid AZ, Ribeiro-Paes JT, 2008. Schistosome/mollusk: genetic compatibility. Genet Mol Res 7: 518– 526.
Bergquist R, Tanner M, 2010. Controlling schistosomiasis in southeast Asia: a tale of two countries. Adv Parasitol 72: 109– 144.
Gray DJ, Ross AG, Li YS, McManus DP, 2011. Diagnosis and management of schistosomiasis. BMJ 17: d2651.
Gomes LI, Dos Santos Marques LH, Enk MJ, de Oliveira MC, Coelho PM, Rabello A, 2010. Development and evaluation of a sensitive PCR-ELISA system for detection of Schistosoma infection in feces. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 4: e664.
Lin DD, Xu JM, Zhang YY, Liu YM, Hu F, Xu XL, Li JY, Gao ZL, Wu HW, Kurtis J, Wu GL, 2008. Evaluation of IgG-ELISA for the diagnosis of Schistosoma japonicum in a high prevalence, low intensity endemic area of China. Acta Trop 107: 128– 133.
Jin YM, Lu K, Zhou WF, Fu ZQ, Liu JM, Shi YJ, Li H, Lin JJ, 2010. Comparison of recombinant proteins from Schistosoma japonicum for schistosomiasis diagnosis. Clin Vaccine Immunol 17: 476– 480.
Zhu YC, 2005. Immunodiagnosis and its role in schistosomiasis control in China: a review. Acta Trop 96: 130– 136.
Olsvik O, Popovic T, Skjerve E, Cudjoe KS, Hornes E, Ugelstad J, Uhlén M, 1994. Magnetic separation techniques in diagnostic microbiology. Clin Microbiol Rev 7: 43– 54.
Teixeira CF, Neuhauss E, Ben R, Romanzini J, Graeff-Teixeira C, 2007. Detection of Schistosoma mansoni eggs in feces through their interaction with paramagnetic beads in a magnetic field. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 1: e73.
Lei JH, Liu WQ, Sun CS, Tang CL, Li MJ, Chen YL, Li YL, 2009. Detection of circulating antigen in serum of mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum by immunomagnetic bead ELISA based on IgY. Acta Trop 111: 39– 43.
Liu Z, Zhang L, Yang H, Zhu Y, Jin W, Song Q, Yang X, 2010. Magnetic microbead-based enzyme-linked immunoassay for detection of Schistosoma japonicum antibody in human serum. Anal Biochem 404: 127– 134.
Hua W, Zhu Y, He W, Liu Y, Xu Y, 1995. Analysis of fraction antigen of soluble egg antigen (SEA) of Schistosoma japonicum. Chin J Schisto Contr 7: 274– 276.
Seto EY, Wong BK, Lu D, Zhong B, 2011. Human schistosomiasis resistance to praziquantel in China: should we be worried? Am J Trop Med Hyg 85: 74– 82.
Lier T, Simonsen GS, Wang T, Lu D, Haukland HH, Vennervald BJ, Hegstad J, Johansen MV, 2009. Real-time polymerase chain reaction for detection of low-intensity Schistosoma japonicum infections in China. Am J Trop Med Hyg 81: 428– 432.
Nibbeling HA, Van Etten L, Fillié YE, Deelder AM, 1997. Enhanced detection of Schistosoma circulating antigens by testing 1 ml urine samples using immunomagnetic beads. Acta Trop 66: 85– 92.
Gundersen SG, Haagensen I, Jonassen TO, Figenschau KJ, de Jonge N, Deelder AM, 1992. Quantitative detection of schistosomal circulating anodic antigen by a magnetic bead antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MBAC-EIA) before and after mass chemotherapy. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 86: 175– 178.
Zhao X, Hilliard LR, Mechery SJ, Wang Y, Bagwe RP, Jin S, Tan W, 2004. A rapid bioassay for single bacterial cell quantitation using bioconjugated nanoparticles. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101: 15027– 15032.
Legesse M, Erko B, 2008. Field-based evaluation of a reagent strip test for diagnosis of schistosomiasis mansoni by detecting circulating cathodic antigen (CCA) in urine in low endemic area in Ethiopia. Parasite 15: 151– 155.
Gryseels B, Polman K, Clerinx J, Kestens L, 2006. Human schistosomiasis. Lancet 368: 1106– 1118.
Hamilton JV, Klinkert M, Doenhoff MJ, 1998. Diagnosis of schistosomiasis: antibody detection, with notes on parasitological and antigen detection methods. Parasitology 117 (Suppl): S41– S57.
Gundersen SG, Haagensen I, Jonassen TO, Figenschau KJ, de Jonge N, Deelder AM, 1992. Magnetic bead antigen capture enzyme-linked immunoassay in microtitre trays for rapid detection of schistosomal circulating anodic antigen. J Immunol Methods 148: 1– 8.
Doenhoff MJ, Chiodini PL, Hamilton JV, 2004. Specific and sensitive diagnosis of schistosome infection: can it be done with antibodies. Trends Parasitol 20: 35– 39.
Xu J, Peeling RW, Chen JX, Wu XH, Wu ZD, Wang SP, Feng T, Chen SH, Li H, Guo JG, Zhou XN, 2011. Evaluation of immunoassays for the diagnosis of Schistosoma japonicum infection using archived sera. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 5: e949.
Mabey D, Peeling RW, Ustianowski A, Perkins MD, 2004. Diagnostics for the developing world. Nat Rev Microbiol 2: 231– 240.
Xu J, Feng T, Lin DD, Wang QZ, Tang L, Wu XH, Guo JG, Peeling RW, Zhou XN, 2011. Performance of a dipstick dye immunoassay for rapid screening of Schistosoma japonicum infection in areas of low endemicity. Parasite Vector 4: 87.
Darren JG, Allen GR, Yue SL, Donald PM, 2011. Diagnosis and management of schistosomiasis. BMJ 342: d2651.
Siamak PY, Liv S, Sigrid S, Egil O, 1999. Development and evaluation of an immunomagnetic separation-ELISA for the detection of Staphylococcus aureus thermostable nuclease in composite milk. Vet Microbiol 67: 113– 125.
Zhou GC, Juliesta ES, Wu D, Darren RV, Stephen JK, 2011. A magnetic bead-based protein kinase assay with dual detection techniques. Anal Biochem 408: 5– 11.
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Most schistosome-endemic areas in China are characterized by low-intensity infections that are independent of prevalence. To establish an effective diagnostic method, we developed a magnetic affinity enzyme-linked immunoassay based on soluble egg antigens (SEA-MEIA) for diagnosing schistosomiasis in persons with low-intensity infection with Schistosoma japonicum by comparing it with a conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Our results showed that the SEA-MEIA had a higher sensitivity and greater precision in the diagnosis of low-intensity S. japonicum infections than the ELISA. In addition, when we used Pearson's correlation in associating SEA-MEIA with ELISA, a significant correlation existed between the two assays (r = 0.845, P < 0.001). Our data indicated that SEA-MEIA, with a higher sensitivity and greater ease of performance, would be valuable for diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonicum in persons with low-intensity infections.
Financial support: This study was supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 30800960) and a grant from the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, 2011CB933103).
Authors' addresses: Qin Yu and Youmei Feng, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China, E-mails: qinyu027@hotmail.com and fengyoumei027@hotmail.com. Hai Yang, Yanhong Zhu, and Xiangliang Yang, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China, E-mails: yanghai@hust.edu.cn, yhzhu@mai.hust.edu.cn, and nanomedicine@mail.hust.edu.cn.
Zhou XN, Wang LY, Chen MG, Wu XH, Jiang QW, Chen XY, Zheng J, Utzinger J, 2005. The public health significance and control of schistosomiasis in China–then and now. Acta Trop 96: 97– 105.
Zhou XN, Guo JG, Wu XH, Jiang QW, Zheng J, Dang H, Wang XH, Xu J, Zhu HQ, Wu GL, Li YS, Xu XJ, Chen HG, Wang TP, Zhu YC, Qiu DC, Dong XQ, Zhao GM, Zhang SJ, Zhao NQ, Xia G, Wang LY, Zhang SQ, Lin DD, Chen MG, Hao Y, 2007. Epidemiology of schistosomiasis in the People's Republic of China, 2004. Emerg Infect Dis 13: 1470– 1476.
Oliveira AL, Da Silva D, Zanotti-Magalhaes EM, Abdel-Hamid AZ, Ribeiro-Paes JT, 2008. Schistosome/mollusk: genetic compatibility. Genet Mol Res 7: 518– 526.
Bergquist R, Tanner M, 2010. Controlling schistosomiasis in southeast Asia: a tale of two countries. Adv Parasitol 72: 109– 144.
Gray DJ, Ross AG, Li YS, McManus DP, 2011. Diagnosis and management of schistosomiasis. BMJ 17: d2651.
Gomes LI, Dos Santos Marques LH, Enk MJ, de Oliveira MC, Coelho PM, Rabello A, 2010. Development and evaluation of a sensitive PCR-ELISA system for detection of Schistosoma infection in feces. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 4: e664.
Lin DD, Xu JM, Zhang YY, Liu YM, Hu F, Xu XL, Li JY, Gao ZL, Wu HW, Kurtis J, Wu GL, 2008. Evaluation of IgG-ELISA for the diagnosis of Schistosoma japonicum in a high prevalence, low intensity endemic area of China. Acta Trop 107: 128– 133.
Jin YM, Lu K, Zhou WF, Fu ZQ, Liu JM, Shi YJ, Li H, Lin JJ, 2010. Comparison of recombinant proteins from Schistosoma japonicum for schistosomiasis diagnosis. Clin Vaccine Immunol 17: 476– 480.
Zhu YC, 2005. Immunodiagnosis and its role in schistosomiasis control in China: a review. Acta Trop 96: 130– 136.
Olsvik O, Popovic T, Skjerve E, Cudjoe KS, Hornes E, Ugelstad J, Uhlén M, 1994. Magnetic separation techniques in diagnostic microbiology. Clin Microbiol Rev 7: 43– 54.
Teixeira CF, Neuhauss E, Ben R, Romanzini J, Graeff-Teixeira C, 2007. Detection of Schistosoma mansoni eggs in feces through their interaction with paramagnetic beads in a magnetic field. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 1: e73.
Lei JH, Liu WQ, Sun CS, Tang CL, Li MJ, Chen YL, Li YL, 2009. Detection of circulating antigen in serum of mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum by immunomagnetic bead ELISA based on IgY. Acta Trop 111: 39– 43.
Liu Z, Zhang L, Yang H, Zhu Y, Jin W, Song Q, Yang X, 2010. Magnetic microbead-based enzyme-linked immunoassay for detection of Schistosoma japonicum antibody in human serum. Anal Biochem 404: 127– 134.
Hua W, Zhu Y, He W, Liu Y, Xu Y, 1995. Analysis of fraction antigen of soluble egg antigen (SEA) of Schistosoma japonicum. Chin J Schisto Contr 7: 274– 276.
Seto EY, Wong BK, Lu D, Zhong B, 2011. Human schistosomiasis resistance to praziquantel in China: should we be worried? Am J Trop Med Hyg 85: 74– 82.
Lier T, Simonsen GS, Wang T, Lu D, Haukland HH, Vennervald BJ, Hegstad J, Johansen MV, 2009. Real-time polymerase chain reaction for detection of low-intensity Schistosoma japonicum infections in China. Am J Trop Med Hyg 81: 428– 432.
Nibbeling HA, Van Etten L, Fillié YE, Deelder AM, 1997. Enhanced detection of Schistosoma circulating antigens by testing 1 ml urine samples using immunomagnetic beads. Acta Trop 66: 85– 92.
Gundersen SG, Haagensen I, Jonassen TO, Figenschau KJ, de Jonge N, Deelder AM, 1992. Quantitative detection of schistosomal circulating anodic antigen by a magnetic bead antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MBAC-EIA) before and after mass chemotherapy. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 86: 175– 178.
Zhao X, Hilliard LR, Mechery SJ, Wang Y, Bagwe RP, Jin S, Tan W, 2004. A rapid bioassay for single bacterial cell quantitation using bioconjugated nanoparticles. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101: 15027– 15032.
Legesse M, Erko B, 2008. Field-based evaluation of a reagent strip test for diagnosis of schistosomiasis mansoni by detecting circulating cathodic antigen (CCA) in urine in low endemic area in Ethiopia. Parasite 15: 151– 155.
Gryseels B, Polman K, Clerinx J, Kestens L, 2006. Human schistosomiasis. Lancet 368: 1106– 1118.
Hamilton JV, Klinkert M, Doenhoff MJ, 1998. Diagnosis of schistosomiasis: antibody detection, with notes on parasitological and antigen detection methods. Parasitology 117 (Suppl): S41– S57.
Gundersen SG, Haagensen I, Jonassen TO, Figenschau KJ, de Jonge N, Deelder AM, 1992. Magnetic bead antigen capture enzyme-linked immunoassay in microtitre trays for rapid detection of schistosomal circulating anodic antigen. J Immunol Methods 148: 1– 8.
Doenhoff MJ, Chiodini PL, Hamilton JV, 2004. Specific and sensitive diagnosis of schistosome infection: can it be done with antibodies. Trends Parasitol 20: 35– 39.
Xu J, Peeling RW, Chen JX, Wu XH, Wu ZD, Wang SP, Feng T, Chen SH, Li H, Guo JG, Zhou XN, 2011. Evaluation of immunoassays for the diagnosis of Schistosoma japonicum infection using archived sera. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 5: e949.
Mabey D, Peeling RW, Ustianowski A, Perkins MD, 2004. Diagnostics for the developing world. Nat Rev Microbiol 2: 231– 240.
Xu J, Feng T, Lin DD, Wang QZ, Tang L, Wu XH, Guo JG, Peeling RW, Zhou XN, 2011. Performance of a dipstick dye immunoassay for rapid screening of Schistosoma japonicum infection in areas of low endemicity. Parasite Vector 4: 87.
Darren JG, Allen GR, Yue SL, Donald PM, 2011. Diagnosis and management of schistosomiasis. BMJ 342: d2651.
Siamak PY, Liv S, Sigrid S, Egil O, 1999. Development and evaluation of an immunomagnetic separation-ELISA for the detection of Staphylococcus aureus thermostable nuclease in composite milk. Vet Microbiol 67: 113– 125.
Zhou GC, Juliesta ES, Wu D, Darren RV, Stephen JK, 2011. A magnetic bead-based protein kinase assay with dual detection techniques. Anal Biochem 408: 5– 11.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 743 | 699 | 26 |
Full Text Views | 247 | 2 | 0 |
PDF Downloads | 45 | 4 | 0 |