Sampaio SA, Rivitti EA, Aoki V, Diaz LA, 1994. Brazilian pemphigus foliaceus, endemic pemphigus foliaceus, or fogo selvagem (wild fire). Dermatol Clin 12: 765– 776.
Aoki V, Huang MH, Perigo AM, Fukumori LM, Maruta CW, Santi CG, Oliveira ZN, Rivitti E, 2004. Endemic pemphigus foliaceus (fogo selvagem) and pemphigus vulgaris: immunoglobulin G heterogeneity detected by indirect immunofluorescence. Rev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo 59: 251– 256.
Amagai M, 1995. Adhesion molecules. I: keratinocyte-keratinocyte interactions; cadherins and pemphigus. J Invest Dermatol 104: 146– 152.
Nilles LA, Parry DA, Powers EE, Angst BD, Wagner RM, Green KJ, 1991. Structural analysis and expression of human desmoglein: a cadherin-like component of the desmosome. J Cell Sci 99: 809– 821.
Culton DA, Qian Y, Li N, Rubenstein D, Aoki V, Filhio GH, Rivitti EA, Diaz LA, 2008. Advances in pemphigus and its endemic pemphigus foliaceus (Fogo Selvagem) phenotype: a paradigm of human autoimmunity. J Autoimmun 31: 311– 324.
Warren SJ, Lin MS, Giudice GJ, Hoffmann RG, Hans-Filho G, Aoki V, Rivitti EA, Santos V, Diaz LA, 2000. The prevalence of antibodies against desmoglein 1 in endemic pemphigus foliaceus in Brazil. Cooperative Group on Fogo Selvagem Research. N Engl J Med 343: 23– 30.
Aranha-Campos J, 1942. Pemphigus foliaceus (Fogo Selvagem): Clinical and Epidemiological Aspects. Sao Paulo, Brazil: Comp Melhoramentos.
Chiossi MP, Roselino AM, 2001. Endemic pemphigus foliaceus (“Fogo selvagem”): a series from the northeastern region of the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil, 1973–1998. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 43: 59– 62.
Chagas AC, Ivo ML, Honer MR, Correa Filho R, 2005. Situation of endemic pemphigus foliaceus in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, 1990–1999. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 13: 274– 276.
Robledo MA, Prada S, Jaramillo D, Leon W, 1988. South American pemphigus foliaceus: study of an epidemic in El Bagre and Nechi, Colombia 1982 to 1986. Br J Dermatol 118: 737– 744.
Gonzalez F, Saenz AM, Cirocco A, Tacaronte IM, Fajardo JE, Calebotta A, 2006. Endemic pemphigus foliaceus in Venezuela: report of two children. Pediatr Dermatol 23: 132– 135.
Aldama A, Correa J, Rivelli V, Mendoza G, 2000. Tipos y variantes de pénfigo en el Hospital Nacional de Paraguay. Revisión de 70 casos. Med Cut ILA: 242– 247.
Aldama A, Gorostiaga G, Rivelli V, Mendoza G, Domínguez L, 2006. Pénfigo foliáceo endémico en menores de 20 años en Paraguay. Dermatol Pediatr Lat 4: 111– 114.
Ortega Loayza AG, Ramos W, Elgart G, Bouman P, Jimenez G, Avila J, Rojas I, Vilcarromero M, Hurtado J, Lindo G, Galarza C, 2006. Antibodies against desmoglein 1 in healthy subjects in endemic and nonendemic areas of pemphigus foliaceus (fogo selvagem) in Peru. Int J Dermatol 45: 538– 542.
Hans-Filho G, Aoki V, Rivitti E, Eaton DP, Lin MS, Diaz LA, 1999. Endemic pemphigus foliaceus (fogo selvagem)–1998. The Cooperative Group on Fogo Selvagem Research. Clin Dermatol 17: 225– 235, discussion 105–106.
Aoki V, Millikan RC, Rivitti EA, Hans-Filho G, Eaton DP, Warren SJ, Li N, Hilario-Vargas J, Hoffmann RG, Diaz LA, 2004. Environmental risk factors in endemic pemphigus foliaceus (fogo selvagem). J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc 9: 34– 40.
Diaz LA, Arteaga LA, Hilario-Vargas J, Valenzuela JG, Li N, Warren S, Aoki V, Hans-Filho G, Eaton D, dos Santos V, Nutman TB, de Mayolo AA, Qaqish BF, Sampaio SA, Rivitti EA, 2004. Anti-desmoglein-1 antibodies in onchocerciasis, leishmaniasis and Chagas disease suggest a possible etiological link to Fogo selvagem. J Invest Dermatol 123: 1045– 1051.
Li N, Aoki V, Hans-Filho G, Rivitti EA, Diaz LA, 2003. The role of intramolecular epitope spreading in the pathogenesis of endemic pemphigus foliaceus (fogo selvagem). J Exp Med 197: 1501– 1510.
Diaz LA, Prisayanh PS, Dasher DA, Li N, Evangelista F, Aoki V, Hans-Filho G, dos Santos V, Qaqish BF, Rivitti EA, 2008. The IgM anti-desmoglein 1 response distinguishes Brazilian pemphigus foliaceus (fogo selvagem) from other forms of pemphigus. J Invest Dermatol 128: 667– 675.
Qian Y, Prisayanh P, Andraca E, Qaqish BF, Aoki V, Hans-Filhio G, Rivitti EA, Diaz LA, 2011. IgE, IgM, and IgG4 anti-desmoglein 1 autoantibody profile in endemic pemphigus foliaceus (fogo selvagem). J Invest Dermatol 131: 985– 987.
Moraes ME, Fernandez-Vina M, Lazaro A, Diaz LA, Filho GH, Friedman H, Rivitti E, Aoki V, Stastny P, Moraes JR, 1997. An epitope in the third hypervariable region of the DRB1 gene is involved in the susceptibility to endemic pemphigus foliaceus (fogo selvagem) in three different Brazilian populations. Tissue Antigens 49: 35– 40.
Aoki V, Sousa JX Jr, Diaz LA, 2011. Pathogenesis of endemic pemphigus foliaceus. Dermatol Clin 29: 413– 418.
Lombardi C, Borges PC, Chaul A, Sampaio SA, Rivitti EA, Friedman H, Martins CR, Sanches Junior JA, Cunha PR, Hoffmann RG et al., 1992. Environmental risk factors in endemic pemphigus foliaceus (Fogo selvagem). The Cooperative Group on Fogo Selvagem Research. J Invest Dermatol 98: 847– 850.
Eaton DP, Diaz LA, Hans-Filho G, Santos VD, Aoki V, Friedman H, Rivitti EA, Sampaio SA, Gottlieb MS, Giudice GJ, Lopez A, Cupp EW, 1998. Comparison of black fly species (Diptera: Simuliidae) on an Amerindian reservation with a high prevalence of fogo selvagem to neighboring disease-free sites in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The Cooperative Group on Fogo Selvagem Research. J Med Entomol 35: 120– 131.
Ribeiro JM, Valenzuela JG, Pham VM, Kleeman L, Barbian KD, Favreau AJ, Eaton DP, Aoki V, Hans-Filho G, Rivitti EA, Diaz LA, 2010. An insight into the sialotranscriptome of Simulium nigrimanum, a black fly associated with fogo selvagem in South America. Am J Trop Med Hyg 82: 1060– 1075.
Almeida PS, Ceretti Junior W, Obara MT, Santos HR, Barata JM, Faccenda O, 2008. Survey of Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) fauna in domestic environments and natural infection by Trypanosomatidae in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 41: 374– 380.
Hans-Filho G, dos Santos V, Katayama JH, Aoki V, Rivitti EA, Sampaio SA, Friedman H, Moraes JR, Moraes ME, Eaton DP, Lopez AL, Hoffman RG, Fairley JA, Giudice GJ, Diaz LA, 1996. An active focus of high prevalence of fogo selvagem on an Amerindian reservation in Brazil. Cooperative Group on Fogo Selvagem Research. J Invest Dermatol 107: 68– 75.
Ross A, Novoa-Montero D, 1993. Comparability and reliability of ELISA, immunofluorescence, and indirect hemagglutination assays for Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma rangeli. J Infect Dis 168: 1581– 1584.
Carvalho MR, Krieger MA, Almeida E, Oelemann W, Shikanai-Yassuda MA, Ferreira AW, Pereira JB, Saez-Alquezar A, Dorlhiac-Llacer PE, Chamone DF et al., 1993. Chagas' disease diagnosis: evaluation of several tests in blood bank screening. Transfusion 33: 830– 834.
Umezawa ES, Nascimento MS, Kesper N Jr, Coura JR, Borges-Pereira J, Junqueira AC, Camargo ME, 1996. Immunoblot assay using excreted-secreted antigens of Trypanosoma cruzi in serodiagnosis of congenital, acute, and chronic Chagas' disease. J Clin Microbiol 34: 2143– 2147.
Warren SJ, Arteaga LA, Rivitti EA, Aoki V, Hans-Filho G, Qaqish BF, Lin MS, Giudice GJ, Diaz LA, 2003. The role of subclass switching in the pathogenesis of endemic pemphigus foliaceus. J Invest Dermatol 120: 104– 108.
Sousa JX Jr, Freitas E, Delgado L, Coelho T, Aoki V, 2009. Antidesmoglein 1 reactivity in a healthy Brazilian population at low risk for endemic pemphigus foliaceus (fogo selvagem). J Am Acad Dermatol 60: AB10.
Qian Y, Clarke SH, Aoki V, Hans-Filhio G, Rivitti EA, Diaz LA, 2009. Antigen selection of anti-DSG1 autoantibodies during and before the onset of endemic pemphigus foliaceus. J Invest Dermatol 129: 2823– 2834.
Rothhammer F, Allison MJ, Nunez L, Standen V, Arriaza B, 1985. Chagas' disease in pre-Columbian South America. Am J Phys Anthropol 68: 495– 498.
Coimbra CE, 1988. Human settlements, demographic pattern, and epidemiology in lowland Amazonia: the case of Chagas's disease. Am Anthropol 90: 82– 97.
Coimbra Junior CE, Borges MM, Flowers NM, Santos RV, Piazza RF, 1992. Sero-epidemiological survey for Chagas' disease among the Xavante Indians of central Brazil. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 86: 567– 568.
Lent H, Wygodzinsky PW, 1979. Revision of the Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae), and their significance as vectors of Chagas' disease. Bull Am Mus Nat Hist 163: 125– 520.
Primavera KS, Umezawa ES, Peres BA, Camargo ME, Hoshino-Shimizu S, 1990. Chagas' disease: IgA, IgM and IgG antibodies to T. cruzi amastigote, trypomastigote and epimastigote antigens in acute and in different chronic forms of the disease. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 32: 172– 180.
Nascimento RJ, Santana JM, Lozzi SP, Araujo CN, Teixeira AR, 2001. Human IgG1 and IgG4: the main antibodies against Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) salivary gland proteins. Am J Trop Med Hyg 65: 219– 226.
Assumpção TC, Eaton DP, Pham VM, Francischetti IM, Aoki V, Hans-Filho G, Rivitti EA, Valenzuela JG, Diaz LA, Ribeiro JM, 2012. An insight into the Sialotranscriptome of Triatoma matogrossensis, a kissing bug associated with fogo selvagem in South America. Am J Trop Med Hyg 86: 1005– 1014.
Oelemann WM, Teixeira MD, Verissimo Da Costa GC, Borges-Pereira J, De Castro JA, Coura JR, Peralta JM, 1998. Evaluation of three commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for diagnosis of Chagas' disease. J Clin Microbiol 36: 2423– 2427.
Malan AK, Avelar E, Litwin SE, Hill HR, Litwin CM, 2006. Serological diagnosis of Trypanosoma cruzi: evaluation of three enzyme immunoassays and an indirect immunofluorescent assay. J Med Microbiol 55: 171– 178.
Kallel Sellami M, Zitouni M, Tombari W, Ben Ayed M, Abida O, Laadhar L, Mokni M, Fezza B, Turki H, Mokhtar I, Ben Osman A, Kamoun Mohamed R, Joly P, Tron F, Gilbert D, Masmoudi H, Makni S; Franco-Tunisian Group of Survey, Research on Tunisian Endemic Pemphigus, 2007. Anti-desmoglein-1 antibodies are prevalent in Tunisian patients with hydatidosis and leishmaniasis. Br J Dermatol 156: 591– 593.
Cunha-Neto E, Bilate AM, Hyland KV, Fonseca SG, Kalil J, Engman DM, 2006. Induction of cardiac autoimmunity in Chagas heart disease: a case for molecular mimicry. Autoimmunity 39: 41–54.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 534 | 477 | 30 |
Full Text Views | 338 | 5 | 0 |
PDF Downloads | 84 | 4 | 0 |
Fogo Selvagem (FS) is an autoimmune bullous disease with pathogenic IgG autoantibodies recognizing desmoglein 1 (Dsg1), a desmosomal glycoprotein. In certain settlements of Brazil, a high prevalence of FS (3%) is reported, suggesting environmental factors as triggers of the autoimmune response. Healthy individuals from endemic areas recognize nonpathogenic epitopes of Dsg1, and exposure to hematophagous insects is a risk factor for FS. Fogo selvagem and Chagas disease share some geographic sites, and anti-Dsg1 has been detected in Chagas patients. Indeterminate Chagas disease was identified in a Brazilian Amerindian population of high risk for FS. In counterpart, none of the FS patients living in the same geographic region showed reactivity against Trypanosoma cruzi. The profile of anti-Dsg1 antibodies showed positive results in 15 of 40 FS sera and in 33 of 150 sera from healthy individuals from endemic FS sites, and no cross-reactivity between Chagas disease and FS was observed.
Financial support: This work was partially supported by a National Institute of Health grant-NIAMSD 5 R01 AR032599-29 (LAD).
Authors' addresses: Joaquim X. Sousa Jr., Elder Lanzani de Freitas, Livia Delgado, Ligia Maria F. Ichimura, Flávia Cristaldi, Renata Orlandi, Evandro A. Rivitti, and Valeria Aoki, Departamento de Dermatologia-Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, E-mails: jxsj@yahoo.com, elderlanzanifreitas@yahoo.com.br/, paralivi@hotmail.com, liichi01@hotmail.com, flaviacristaldi@bol.com.br, re_orlandi@hotmail.com/, evandro.rivitti@gmail.com, and valeria.aoki@gmail.com. Luis A. Diaz, Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, E-mail: ldiaz@med.unc.edu. Donald P. Eaton, Wildlife Conservation Society, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil, E-mail: ksadeaton@yahoo.com. Günter Hans-Filho, Department of Dermatology, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil, E-mail: ghansfilho@hotmail.com. Norival Kesper Jr. and Eufrosina S. Umezawa, Instituto de Medicina Tropical, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil, E-mails: nkesper@usp.br and eumezawa@usp.br.
Sampaio SA, Rivitti EA, Aoki V, Diaz LA, 1994. Brazilian pemphigus foliaceus, endemic pemphigus foliaceus, or fogo selvagem (wild fire). Dermatol Clin 12: 765– 776.
Aoki V, Huang MH, Perigo AM, Fukumori LM, Maruta CW, Santi CG, Oliveira ZN, Rivitti E, 2004. Endemic pemphigus foliaceus (fogo selvagem) and pemphigus vulgaris: immunoglobulin G heterogeneity detected by indirect immunofluorescence. Rev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo 59: 251– 256.
Amagai M, 1995. Adhesion molecules. I: keratinocyte-keratinocyte interactions; cadherins and pemphigus. J Invest Dermatol 104: 146– 152.
Nilles LA, Parry DA, Powers EE, Angst BD, Wagner RM, Green KJ, 1991. Structural analysis and expression of human desmoglein: a cadherin-like component of the desmosome. J Cell Sci 99: 809– 821.
Culton DA, Qian Y, Li N, Rubenstein D, Aoki V, Filhio GH, Rivitti EA, Diaz LA, 2008. Advances in pemphigus and its endemic pemphigus foliaceus (Fogo Selvagem) phenotype: a paradigm of human autoimmunity. J Autoimmun 31: 311– 324.
Warren SJ, Lin MS, Giudice GJ, Hoffmann RG, Hans-Filho G, Aoki V, Rivitti EA, Santos V, Diaz LA, 2000. The prevalence of antibodies against desmoglein 1 in endemic pemphigus foliaceus in Brazil. Cooperative Group on Fogo Selvagem Research. N Engl J Med 343: 23– 30.
Aranha-Campos J, 1942. Pemphigus foliaceus (Fogo Selvagem): Clinical and Epidemiological Aspects. Sao Paulo, Brazil: Comp Melhoramentos.
Chiossi MP, Roselino AM, 2001. Endemic pemphigus foliaceus (“Fogo selvagem”): a series from the northeastern region of the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil, 1973–1998. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 43: 59– 62.
Chagas AC, Ivo ML, Honer MR, Correa Filho R, 2005. Situation of endemic pemphigus foliaceus in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, 1990–1999. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 13: 274– 276.
Robledo MA, Prada S, Jaramillo D, Leon W, 1988. South American pemphigus foliaceus: study of an epidemic in El Bagre and Nechi, Colombia 1982 to 1986. Br J Dermatol 118: 737– 744.
Gonzalez F, Saenz AM, Cirocco A, Tacaronte IM, Fajardo JE, Calebotta A, 2006. Endemic pemphigus foliaceus in Venezuela: report of two children. Pediatr Dermatol 23: 132– 135.
Aldama A, Correa J, Rivelli V, Mendoza G, 2000. Tipos y variantes de pénfigo en el Hospital Nacional de Paraguay. Revisión de 70 casos. Med Cut ILA: 242– 247.
Aldama A, Gorostiaga G, Rivelli V, Mendoza G, Domínguez L, 2006. Pénfigo foliáceo endémico en menores de 20 años en Paraguay. Dermatol Pediatr Lat 4: 111– 114.
Ortega Loayza AG, Ramos W, Elgart G, Bouman P, Jimenez G, Avila J, Rojas I, Vilcarromero M, Hurtado J, Lindo G, Galarza C, 2006. Antibodies against desmoglein 1 in healthy subjects in endemic and nonendemic areas of pemphigus foliaceus (fogo selvagem) in Peru. Int J Dermatol 45: 538– 542.
Hans-Filho G, Aoki V, Rivitti E, Eaton DP, Lin MS, Diaz LA, 1999. Endemic pemphigus foliaceus (fogo selvagem)–1998. The Cooperative Group on Fogo Selvagem Research. Clin Dermatol 17: 225– 235, discussion 105–106.
Aoki V, Millikan RC, Rivitti EA, Hans-Filho G, Eaton DP, Warren SJ, Li N, Hilario-Vargas J, Hoffmann RG, Diaz LA, 2004. Environmental risk factors in endemic pemphigus foliaceus (fogo selvagem). J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc 9: 34– 40.
Diaz LA, Arteaga LA, Hilario-Vargas J, Valenzuela JG, Li N, Warren S, Aoki V, Hans-Filho G, Eaton D, dos Santos V, Nutman TB, de Mayolo AA, Qaqish BF, Sampaio SA, Rivitti EA, 2004. Anti-desmoglein-1 antibodies in onchocerciasis, leishmaniasis and Chagas disease suggest a possible etiological link to Fogo selvagem. J Invest Dermatol 123: 1045– 1051.
Li N, Aoki V, Hans-Filho G, Rivitti EA, Diaz LA, 2003. The role of intramolecular epitope spreading in the pathogenesis of endemic pemphigus foliaceus (fogo selvagem). J Exp Med 197: 1501– 1510.
Diaz LA, Prisayanh PS, Dasher DA, Li N, Evangelista F, Aoki V, Hans-Filho G, dos Santos V, Qaqish BF, Rivitti EA, 2008. The IgM anti-desmoglein 1 response distinguishes Brazilian pemphigus foliaceus (fogo selvagem) from other forms of pemphigus. J Invest Dermatol 128: 667– 675.
Qian Y, Prisayanh P, Andraca E, Qaqish BF, Aoki V, Hans-Filhio G, Rivitti EA, Diaz LA, 2011. IgE, IgM, and IgG4 anti-desmoglein 1 autoantibody profile in endemic pemphigus foliaceus (fogo selvagem). J Invest Dermatol 131: 985– 987.
Moraes ME, Fernandez-Vina M, Lazaro A, Diaz LA, Filho GH, Friedman H, Rivitti E, Aoki V, Stastny P, Moraes JR, 1997. An epitope in the third hypervariable region of the DRB1 gene is involved in the susceptibility to endemic pemphigus foliaceus (fogo selvagem) in three different Brazilian populations. Tissue Antigens 49: 35– 40.
Aoki V, Sousa JX Jr, Diaz LA, 2011. Pathogenesis of endemic pemphigus foliaceus. Dermatol Clin 29: 413– 418.
Lombardi C, Borges PC, Chaul A, Sampaio SA, Rivitti EA, Friedman H, Martins CR, Sanches Junior JA, Cunha PR, Hoffmann RG et al., 1992. Environmental risk factors in endemic pemphigus foliaceus (Fogo selvagem). The Cooperative Group on Fogo Selvagem Research. J Invest Dermatol 98: 847– 850.
Eaton DP, Diaz LA, Hans-Filho G, Santos VD, Aoki V, Friedman H, Rivitti EA, Sampaio SA, Gottlieb MS, Giudice GJ, Lopez A, Cupp EW, 1998. Comparison of black fly species (Diptera: Simuliidae) on an Amerindian reservation with a high prevalence of fogo selvagem to neighboring disease-free sites in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The Cooperative Group on Fogo Selvagem Research. J Med Entomol 35: 120– 131.
Ribeiro JM, Valenzuela JG, Pham VM, Kleeman L, Barbian KD, Favreau AJ, Eaton DP, Aoki V, Hans-Filho G, Rivitti EA, Diaz LA, 2010. An insight into the sialotranscriptome of Simulium nigrimanum, a black fly associated with fogo selvagem in South America. Am J Trop Med Hyg 82: 1060– 1075.
Almeida PS, Ceretti Junior W, Obara MT, Santos HR, Barata JM, Faccenda O, 2008. Survey of Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) fauna in domestic environments and natural infection by Trypanosomatidae in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 41: 374– 380.
Hans-Filho G, dos Santos V, Katayama JH, Aoki V, Rivitti EA, Sampaio SA, Friedman H, Moraes JR, Moraes ME, Eaton DP, Lopez AL, Hoffman RG, Fairley JA, Giudice GJ, Diaz LA, 1996. An active focus of high prevalence of fogo selvagem on an Amerindian reservation in Brazil. Cooperative Group on Fogo Selvagem Research. J Invest Dermatol 107: 68– 75.
Ross A, Novoa-Montero D, 1993. Comparability and reliability of ELISA, immunofluorescence, and indirect hemagglutination assays for Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma rangeli. J Infect Dis 168: 1581– 1584.
Carvalho MR, Krieger MA, Almeida E, Oelemann W, Shikanai-Yassuda MA, Ferreira AW, Pereira JB, Saez-Alquezar A, Dorlhiac-Llacer PE, Chamone DF et al., 1993. Chagas' disease diagnosis: evaluation of several tests in blood bank screening. Transfusion 33: 830– 834.
Umezawa ES, Nascimento MS, Kesper N Jr, Coura JR, Borges-Pereira J, Junqueira AC, Camargo ME, 1996. Immunoblot assay using excreted-secreted antigens of Trypanosoma cruzi in serodiagnosis of congenital, acute, and chronic Chagas' disease. J Clin Microbiol 34: 2143– 2147.
Warren SJ, Arteaga LA, Rivitti EA, Aoki V, Hans-Filho G, Qaqish BF, Lin MS, Giudice GJ, Diaz LA, 2003. The role of subclass switching in the pathogenesis of endemic pemphigus foliaceus. J Invest Dermatol 120: 104– 108.
Sousa JX Jr, Freitas E, Delgado L, Coelho T, Aoki V, 2009. Antidesmoglein 1 reactivity in a healthy Brazilian population at low risk for endemic pemphigus foliaceus (fogo selvagem). J Am Acad Dermatol 60: AB10.
Qian Y, Clarke SH, Aoki V, Hans-Filhio G, Rivitti EA, Diaz LA, 2009. Antigen selection of anti-DSG1 autoantibodies during and before the onset of endemic pemphigus foliaceus. J Invest Dermatol 129: 2823– 2834.
Rothhammer F, Allison MJ, Nunez L, Standen V, Arriaza B, 1985. Chagas' disease in pre-Columbian South America. Am J Phys Anthropol 68: 495– 498.
Coimbra CE, 1988. Human settlements, demographic pattern, and epidemiology in lowland Amazonia: the case of Chagas's disease. Am Anthropol 90: 82– 97.
Coimbra Junior CE, Borges MM, Flowers NM, Santos RV, Piazza RF, 1992. Sero-epidemiological survey for Chagas' disease among the Xavante Indians of central Brazil. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 86: 567– 568.
Lent H, Wygodzinsky PW, 1979. Revision of the Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae), and their significance as vectors of Chagas' disease. Bull Am Mus Nat Hist 163: 125– 520.
Primavera KS, Umezawa ES, Peres BA, Camargo ME, Hoshino-Shimizu S, 1990. Chagas' disease: IgA, IgM and IgG antibodies to T. cruzi amastigote, trypomastigote and epimastigote antigens in acute and in different chronic forms of the disease. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 32: 172– 180.
Nascimento RJ, Santana JM, Lozzi SP, Araujo CN, Teixeira AR, 2001. Human IgG1 and IgG4: the main antibodies against Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) salivary gland proteins. Am J Trop Med Hyg 65: 219– 226.
Assumpção TC, Eaton DP, Pham VM, Francischetti IM, Aoki V, Hans-Filho G, Rivitti EA, Valenzuela JG, Diaz LA, Ribeiro JM, 2012. An insight into the Sialotranscriptome of Triatoma matogrossensis, a kissing bug associated with fogo selvagem in South America. Am J Trop Med Hyg 86: 1005– 1014.
Oelemann WM, Teixeira MD, Verissimo Da Costa GC, Borges-Pereira J, De Castro JA, Coura JR, Peralta JM, 1998. Evaluation of three commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for diagnosis of Chagas' disease. J Clin Microbiol 36: 2423– 2427.
Malan AK, Avelar E, Litwin SE, Hill HR, Litwin CM, 2006. Serological diagnosis of Trypanosoma cruzi: evaluation of three enzyme immunoassays and an indirect immunofluorescent assay. J Med Microbiol 55: 171– 178.
Kallel Sellami M, Zitouni M, Tombari W, Ben Ayed M, Abida O, Laadhar L, Mokni M, Fezza B, Turki H, Mokhtar I, Ben Osman A, Kamoun Mohamed R, Joly P, Tron F, Gilbert D, Masmoudi H, Makni S; Franco-Tunisian Group of Survey, Research on Tunisian Endemic Pemphigus, 2007. Anti-desmoglein-1 antibodies are prevalent in Tunisian patients with hydatidosis and leishmaniasis. Br J Dermatol 156: 591– 593.
Cunha-Neto E, Bilate AM, Hyland KV, Fonseca SG, Kalil J, Engman DM, 2006. Induction of cardiac autoimmunity in Chagas heart disease: a case for molecular mimicry. Autoimmunity 39: 41–54.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 534 | 477 | 30 |
Full Text Views | 338 | 5 | 0 |
PDF Downloads | 84 | 4 | 0 |