Author:
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Roberts DR, Laughlin LL, Hsheih P, Legters LJ, 1997. DDT, global strategies, and a malaria control crisis in South America. Emerg Infect Dis 3: 295– 302.
-
2.
Chowell G, Munayco CV, Escalante AA, McKenzie FE, 2009. The spatial and temporal patterns of falciparum and vivax malaria in Perú: 1994–2006. Malar J 8: 142.
-
3.
Aramburu Guarda J, Ramal Asayag C, Witzig R, 1999. Malaria reemergence in the Peruvian Amazon region. Emerg Infect Dis 5: 209– 215.
-
4.
Roper MH, Torres RS, Goicochea CG, Andersen EM, Guarda JS, Calampa C, Hightower AW, Magill AJ, 2000. The epidemiology of malaria in an epidemic area of the Peruvian Amazon. Am J Trop Med Hyg 62: 247– 256.
-
5.
Need JT, Rogers EJ, Phillips IA, Falcon R, Fernandez R, Carbajal F, Quintana J, 1993. Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) captured in the Iquitos area of Peru. J Med Entomol 30: 634– 638.
-
6.
Fernandez R, Carbajal F, Quintana J, Chauca H, Watts DM, 1996. Presencia del A. (N) darlingi (Diptera: Culicidae), alrededores de la ciudad de Iquitos, Loreto-Peru. Bol Soc Peruana Enfermades Infecciosas Trop 5: 10– 20.
-
7.
Schoeler GB, Flores-Mendoza C, Fernández R, Davila JR, Zyzak M, 2003. Geographical distribution of Anopheles darlingi in the Amazon Basin region of Peru. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 19: 286– 296.
-
8.
Gagnon AS, Smoyer-Tomic KE, Bush AB, 2002. The El Niño southern oscillation and malaria epidemics in South America. Int J Biometeorol 46: 81– 89.
-
9.
Vittor AY, Gilman RH, Tielsch J, Glass G, Shields T, Lozano WS, Pinedo-Cancino V, Patz JA, 2006. The effect of deforestation on the human-biting rate of Anopheles darlingi, the primary vector of falciparum malaria in the Peruvian Amazon. Am J Trop Med Hyg 74: 3– 11.
-
10.
Lourenço-de-Oliveira R, Guimarães AE, Arlé M, da Silva TF, Castro MG, Motta MA, Deane LM, 1989. Anopheline species, some of their habits and relation to malaria in endemic areas of Rondonia State, Amazon Region of Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 84: 501– 514.
-
11.
Charlwood JD, 1996. Biological variation in Anopheles darlingi root. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 91: 391– 398.
-
12.
Turell MJ, Sardelis MR, Jones JW, Watts DM, Fernandez R, Carbajal F, Pecor JE, Klein TA, 2008. Seasonal distribution, biology, and human attraction patterns of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in a rural village and adjacent forested area near Iquitos, Peru. J Med Entomol 45: 1165– 1172.
-
13.
Jones JW, Turell MJ, Sardelis MR, Watts DM, Coleman RE, Fernandez R, Carbajal F, Pecor JE, Calampa C, Klein TA, 2004. Seasonal distribution, biology, and human attraction patterns of culicine mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in a forest near Puerto Almendra, Iquitos, Peru. J Med Entomol 41: 349– 360.
-
14.
Lane J, 1953. Neotropical Culicidae, Vol. 2. Sao Paulo, Brazil: University of Sao Paulo.
-
15.
Faran ME, 1980. Mosquito studies (Diptera: Culicidae) XXXIV. A revision of the Albimanus section of the subgenus Nyssorhynchus of Anopheles. Contrib Am Entomol Inst (Ann Arbor) 15: 1– 215.
-
16.
Faran ME, Linthicum KJ, 1981. A handbook of the Amazonian species of Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) (Diptera: Culicidae). Mosq Syst 13: 1– 81.
-
17.
Wilkerson RC, Sallum MA, 1999. Anopheles (Anopheles) forattinii a new species in series Arribalzagia (Diptera-Culicidae). J Med Entomol 36: 345– 354.
-
18.
Pecor JE, Jones J, Turell MJ, Fernandez R, Carbajal F, O'Guinn M, Sardelis M, Watts D, Zyzak M, Calampa C, Klein TA, 2000. Annotated checklist of the mosquito species encountered during arboviral studies in Iquitos, Peru (Diptera: Culicidae). J Am Mosq Control Assoc 16: 210– 218.
-
19.
Turell MJ, O'Guinn ML, Jones JW, Sardelis MR, Dohm DJ, Watts DM, Fernandez R, Travassos da Rosa A, Guzman H, Tesh R, Rossi CA, Ludwig V, Mangiafico JA, Kondig J, Wasieloski LP Jr, Pecor J, Zyzak M, Schoeler G, Mores CN, Calampa C, Lee JS, Klein TA, 2005. Isolation of viruses from mosquitoes collected in the Amazon Basin region of Peru. J Med Entomol 42: 891– 898.
-
20.
Wirtz RA, Zavala F, Charoenvit Y, Campbell GH, Burkot TR, Schneider I, Esser KM, Beaudoin RL, Andre RG, 1987. Comparative testing of monoclonal antibodies against Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites for ELISA development. Bull World Health Organ 65: 39– 45.
-
21.
Wirtz RA, Charoenvit Y, Burkot TR, Esser KM, Beaudoin RL, Collins WE, Andre RG, 1991. Evaluation of monoclonal antibodies against Plasmodium vivax sporozoites for ELISA development. Med Vet Entomol 5: 17– 22.
-
22.
Wirtz RA, Sattabonkgot J, Hall T, Burkot TR, Rosenberg R, 1992. Development and evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Plasmodium vivax-VK247 sporozoites. J Med Entomol 29: 854– 857.
-
23.
Manguin S, Roberts DR, Andre RG, Rejmankova E, Hakre S, 1996. Characterization of Anopheles darlingi (Diptera: Culicidae) larval habitats in Belize, Central America. J Med Entomol 33: 205– 211.
-
24.
Achee NL, Grieco JP, Masuoka P, Andre RG, Roberts DR, Thomas J, Briceno I, King R, Rejmankova E, 2006. Use of remote sensing and geographic information systems to predict locations of Anopheles darlingi-positive breeding sites within the Sibun River in Belize, Central America. J Med Entomol 43: 382– 392.
-
25.
Vittor AY, Pan W, Gilman RH, Tielsch J, Glass G, Shields T, Sánchez-Lozano W, Pinedo VV, Salas-Cobos E, Flores S, Patz JA, 2009. Linking deforestation to malaria in the Amazon: characterization of the breeding habitat of the principal malaria vector, Anopheles darlingi. Am J Trop Med Hyg 81: 5– 12.
-
26.
Roberts DR, Manguin S, Rejmankova E, Andre R, Harbach RE, Vanzie E, Hakre S, Polanco J, 2002. Spatial distribution of adult Anopheles darlingi and Anopheles albimanus in relation to riparian habitats in Belize, Central America. J Vector Ecol 27: 21– 30.
-
27.
Rozendaal JA, 1992. Relations between Anopheles darlingi breeding habitats, rainfall, river level and malaria transmission rates in the rain forest of Suriname. Med Vet Entomol 6: 16– 22.
-
28.
Roberts DR, Alecrim WD, Tavares AM, Radke MG, 1987. The house-frequenting, host-seeking and resting behavior of Anopheles darlingi in southeastern Amazonas, Brazil. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 3: 433– 441.
-
29.
Galardo AKR, Arruda M, Couta AARD, Wirtz R, Lounibos LP, Zimmerman RH, 2007. Malaria vector incrimination in three rural riverine villages in the Brazilian Amazon. Am J Trop Med Hyg 76: 461– 469.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 84 | 84 | 12 |
| Full Text Views | 901 | 217 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 220 | 51 | 0 |
Determinants of Anopheles Seasonal Distribution Patterns Across a Forest to Periurban Gradient near Iquitos, Peru
Drew D. Reinbold-Wasson
Drew D. Reinbold-Wasson
Virology Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland; US Naval Medical Research Unit 6, Lima, Peru; Department of Entomology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, District of Columbia
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Michael R. Sardelis
Michael R. Sardelis
Virology Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland; US Naval Medical Research Unit 6, Lima, Peru; Department of Entomology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, District of Columbia
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James W. Jones
James W. Jones
Virology Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland; US Naval Medical Research Unit 6, Lima, Peru; Department of Entomology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, District of Columbia
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Douglas M. Watts
Douglas M. Watts
Virology Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland; US Naval Medical Research Unit 6, Lima, Peru; Department of Entomology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, District of Columbia
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Roberto Fernandez
Roberto Fernandez
Virology Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland; US Naval Medical Research Unit 6, Lima, Peru; Department of Entomology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, District of Columbia
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Faustino Carbajal
Faustino Carbajal
Virology Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland; US Naval Medical Research Unit 6, Lima, Peru; Department of Entomology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, District of Columbia
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James E. Pecor
James E. Pecor
Virology Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland; US Naval Medical Research Unit 6, Lima, Peru; Department of Entomology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, District of Columbia
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Carlos Calampa
Carlos Calampa
Virology Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland; US Naval Medical Research Unit 6, Lima, Peru; Department of Entomology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, District of Columbia
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Terry A. Klein
Terry A. Klein
Virology Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland; US Naval Medical Research Unit 6, Lima, Peru; Department of Entomology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, District of Columbia
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Michael J. Turell
Michael J. Turell
Virology Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland; US Naval Medical Research Unit 6, Lima, Peru; Department of Entomology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, District of Columbia
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As part of a field ecology study of arbovirus and malaria activity in the Amazon Basin, Loreto Department, Peru, we collected mosquitoes landing on humans at a forest site and inside and outside of residences and military barracks at periurban, rural, and village sites. We collected 11 Anopheles spp. from these four sites. An. darlingi, the principal malaria vector in the region, accounted for 98.7% of all Anopheles spp. collected at Puerto Almendra. Peaks in landing activity occurred during the December and April collection periods. However, the percent of sporozoite-positive Anopheles spp. was highest 1–2 months later, when landing activity decreased to approximately 10% of the peak activity periods. At all sites, peak landing activity occurred about 2 hours after sunset. These data provide a better understanding of the taxonomy, population density, and seasonal and habitat distribution of potential malaria vectors within the Amazon Basin region.
Author Notes
Financial support: This study was supported in part by Work Unit Number 62787A 870 U 8517 of the US Navy.
Authors' addresses: Drew D. Reinbold-Wasson, Michael R. Sardelis, James W. Jones, Terry A. Klein, and Michael J. Turell, Virology Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD, E-mails: Drew.reinbold@us.army.mil, msardelis@ncmi.detrick.army.mil, mosquitohombre@hotmail.com, Terry.klein@us.army.mil, and michael.turell@amedd.army.mil. Douglas M. Watts, Roberto Fernandez, and Faustino Carbajal, US Naval Medical Research Unit 6, Lima, Peru, E-mails: dowatts@utmb.edu, Roberto.Fernandez@med.navy.mil, and faustinoce@hotmail.com. James E. Pecor, Department of Entomology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC, E-mail: PECORJ@si.edu. Carlos Calampa, Director de la Región de Salud de Loreto, Ministry of Health, Iquitos, Peru, E-mail: ccalampa@hotmail.com.
Reprint requests: Michael J. Turell, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter St., Fort Detrick, MD 21702-5011, E-mail: michael.turell@amedd.army.mil.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Roberts DR, Laughlin LL, Hsheih P, Legters LJ, 1997. DDT, global strategies, and a malaria control crisis in South America. Emerg Infect Dis 3: 295– 302.
-
2.
Chowell G, Munayco CV, Escalante AA, McKenzie FE, 2009. The spatial and temporal patterns of falciparum and vivax malaria in Perú: 1994–2006. Malar J 8: 142.
-
3.
Aramburu Guarda J, Ramal Asayag C, Witzig R, 1999. Malaria reemergence in the Peruvian Amazon region. Emerg Infect Dis 5: 209– 215.
-
4.
Roper MH, Torres RS, Goicochea CG, Andersen EM, Guarda JS, Calampa C, Hightower AW, Magill AJ, 2000. The epidemiology of malaria in an epidemic area of the Peruvian Amazon. Am J Trop Med Hyg 62: 247– 256.
-
5.
Need JT, Rogers EJ, Phillips IA, Falcon R, Fernandez R, Carbajal F, Quintana J, 1993. Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) captured in the Iquitos area of Peru. J Med Entomol 30: 634– 638.
-
6.
Fernandez R, Carbajal F, Quintana J, Chauca H, Watts DM, 1996. Presencia del A. (N) darlingi (Diptera: Culicidae), alrededores de la ciudad de Iquitos, Loreto-Peru. Bol Soc Peruana Enfermades Infecciosas Trop 5: 10– 20.
-
7.
Schoeler GB, Flores-Mendoza C, Fernández R, Davila JR, Zyzak M, 2003. Geographical distribution of Anopheles darlingi in the Amazon Basin region of Peru. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 19: 286– 296.
-
8.
Gagnon AS, Smoyer-Tomic KE, Bush AB, 2002. The El Niño southern oscillation and malaria epidemics in South America. Int J Biometeorol 46: 81– 89.
-
9.
Vittor AY, Gilman RH, Tielsch J, Glass G, Shields T, Lozano WS, Pinedo-Cancino V, Patz JA, 2006. The effect of deforestation on the human-biting rate of Anopheles darlingi, the primary vector of falciparum malaria in the Peruvian Amazon. Am J Trop Med Hyg 74: 3– 11.
-
10.
Lourenço-de-Oliveira R, Guimarães AE, Arlé M, da Silva TF, Castro MG, Motta MA, Deane LM, 1989. Anopheline species, some of their habits and relation to malaria in endemic areas of Rondonia State, Amazon Region of Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 84: 501– 514.
-
11.
Charlwood JD, 1996. Biological variation in Anopheles darlingi root. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 91: 391– 398.
-
12.
Turell MJ, Sardelis MR, Jones JW, Watts DM, Fernandez R, Carbajal F, Pecor JE, Klein TA, 2008. Seasonal distribution, biology, and human attraction patterns of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in a rural village and adjacent forested area near Iquitos, Peru. J Med Entomol 45: 1165– 1172.
-
13.
Jones JW, Turell MJ, Sardelis MR, Watts DM, Coleman RE, Fernandez R, Carbajal F, Pecor JE, Calampa C, Klein TA, 2004. Seasonal distribution, biology, and human attraction patterns of culicine mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in a forest near Puerto Almendra, Iquitos, Peru. J Med Entomol 41: 349– 360.
-
14.
Lane J, 1953. Neotropical Culicidae, Vol. 2. Sao Paulo, Brazil: University of Sao Paulo.
-
15.
Faran ME, 1980. Mosquito studies (Diptera: Culicidae) XXXIV. A revision of the Albimanus section of the subgenus Nyssorhynchus of Anopheles. Contrib Am Entomol Inst (Ann Arbor) 15: 1– 215.
-
16.
Faran ME, Linthicum KJ, 1981. A handbook of the Amazonian species of Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) (Diptera: Culicidae). Mosq Syst 13: 1– 81.
-
17.
Wilkerson RC, Sallum MA, 1999. Anopheles (Anopheles) forattinii a new species in series Arribalzagia (Diptera-Culicidae). J Med Entomol 36: 345– 354.
-
18.
Pecor JE, Jones J, Turell MJ, Fernandez R, Carbajal F, O'Guinn M, Sardelis M, Watts D, Zyzak M, Calampa C, Klein TA, 2000. Annotated checklist of the mosquito species encountered during arboviral studies in Iquitos, Peru (Diptera: Culicidae). J Am Mosq Control Assoc 16: 210– 218.
-
19.
Turell MJ, O'Guinn ML, Jones JW, Sardelis MR, Dohm DJ, Watts DM, Fernandez R, Travassos da Rosa A, Guzman H, Tesh R, Rossi CA, Ludwig V, Mangiafico JA, Kondig J, Wasieloski LP Jr, Pecor J, Zyzak M, Schoeler G, Mores CN, Calampa C, Lee JS, Klein TA, 2005. Isolation of viruses from mosquitoes collected in the Amazon Basin region of Peru. J Med Entomol 42: 891– 898.
-
20.
Wirtz RA, Zavala F, Charoenvit Y, Campbell GH, Burkot TR, Schneider I, Esser KM, Beaudoin RL, Andre RG, 1987. Comparative testing of monoclonal antibodies against Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites for ELISA development. Bull World Health Organ 65: 39– 45.
-
21.
Wirtz RA, Charoenvit Y, Burkot TR, Esser KM, Beaudoin RL, Collins WE, Andre RG, 1991. Evaluation of monoclonal antibodies against Plasmodium vivax sporozoites for ELISA development. Med Vet Entomol 5: 17– 22.
-
22.
Wirtz RA, Sattabonkgot J, Hall T, Burkot TR, Rosenberg R, 1992. Development and evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Plasmodium vivax-VK247 sporozoites. J Med Entomol 29: 854– 857.
-
23.
Manguin S, Roberts DR, Andre RG, Rejmankova E, Hakre S, 1996. Characterization of Anopheles darlingi (Diptera: Culicidae) larval habitats in Belize, Central America. J Med Entomol 33: 205– 211.
-
24.
Achee NL, Grieco JP, Masuoka P, Andre RG, Roberts DR, Thomas J, Briceno I, King R, Rejmankova E, 2006. Use of remote sensing and geographic information systems to predict locations of Anopheles darlingi-positive breeding sites within the Sibun River in Belize, Central America. J Med Entomol 43: 382– 392.
-
25.
Vittor AY, Pan W, Gilman RH, Tielsch J, Glass G, Shields T, Sánchez-Lozano W, Pinedo VV, Salas-Cobos E, Flores S, Patz JA, 2009. Linking deforestation to malaria in the Amazon: characterization of the breeding habitat of the principal malaria vector, Anopheles darlingi. Am J Trop Med Hyg 81: 5– 12.
-
26.
Roberts DR, Manguin S, Rejmankova E, Andre R, Harbach RE, Vanzie E, Hakre S, Polanco J, 2002. Spatial distribution of adult Anopheles darlingi and Anopheles albimanus in relation to riparian habitats in Belize, Central America. J Vector Ecol 27: 21– 30.
-
27.
Rozendaal JA, 1992. Relations between Anopheles darlingi breeding habitats, rainfall, river level and malaria transmission rates in the rain forest of Suriname. Med Vet Entomol 6: 16– 22.
-
28.
Roberts DR, Alecrim WD, Tavares AM, Radke MG, 1987. The house-frequenting, host-seeking and resting behavior of Anopheles darlingi in southeastern Amazonas, Brazil. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 3: 433– 441.
-
29.
Galardo AKR, Arruda M, Couta AARD, Wirtz R, Lounibos LP, Zimmerman RH, 2007. Malaria vector incrimination in three rural riverine villages in the Brazilian Amazon. Am J Trop Med Hyg 76: 461– 469.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 84 | 84 | 12 |
| Full Text Views | 901 | 217 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 220 | 51 | 0 |