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Mannose-Binding Lectin and Toll-Like Receptor Polymorphisms and Chagas Disease in Chile
Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and Toll-like receptor (TLR) polymorphisms may influence susceptibility and manifestation of Trypanosoma cruzi infection. In northern Chile, we examined 61 asymptomatic patients with chronic Chagas disease (CD), 64 patients with chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCC), and 45 healthy individuals. Low-producer MBL2*B genotypes were more common in CD patients (48%) than healthy individuals (31%; adjusted odds ratio = 2.3, 95% confidence interval = 1.01–5.4, P = 0.047) but did not differ with manifestation. In contrast, the heterozygous Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-deficiency genotype D299G/T399I occurred more frequently in asymptomatic (14.8%) than CCC patients (3.1%; P = 0.02). TLR1-I602S, TLR2-R753Q, TLR6-S249P, and MAL/TIRAP-S180L did not associate with CD or CCC. These findings support the complement system to be involved in defense against Trypanosoma cruzi infection and indicate that curbed TLR4 activation might be beneficial in preventing CCC.
Author Notes
Financial support: This study received financial support from Charité Grant 539-2008.
Authors’ addresses: Thomas Weitzel, Laboratorio Clinico, Clinica Alemana/Universidad de Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile, E-mail: tweitzel@alemana.cl. Inés Zulantay and Werner Apt, Laboratorio de Parasitología Básico-Clínico, Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile, E-mails: izulanta@med.uchile.cl and wapt@med.uchile.cl. Ina Danquah, Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Nuthetal, Germany, E-mail: ina.danquah@dife.de. Lutz Hamann and Ralf R. Schumann, Institute of Microbiology and Hygiene, Campus CCM, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, E-mails: lutz.hamann@charite.de and ralf.schumann@charite.de. Frank P. Mockenhaupt, Institute of Tropical Medicine and International Health, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, E-mail: frank.mockenhaupt@charite.de.