Virological Surveillance of Dengue in Saint Martin and Saint Barthélemy, French West Indies, Using Blood Samples on Filter Paper

Séverine Matheus Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre National de Référence des Arbovirus et Virus Influenza Région Antilles-Guyane, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana; Cellule interrégionale d'Epidémiologie Antilles-Guyane, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Unité d'Epidémiologie, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana; Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales, Saint Barthélemy, French West Indies; Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales, Marigot, Saint Martin, French West Indies

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Jean-Loup Chappert Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre National de Référence des Arbovirus et Virus Influenza Région Antilles-Guyane, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana; Cellule interrégionale d'Epidémiologie Antilles-Guyane, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Unité d'Epidémiologie, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana; Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales, Saint Barthélemy, French West Indies; Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales, Marigot, Saint Martin, French West Indies

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Sylvie Cassadou Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre National de Référence des Arbovirus et Virus Influenza Région Antilles-Guyane, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana; Cellule interrégionale d'Epidémiologie Antilles-Guyane, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Unité d'Epidémiologie, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana; Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales, Saint Barthélemy, French West Indies; Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales, Marigot, Saint Martin, French West Indies

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Franck Berger Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre National de Référence des Arbovirus et Virus Influenza Région Antilles-Guyane, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana; Cellule interrégionale d'Epidémiologie Antilles-Guyane, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Unité d'Epidémiologie, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana; Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales, Saint Barthélemy, French West Indies; Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales, Marigot, Saint Martin, French West Indies

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Bhetty Labeau Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre National de Référence des Arbovirus et Virus Influenza Région Antilles-Guyane, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana; Cellule interrégionale d'Epidémiologie Antilles-Guyane, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Unité d'Epidémiologie, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana; Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales, Saint Barthélemy, French West Indies; Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales, Marigot, Saint Martin, French West Indies

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Laetitia Bremand Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre National de Référence des Arbovirus et Virus Influenza Région Antilles-Guyane, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana; Cellule interrégionale d'Epidémiologie Antilles-Guyane, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Unité d'Epidémiologie, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana; Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales, Saint Barthélemy, French West Indies; Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales, Marigot, Saint Martin, French West Indies

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Alain Winicki Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre National de Référence des Arbovirus et Virus Influenza Région Antilles-Guyane, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana; Cellule interrégionale d'Epidémiologie Antilles-Guyane, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Unité d'Epidémiologie, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana; Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales, Saint Barthélemy, French West Indies; Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales, Marigot, Saint Martin, French West Indies

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Patricia Huc-Anais Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre National de Référence des Arbovirus et Virus Influenza Région Antilles-Guyane, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana; Cellule interrégionale d'Epidémiologie Antilles-Guyane, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Unité d'Epidémiologie, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana; Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales, Saint Barthélemy, French West Indies; Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales, Marigot, Saint Martin, French West Indies

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Philippe Quenel Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre National de Référence des Arbovirus et Virus Influenza Région Antilles-Guyane, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana; Cellule interrégionale d'Epidémiologie Antilles-Guyane, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Unité d'Epidémiologie, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana; Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales, Saint Barthélemy, French West Indies; Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales, Marigot, Saint Martin, French West Indies

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Philippe Dussart Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre National de Référence des Arbovirus et Virus Influenza Région Antilles-Guyane, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana; Cellule interrégionale d'Epidémiologie Antilles-Guyane, Fort-de-France, Martinique, French West Indies; Unité d'Epidémiologie, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana; Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales, Saint Barthélemy, French West Indies; Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales, Marigot, Saint Martin, French West Indies

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To strengthen active dengue surveillance in Saint Martin and Saint Barthélemy, two French Caribbean islands, we evaluated the epidemiological usefulness of collecting blood samples from NS1-positive dengue patients on filter paper to identify the dengue serotypes circulating in these regions during a 27-month period. This approach allowed dengue serotypes to be identified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in 90.1% of the total set of 666 samples analyzed and, in 95.5% of the samples collected during the acute phase of the disease. This prospective virological surveillance using blood samples absorbed onto filter paper, which were stored at 4°C and shipped at ambient temperature to a specialized laboratory for analysis, allowed us to avoid the logistic and financial costs associated with shipping frozen venous blood samples. This surveillance system offers a low-cost alternative for reinforcing dengue prevention in areas where specialized laboratories do not exist, notably by facilitating the early detection of potentially new dengue serotypes.

Author Notes

*Address correspondence to Séverine Matheus, Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre National de Référence des Arbovirus, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, 23 Avenue Pasteur, BP 6010, 97306 Cayenne Cedex, French Guiana. E-mail: smatheus@pasteur-cayenne.fr

Financial support: This study was supported by the Conseil Régional de la Guyane (agreement no. 60/2007/CR). The laboratory of virology, as National Reference Center, receives financial support from Institut Pasteur and Institut de Veille Sanitaire.

Authors' addresses: Séverine Matheus, Bhetty Labeau, Laetitia Bremand, and Philippe Dussart, Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre National de Référence des Arbovirus, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, 97306 Cayenne Cedex, Guyane Française, E-mails: smatheus@pasteur-cayenne.fr, blabeau@pasteur-cayenne.fr, lbremand@pasteur-cayenne.fr, and pdussart@pasteur-cayenne.fr. Jean-Loup Chappert, Sylvie Cassadou, and Philippe Quenel, Cellule Interrégionale d'Epidémiologie Antilles-Guyane, Fort-de-France, Martinique, E-mails: Jean-Loup.CHAPPERT@ars.sante.fr, Sylvie.CASSADOU@ars.sante.fr, and Philippe.QUENEL@ars.sante.fr. Franck Berger, Unité d'Epidémiologie, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, 97306 Cayenne Cedex, Guyane française. E-mail: fberger@pasteur-cayenne.fr. Alain Winicki, Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales, Saint Barthélemy, La pointe Gustavia, 97133 Saint Barthélemy, E-mail: awinicki@wanadoo.fr. Patricia Huc-Anais, Laboratoire d'Analyses Médicales, Marigot, Saint Martin. E-mail: Laboratoire.Lepers@wanadoo.fr.

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