Author:
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
United States Agency for International Development, 2010. President's Malaria Initiative. Available at: www.pmi.gov. Accessed October 20, 2010.
-
2.
Global Fund to Fight AIDS Tuberculosis and Malaria, 2010. The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria. Available at: http://www.theglobalfund.org/en/. Accessed October 20, 2010.
-
3.
Mabunda S, Mathe G, Streat E, Nery S, Kilian A, 2007. National Malaria Indicator Survey, Mozambique (MIS-2007). Maputo: National Malaria Control Programme, 115.
-
4.
Instituto Nacional de Estatistica of Mozambique, 2007. Recenseamento Geral da População e Habitação. Available at: http://www.ine.gov.mz/censo2007. Accessed July 6, 2010.
-
5.
Wang SJ, Lengeler C, Smith TA, Vounatsou P, Cisse G, Diallo DA, Akogbeto M, Mtasiwa D, Teklehaimanot A, Tanner M, 2005. Rapid urban malaria appraisal (RUMA) in sub-Saharan Africa. Malar J 4: 40.
-
6.
Thwing JI, Mihigo J, Fernandes AP, Saute F, Ferreira C, Fortes F, de Oliveira AM, Newman RD, 2009. How much malaria occurs in urban Luanda, Angola? A health facility-based assessment. Am J Trop Med Hyg 80: 487–491.
-
7.
Wang SJ, Lengeler C, Smith TA, Vounatsou P, Diadie DA, Pritroipa X, Convelbo N, Kientga M, Tanner M, 2005. Rapid urban malaria appraisal (RUMA) I: epidemiology of urban malaria in Ouagadougou. Malar J 4: 43.
-
8.
Okebe JU, Walther B, Bojang K, Drammeh S, Schellenberg D, Conway DJ, Walther M, 2010. Prescribing practice for malaria following introduction of artemether-lumefantrine in an urban area with declining endemicity in West Africa. Malar J 9: 180.
-
9.
Yukich J, D'Acremont V, Kahama J, Swai N, Lengeler C, 2010. Cost savings with rapid diagnostic tests for malaria in low-transmission areas: evidence from Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Am J Trop Med Hyg 83: 61–68.
-
10.
Faucher JF, Makoutode P, Abiou G, Beheton T, Houze P, Ouendo E, Houze S, Deloron P, Cot M, 2010. Can treatment of malaria be restricted to parasitologically confirmed malaria? A school-based study in Benin in children with and without fever. Malar J 9: 104.
-
11.
Robert V, Macintyre K, Keating J, Trape JF, Duchemin JB, Warren M, Beier JC, 2003. Malaria transmission in urban sub-Saharan Africa. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68: 169–176.
-
12.
Keiser J, Utzinger J, Caldas de Castro M, Smith TA, Tanner M, Singer BH, 2004. Urbanization in sub-Saharan Africa and implication for malaria control. Am J Trop Med Hyg 71: 118–127.
-
13.
Thompson R, Begtrup K, Cuamba N, Dgedge M, Mendis C, Gamage-Mendis A, Enosse SM, Barreto J, Sinden RE, Hogh B, 1997. The Matola malaria project: a temporal and spatial study of malaria transmission and disease in a suburban area of Maputo, Mozambique. Am J Trop Med Hyg 57: 550–559.
-
14.
Conteh L, Sharp BL, Streat E, Barreto A, Konar S, 2004. The cost and cost-effectiveness of malaria vector control by residual insecticide house-spraying in southern Mozambique: a rural and urban analysis. Trop Med Int Health 9: 125–132.
-
15.
Geissbuhler Y, Chaki P, Emidi B, Govella NJ, Shirima R, Mayagaya V, Mtasiwa D, Mshinda H, Fillinger U, Lindsay SW, Kannady K, de Castro MC, Tanner M, Killeen GF, 2007. Interdependence of domestic malaria prevention measures and mosquito-human interactions in urban Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Malar J 6: 126.
-
16.
Caldas de Castro M, Yamagata Y, Mtasiwa D, Tanner M, Utzinger J, Keiser J, Singer BH, 2004. Integrated urban malaria control: a case study in dar es salaam, Tanzania. Am J Trop Med Hyg 71: 103–117.
-
17.
Skarbinski J, Winston CA, Massaga JJ, Kachur SP, Rowe AK, 2008. Assessing the validity of health facility-based data on insecticide-treated bednet possession and use: comparison of data collected via health facility and household surveys–Lindi region and Rufiji district, Tanzania, 2005. Trop Med Int Health 13: 396–405.
-
18.
Dongus S, Nyika D, Kannady K, Mtasiwa D, Mshinda H, Gosoniu L, Drescher AW, Fillinger U, Tanner M, Killeen GF, Castro MC, 2009. Urban agriculture and Anopheles habitats in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Geospat Health 3: 189–210.
-
19.
Mendis C, Jacobsen JL, Gamage-Mendis A, Bule E, Dgedge M, Thompson R, Cuamba N, Barreto J, Begtrup K, Sinden RE, Hogh B, 2000. Anopheles arabiensis and An. funestus are equally important vectors of malaria in Matola coastal suburb of Maputo, southern Mozambique. Med Vet Entomol 14: 171–180.
-
20.
Tiago A, Calú N, Caupers P, Samuel M, 2011. Normas de Tratamento da Malaria Malaria. PNdCd, ed. Maputo: Ministerio da Saude, 42.
-
21.
WHO, 2010. Guidelines for the Treatment of Malaria. Second edition. Geneva: World Health Organization.
-
22.
Malisa AL, Pearce RJ, Abdulla S, Mshinda H, Kachur PS, Bloland P, Roper C, 2010. Drug coverage in treatment of malaria and the consequences for resistance evolution–evidence from the use of sulphadoxine/pyrimethamine. Malar J 9: 190.
-
23.
D'Acremont V, Lengeler C, Genton B, 2010. Reduction in the proportion of fevers associated with Plasmodium falciparum parasitemia in Africa: a systematic review. Malar J 9: 240.
-
24.
Waitumbi JN, Kuypers J, Anyona SB, Koros JN, Polhemus ME, Gerlach J, Steele M, Englund JA, Neuzil KM, Domingo GJ, 2010. Outpatient upper respiratory tract viral infections in children with malaria symptoms in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 83: 1010–1013.
-
25.
Reyburn H, Mbatia R, Drakeley C, Carneiro I, Mwakasungula E, Mwerinde O, Saganda K, Shao J, Kitua A, Olomi R, Greenwood BM, Whitty CJ, 2004. Overdiagnosis of malaria in patients with severe febrile illness in Tanzania: a prospective study. BMJ 329: 1212.
-
26.
Chinkhumba J, Skarbinski J, Chilima B, Campbell C, Ewing V, San Joaquin M, Sande J, Ali D, Mathanga D, 2010. Comparative field performance and adherence to test results of four malaria rapid diagnostic tests among febrile patients more than five years of age in Blantyre, Malawi. Malar J 9: 209.
-
27.
de Oliveira AM, Skarbinski J, Ouma PO, Kariuki S, Barnwell JW, Otieno K, Onyona P, Causer LM, Laserson KF, Akhwale WS, Slutsker L, Hamel M, 2009. Performance of malaria rapid diagnostic tests as part of routine malaria case management in Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 80: 470–474.
-
28.
WHO, 2009. Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Test Performance, Results of WHO Product Testing of Malaria RDTs (2008): Round 1. Geneva: World Health Organization.
-
29.
WHO, 2010. Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Test Performance, Results of WHO Product Testing of Malaria RDTs (2009): Round 2. Geneva: World Health Organization.
-
30.
McMorrow ML, Masanja MI, Kahigwa E, Abdulla SM, Kachur SP, 2010. Quality assurance of rapid diagnostic tests for malaria in routine patient care in rural Tanzania. Am J Trop Med Hyg 82: 151–155.
-
31.
D'Acremont V, Malila A, Swai N, Tillya R, Kahama-Maro J, Lengeler C, Genton B, 2010. Withholding antimalarials in febrile children who have a negative result for a rapid diagnostic test. Clin Infect Dis 51: 506–511.
-
32.
Harvey SA, Jennings L, Chinyama M, Masaninga F, Mulholland K, Bell DR, 2008. Improving community health worker use of malaria rapid diagnostic tests in Zambia: package instructions, job aid and job aid-plus-training. Malar J 7: 160.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 42 | 42 | 12 |
| Full Text Views | 418 | 72 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 190 | 24 | 0 |
Prevalence of Malaria among Patients Attending Public Health Facilities in Maputo City, Mozambique
Alexandre Macedo de Oliveira
Alexandre Macedo de Oliveira
Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia Ministerio da Saude de Mocambique, Maputo, Mozambique Malaria Consortium Africa Regional Office, Kampala, Uganda Office of the Director, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo, Mozambique
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Rosalia Mutemba
Rosalia Mutemba
Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia Ministerio da Saude de Mocambique, Maputo, Mozambique Malaria Consortium Africa Regional Office, Kampala, Uganda Office of the Director, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo, Mozambique
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Juliette Morgan
Juliette Morgan
Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia Ministerio da Saude de Mocambique, Maputo, Mozambique Malaria Consortium Africa Regional Office, Kampala, Uganda Office of the Director, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo, Mozambique
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Elizabeth Streat
Elizabeth Streat
Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia Ministerio da Saude de Mocambique, Maputo, Mozambique Malaria Consortium Africa Regional Office, Kampala, Uganda Office of the Director, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo, Mozambique
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Jacquelin Roberts
Jacquelin Roberts
Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia Ministerio da Saude de Mocambique, Maputo, Mozambique Malaria Consortium Africa Regional Office, Kampala, Uganda Office of the Director, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo, Mozambique
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Manoj Menon
Manoj Menon
Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia Ministerio da Saude de Mocambique, Maputo, Mozambique Malaria Consortium Africa Regional Office, Kampala, Uganda Office of the Director, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo, Mozambique
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Samuel Mabunda
Samuel Mabunda
Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia Ministerio da Saude de Mocambique, Maputo, Mozambique Malaria Consortium Africa Regional Office, Kampala, Uganda Office of the Director, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo, Mozambique
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We conducted a health facility-based survey to estimate the prevalence of malaria among febrile patients at health facilities (HFs) in Maputo City. Patients answered a questionnaire on malaria risk factors and underwent malaria testing. A malaria case was defined as a positive result for malaria by microscopy in a patient with fever or history of fever in the previous 24 hours. Among 706 patients with complete information, 111 (15.7%) cases were identified: 105 were positive for Plasmodium falciparum only, two for Plasmodium ovale only, and four for both P. falciparum and P. ovale. Fever documented at study enrollment, age ≥ 5 years, rural HF, and travel outside Maputo City were statistically significantly associated with malaria by multivariate analysis. We found a high prevalence of laboratory-confirmed malaria among febrile patients in Maputo City. Further studies are needed to relate these findings with mosquito density to better support malaria prevention and control.
Author Notes
Financial support: Funding for this evaluation was partially provided by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) through the President's Malaria Initiative (PMI). The funding source for this study had no role in study design, data collection, analysis, or interpretation.
Authors' addresses: Alexandre Macedo de Oliveira, Juliette Morgan, Jacquelin Roberts, and Manoj Menon, Malaria Branch and Office of the Director, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, E-mails: acq7@cdc.gov, jmorgan@cdc.gov, jmr1@il.cdc.gov, and mmenon@gmail.com. Rosalia Mutemba, Ministerio da Saude de Mocambique, Maputo, Mozambique, E-mail: rosalmutemba@yahoo.com.br. Elizabeth Streat, Malaria Consortium Africa Regional Office, Kampala, Uganda, E-mail: e.streat@malariaconsortium.org. Samuel Jose Alves Mabunda, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo, Mozambique, E-mail: sjamabunda@gmail.com.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
United States Agency for International Development, 2010. President's Malaria Initiative. Available at: www.pmi.gov. Accessed October 20, 2010.
-
2.
Global Fund to Fight AIDS Tuberculosis and Malaria, 2010. The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria. Available at: http://www.theglobalfund.org/en/. Accessed October 20, 2010.
-
3.
Mabunda S, Mathe G, Streat E, Nery S, Kilian A, 2007. National Malaria Indicator Survey, Mozambique (MIS-2007). Maputo: National Malaria Control Programme, 115.
-
4.
Instituto Nacional de Estatistica of Mozambique, 2007. Recenseamento Geral da População e Habitação. Available at: http://www.ine.gov.mz/censo2007. Accessed July 6, 2010.
-
5.
Wang SJ, Lengeler C, Smith TA, Vounatsou P, Cisse G, Diallo DA, Akogbeto M, Mtasiwa D, Teklehaimanot A, Tanner M, 2005. Rapid urban malaria appraisal (RUMA) in sub-Saharan Africa. Malar J 4: 40.
-
6.
Thwing JI, Mihigo J, Fernandes AP, Saute F, Ferreira C, Fortes F, de Oliveira AM, Newman RD, 2009. How much malaria occurs in urban Luanda, Angola? A health facility-based assessment. Am J Trop Med Hyg 80: 487–491.
-
7.
Wang SJ, Lengeler C, Smith TA, Vounatsou P, Diadie DA, Pritroipa X, Convelbo N, Kientga M, Tanner M, 2005. Rapid urban malaria appraisal (RUMA) I: epidemiology of urban malaria in Ouagadougou. Malar J 4: 43.
-
8.
Okebe JU, Walther B, Bojang K, Drammeh S, Schellenberg D, Conway DJ, Walther M, 2010. Prescribing practice for malaria following introduction of artemether-lumefantrine in an urban area with declining endemicity in West Africa. Malar J 9: 180.
-
9.
Yukich J, D'Acremont V, Kahama J, Swai N, Lengeler C, 2010. Cost savings with rapid diagnostic tests for malaria in low-transmission areas: evidence from Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Am J Trop Med Hyg 83: 61–68.
-
10.
Faucher JF, Makoutode P, Abiou G, Beheton T, Houze P, Ouendo E, Houze S, Deloron P, Cot M, 2010. Can treatment of malaria be restricted to parasitologically confirmed malaria? A school-based study in Benin in children with and without fever. Malar J 9: 104.
-
11.
Robert V, Macintyre K, Keating J, Trape JF, Duchemin JB, Warren M, Beier JC, 2003. Malaria transmission in urban sub-Saharan Africa. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68: 169–176.
-
12.
Keiser J, Utzinger J, Caldas de Castro M, Smith TA, Tanner M, Singer BH, 2004. Urbanization in sub-Saharan Africa and implication for malaria control. Am J Trop Med Hyg 71: 118–127.
-
13.
Thompson R, Begtrup K, Cuamba N, Dgedge M, Mendis C, Gamage-Mendis A, Enosse SM, Barreto J, Sinden RE, Hogh B, 1997. The Matola malaria project: a temporal and spatial study of malaria transmission and disease in a suburban area of Maputo, Mozambique. Am J Trop Med Hyg 57: 550–559.
-
14.
Conteh L, Sharp BL, Streat E, Barreto A, Konar S, 2004. The cost and cost-effectiveness of malaria vector control by residual insecticide house-spraying in southern Mozambique: a rural and urban analysis. Trop Med Int Health 9: 125–132.
-
15.
Geissbuhler Y, Chaki P, Emidi B, Govella NJ, Shirima R, Mayagaya V, Mtasiwa D, Mshinda H, Fillinger U, Lindsay SW, Kannady K, de Castro MC, Tanner M, Killeen GF, 2007. Interdependence of domestic malaria prevention measures and mosquito-human interactions in urban Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Malar J 6: 126.
-
16.
Caldas de Castro M, Yamagata Y, Mtasiwa D, Tanner M, Utzinger J, Keiser J, Singer BH, 2004. Integrated urban malaria control: a case study in dar es salaam, Tanzania. Am J Trop Med Hyg 71: 103–117.
-
17.
Skarbinski J, Winston CA, Massaga JJ, Kachur SP, Rowe AK, 2008. Assessing the validity of health facility-based data on insecticide-treated bednet possession and use: comparison of data collected via health facility and household surveys–Lindi region and Rufiji district, Tanzania, 2005. Trop Med Int Health 13: 396–405.
-
18.
Dongus S, Nyika D, Kannady K, Mtasiwa D, Mshinda H, Gosoniu L, Drescher AW, Fillinger U, Tanner M, Killeen GF, Castro MC, 2009. Urban agriculture and Anopheles habitats in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Geospat Health 3: 189–210.
-
19.
Mendis C, Jacobsen JL, Gamage-Mendis A, Bule E, Dgedge M, Thompson R, Cuamba N, Barreto J, Begtrup K, Sinden RE, Hogh B, 2000. Anopheles arabiensis and An. funestus are equally important vectors of malaria in Matola coastal suburb of Maputo, southern Mozambique. Med Vet Entomol 14: 171–180.
-
20.
Tiago A, Calú N, Caupers P, Samuel M, 2011. Normas de Tratamento da Malaria Malaria. PNdCd, ed. Maputo: Ministerio da Saude, 42.
-
21.
WHO, 2010. Guidelines for the Treatment of Malaria. Second edition. Geneva: World Health Organization.
-
22.
Malisa AL, Pearce RJ, Abdulla S, Mshinda H, Kachur PS, Bloland P, Roper C, 2010. Drug coverage in treatment of malaria and the consequences for resistance evolution–evidence from the use of sulphadoxine/pyrimethamine. Malar J 9: 190.
-
23.
D'Acremont V, Lengeler C, Genton B, 2010. Reduction in the proportion of fevers associated with Plasmodium falciparum parasitemia in Africa: a systematic review. Malar J 9: 240.
-
24.
Waitumbi JN, Kuypers J, Anyona SB, Koros JN, Polhemus ME, Gerlach J, Steele M, Englund JA, Neuzil KM, Domingo GJ, 2010. Outpatient upper respiratory tract viral infections in children with malaria symptoms in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 83: 1010–1013.
-
25.
Reyburn H, Mbatia R, Drakeley C, Carneiro I, Mwakasungula E, Mwerinde O, Saganda K, Shao J, Kitua A, Olomi R, Greenwood BM, Whitty CJ, 2004. Overdiagnosis of malaria in patients with severe febrile illness in Tanzania: a prospective study. BMJ 329: 1212.
-
26.
Chinkhumba J, Skarbinski J, Chilima B, Campbell C, Ewing V, San Joaquin M, Sande J, Ali D, Mathanga D, 2010. Comparative field performance and adherence to test results of four malaria rapid diagnostic tests among febrile patients more than five years of age in Blantyre, Malawi. Malar J 9: 209.
-
27.
de Oliveira AM, Skarbinski J, Ouma PO, Kariuki S, Barnwell JW, Otieno K, Onyona P, Causer LM, Laserson KF, Akhwale WS, Slutsker L, Hamel M, 2009. Performance of malaria rapid diagnostic tests as part of routine malaria case management in Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 80: 470–474.
-
28.
WHO, 2009. Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Test Performance, Results of WHO Product Testing of Malaria RDTs (2008): Round 1. Geneva: World Health Organization.
-
29.
WHO, 2010. Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Test Performance, Results of WHO Product Testing of Malaria RDTs (2009): Round 2. Geneva: World Health Organization.
-
30.
McMorrow ML, Masanja MI, Kahigwa E, Abdulla SM, Kachur SP, 2010. Quality assurance of rapid diagnostic tests for malaria in routine patient care in rural Tanzania. Am J Trop Med Hyg 82: 151–155.
-
31.
D'Acremont V, Malila A, Swai N, Tillya R, Kahama-Maro J, Lengeler C, Genton B, 2010. Withholding antimalarials in febrile children who have a negative result for a rapid diagnostic test. Clin Infect Dis 51: 506–511.
-
32.
Harvey SA, Jennings L, Chinyama M, Masaninga F, Mulholland K, Bell DR, 2008. Improving community health worker use of malaria rapid diagnostic tests in Zambia: package instructions, job aid and job aid-plus-training. Malar J 7: 160.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 42 | 42 | 12 |
| Full Text Views | 418 | 72 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 190 | 24 | 0 |