ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Shikanai-Yasuda MA, Telles Filho FQ, Mendes RP, Colombo AL, Moretti ML, 2006. Consenso em paracoccidioidomicose. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 39: 297–310.
-
2.
Hotez PJ, Botazzi ME, Franco-Paredes C, Ault SK, Periago MR, 2008. The neglected tropical diseases of Latin America and the Caribbean: a review of disease burden and distribution and a road map for control and elimination. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2: e300.
-
3.
Martinez R, 2010. Paracoccidioidomycosis: the dimension of the problem of a neglected disease. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 43: 480.
-
4.
Wanke B, Londero AT, 1994. Epidemiology and paracoccidioidomycosis infection. Franco M, Lacaz CS, Restrepo-Moreno A, Del Negro G, eds. Paracoccidioidomycosis. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 109–120.
-
5.
Martinez R, Moya MJ, 2009. Primary complex of paracoccidioidomycosis and hypereosinophilia. J Bras Pneumol 35: 1259–1262.
-
6.
Franco M, Bagagli E, Scapolio S, Lacaz CS, 2000. A critical analysis of isolation of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis from soil. Med Mycol 38: 185–191.
-
7.
Restrepo A, McEwen JG, Castañeda E, 2001. The habitat of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis: how far from solving the riddle? Med Mycol 39: 233–241.
-
8.
Kotchetkoff-Henriques O, 2003. Caracterização da vegetação natural em Ribeirão Preto, SP. Bases para a conservação. PhD Thesis, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, located at Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
-
9.
Brazil's Health Ministry, 2010. Informações de saúde. Available at: http://tabnet.datasus.gov.br/cgi/deftohtm.exe?ibge/cnv/popsp.def. Accessed October 10, 2010.
-
10.
Franco M, Montenegro MR, Mendes RP, Marques AS, Dillon NL, Mota NG, 1987. Paracoccidioidomycosis: a recently proposed classification of its Clinical forms. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 20: 129–132.
-
11.
Fava SDC, Fava Netto C, Costa EO, Cuce LC, 1987. Distribuição geográfica e morbidade da paracoccidioidomicose no Estado de São Paulo. Rev Microbiol (São Paulo) 18: 349–356.
-
12.
Londero AT, Ramos CD, 1990. Paracoccidioidomicose. Estudo clínico e micológico de 260 casos observados no interior do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. J Pneumol 16: 129.
-
13.
Borelli D, 1970. Prevalence of systemic mycosis in Latin America. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Mycoses, Pan American Health Organization, 24–25 February 1970. Washington, DC.
-
14.
Greer DL, Restrepo A, 1977. La epidemiologia de la paracoccidioidomycosis. Bol Sanit Panam 83: 428–445.
-
15.
Rolon PA, 1976. Paracoccidioidomicosis—Epidemiologia en la Republica Del Paraguay, Centro de Sud América. Mycopathologia 59: 67–80.
-
16.
Torrado E, Castañeda E, de La Hoz F, Restrepo A, 2000. Paracoccidioidomicosis: definición de las áreas endemicas de Colômbia. Biomedica 20: 327–334.
-
17.
Barrozo LV, Mendes RP, Marques SA, Benard G, Silva MES, Bagagli E, 2009. Climate and acute/subacute paracoccidioidomycosis in a hyperendemic area in Brazil. Int J Epidemiol 38: 1642–1649.
-
18.
Blotta MHSI, Mamoni RL, Oliveira SJ, Nouer S, Papaiordanon PMO, Goveia A, Camargo ZP, 1999. Endemic regions of paracoccidioidomycosis in Brazil: a clinical and epidemiologic study of 584 cases in the southeast region. Am J Trop Med Hyg 61: 390–394.
-
19.
Silva-Vergara ML, Teixeira AC, Curi VG, Costa Júnior JC, Vanunce R, Carmo WM, Silva MR, 2003. Paracoccidioidomycosis associated with humam immunodeficiency virus infection. Report of 10 cases. Med Mycol 41: 259–263.
-
20.
Simões LB, Marques SA, Bagagli E, 2004. Distribution of paracoccidioidomycosis: determination of ecologic correlates through spatial analysis. Med Mycol 42: 517–523.
-
21.
Silva-Vergara ML, Martinez R, 1998. Inquérito epidemiológico com paracoccidioidina e histoplasmina em área agrícola de café em Ibiá, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Rev Iberoam Micol 15: 294–297.
-
22.
Paniago AMM, Aguiar JIA, Aguiar ES, da Cunha RV, Pereira GR, Londero AT, Wanke B, 2003. Paracoccidioidomicose: estudo clínico e epidemiológico de 422 casos observados no Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 36: 455–459.
-
23.
Marques AS, Franco MF, Mendes RP, Silva NCA, Baccili C, Curcelli ED, Feracin ACM, Oliveira CMS, Tagliarini JV, Dillon NL, 1983. Aspectos epidemiológicos da paracoccidioidomicose na área endêmica de Botucatu (São Paulo—Brasil). Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 25: 87–92.
-
24.
Valle ACF, Wanke B, Wanke NCF, Peixoto TC, Perez M, 1992. Tratamento da paracoccidioidomicose: estudo retrospectivo de 500 casos; análise clínica laboratorial e epidemiológica. An Bras Dermatol 67: 251–254.
-
25.
dos Santos WA, da Silva BM, Passos ED, Zandonade E, Falqueto A, 2003. Association between smoking and paracoccidioidomycosis: a case-control study in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Cad Saude Publica 19: 245–253.
-
26.
Martinez R, Moya MJ, 1992. The relationship between paracoccidioidomycosis and alcoholism. Rev Saude Publica 26: 12–16.
-
27.
Quagliato Júnior R, Grangeia Tde A, Massucio RA, De Capitani EM, Rezende Sde M, Balthazar AB, 2007. Association between paracoccidioidomycosis and tuberculosis: reality and misdiagnosis. J Bras Pneumol 33: 295–300.
-
28.
Morejón KML, Machado AA, Martinez R, 2009. Paracoccidioidomycosis in patients infected with and not infected with human immunodeficiency vírus: a case-control study. Am J Trop Med Hyg 80: 359–366.
-
29.
Shikanai-Yasuda MA, Conceição YM, Kono A, Rivitti E, Campos AF, Campos SV, 2008. Neoplasia and paracoccidioidomycosis. Mycopathologia 165: 303–312.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 1591 | 1443 | 54 |
| Full Text Views | 675 | 14 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 193 | 14 | 0 |
Paracoccidioidomycosis Epidemiological Features of a 1,000-Cases Series from a Hyperendemic Area on the Southeast of Brazil
Fernando Bellissimo-Rodrigues
Fernando Bellissimo-Rodrigues
Social Medicine Department and Infectious Diseases Division/Internal Medicine Department, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brasil
Search for other papers by Fernando Bellissimo-Rodrigues in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Fernando Bellissimo-Rodrigues in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Alcyone Artioli Machado
Alcyone Artioli Machado
Social Medicine Department and Infectious Diseases Division/Internal Medicine Department, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brasil
Search for other papers by Alcyone Artioli Machado in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Alcyone Artioli Machado in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Roberto Martinez
Roberto Martinez
Social Medicine Department and Infectious Diseases Division/Internal Medicine Department, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brasil
Search for other papers by Roberto Martinez in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Roberto Martinez in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Paracoccidioidomycosis has been known for over 100 years, and until now, there were only few estimates of the disease's incidence. We aim to analyze 1,000 cases treated between 1960 and 1999 at Ribeirão Preto city, São Paulo, Brazil, where the disease's incidence range detected was 1.6 to 3.7 cases per 100,000 habitants per year (mean = 2.7 cases/year). We observed a male to female ratio of 6:1 and an age distribution from 3 to 85 years. The acute/subacute form of the disease accounted for 25.4% of cases. Most of the patients (93.5%) had lived or worked in rural areas before the disease development. Smoking and alcoholism were reported by 64.7% and 37.2% of patients, respectively. Comorbidities identified included tuberculosis (8.3%), Chagas' disease (8.6%), and human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (4.2%). The present study revealed an area in Brazil where paracoccidioidomycosis is hyperendemic (has the highest reported incidence of this disease); this endemic area is probably caused by geological and climatic conditions as well as intensive agriculture.
Author Notes
Financial support: This work was partially supported by Fundação para o Apoio ao Ensino, Pesquisa e Assistência (FAEPA) do HC FMRP-USP.
Authors' addresses: Fernando Bellissimo-Rodrigues, Alcyone Artioli Machado, and Roberto Martinez, Avenida dos Bandeirantes, 3900, Campus Universitário-Monte Alegre, postal code 14048-900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil, E-mails: fbellissimo@fmrp.usp.br, aldebaran@netsite.com.br, and rmartine@fmrp.usp.br.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Shikanai-Yasuda MA, Telles Filho FQ, Mendes RP, Colombo AL, Moretti ML, 2006. Consenso em paracoccidioidomicose. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 39: 297–310.
-
2.
Hotez PJ, Botazzi ME, Franco-Paredes C, Ault SK, Periago MR, 2008. The neglected tropical diseases of Latin America and the Caribbean: a review of disease burden and distribution and a road map for control and elimination. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2: e300.
-
3.
Martinez R, 2010. Paracoccidioidomycosis: the dimension of the problem of a neglected disease. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 43: 480.
-
4.
Wanke B, Londero AT, 1994. Epidemiology and paracoccidioidomycosis infection. Franco M, Lacaz CS, Restrepo-Moreno A, Del Negro G, eds. Paracoccidioidomycosis. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 109–120.
-
5.
Martinez R, Moya MJ, 2009. Primary complex of paracoccidioidomycosis and hypereosinophilia. J Bras Pneumol 35: 1259–1262.
-
6.
Franco M, Bagagli E, Scapolio S, Lacaz CS, 2000. A critical analysis of isolation of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis from soil. Med Mycol 38: 185–191.
-
7.
Restrepo A, McEwen JG, Castañeda E, 2001. The habitat of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis: how far from solving the riddle? Med Mycol 39: 233–241.
-
8.
Kotchetkoff-Henriques O, 2003. Caracterização da vegetação natural em Ribeirão Preto, SP. Bases para a conservação. PhD Thesis, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, located at Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
-
9.
Brazil's Health Ministry, 2010. Informações de saúde. Available at: http://tabnet.datasus.gov.br/cgi/deftohtm.exe?ibge/cnv/popsp.def. Accessed October 10, 2010.
-
10.
Franco M, Montenegro MR, Mendes RP, Marques AS, Dillon NL, Mota NG, 1987. Paracoccidioidomycosis: a recently proposed classification of its Clinical forms. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 20: 129–132.
-
11.
Fava SDC, Fava Netto C, Costa EO, Cuce LC, 1987. Distribuição geográfica e morbidade da paracoccidioidomicose no Estado de São Paulo. Rev Microbiol (São Paulo) 18: 349–356.
-
12.
Londero AT, Ramos CD, 1990. Paracoccidioidomicose. Estudo clínico e micológico de 260 casos observados no interior do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. J Pneumol 16: 129.
-
13.
Borelli D, 1970. Prevalence of systemic mycosis in Latin America. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Mycoses, Pan American Health Organization, 24–25 February 1970. Washington, DC.
-
14.
Greer DL, Restrepo A, 1977. La epidemiologia de la paracoccidioidomycosis. Bol Sanit Panam 83: 428–445.
-
15.
Rolon PA, 1976. Paracoccidioidomicosis—Epidemiologia en la Republica Del Paraguay, Centro de Sud América. Mycopathologia 59: 67–80.
-
16.
Torrado E, Castañeda E, de La Hoz F, Restrepo A, 2000. Paracoccidioidomicosis: definición de las áreas endemicas de Colômbia. Biomedica 20: 327–334.
-
17.
Barrozo LV, Mendes RP, Marques SA, Benard G, Silva MES, Bagagli E, 2009. Climate and acute/subacute paracoccidioidomycosis in a hyperendemic area in Brazil. Int J Epidemiol 38: 1642–1649.
-
18.
Blotta MHSI, Mamoni RL, Oliveira SJ, Nouer S, Papaiordanon PMO, Goveia A, Camargo ZP, 1999. Endemic regions of paracoccidioidomycosis in Brazil: a clinical and epidemiologic study of 584 cases in the southeast region. Am J Trop Med Hyg 61: 390–394.
-
19.
Silva-Vergara ML, Teixeira AC, Curi VG, Costa Júnior JC, Vanunce R, Carmo WM, Silva MR, 2003. Paracoccidioidomycosis associated with humam immunodeficiency virus infection. Report of 10 cases. Med Mycol 41: 259–263.
-
20.
Simões LB, Marques SA, Bagagli E, 2004. Distribution of paracoccidioidomycosis: determination of ecologic correlates through spatial analysis. Med Mycol 42: 517–523.
-
21.
Silva-Vergara ML, Martinez R, 1998. Inquérito epidemiológico com paracoccidioidina e histoplasmina em área agrícola de café em Ibiá, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Rev Iberoam Micol 15: 294–297.
-
22.
Paniago AMM, Aguiar JIA, Aguiar ES, da Cunha RV, Pereira GR, Londero AT, Wanke B, 2003. Paracoccidioidomicose: estudo clínico e epidemiológico de 422 casos observados no Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 36: 455–459.
-
23.
Marques AS, Franco MF, Mendes RP, Silva NCA, Baccili C, Curcelli ED, Feracin ACM, Oliveira CMS, Tagliarini JV, Dillon NL, 1983. Aspectos epidemiológicos da paracoccidioidomicose na área endêmica de Botucatu (São Paulo—Brasil). Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 25: 87–92.
-
24.
Valle ACF, Wanke B, Wanke NCF, Peixoto TC, Perez M, 1992. Tratamento da paracoccidioidomicose: estudo retrospectivo de 500 casos; análise clínica laboratorial e epidemiológica. An Bras Dermatol 67: 251–254.
-
25.
dos Santos WA, da Silva BM, Passos ED, Zandonade E, Falqueto A, 2003. Association between smoking and paracoccidioidomycosis: a case-control study in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Cad Saude Publica 19: 245–253.
-
26.
Martinez R, Moya MJ, 1992. The relationship between paracoccidioidomycosis and alcoholism. Rev Saude Publica 26: 12–16.
-
27.
Quagliato Júnior R, Grangeia Tde A, Massucio RA, De Capitani EM, Rezende Sde M, Balthazar AB, 2007. Association between paracoccidioidomycosis and tuberculosis: reality and misdiagnosis. J Bras Pneumol 33: 295–300.
-
28.
Morejón KML, Machado AA, Martinez R, 2009. Paracoccidioidomycosis in patients infected with and not infected with human immunodeficiency vírus: a case-control study. Am J Trop Med Hyg 80: 359–366.
-
29.
Shikanai-Yasuda MA, Conceição YM, Kono A, Rivitti E, Campos AF, Campos SV, 2008. Neoplasia and paracoccidioidomycosis. Mycopathologia 165: 303–312.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 1591 | 1443 | 54 |
| Full Text Views | 675 | 14 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 193 | 14 | 0 |