Entomological Indices, Feeding Sources, and Molecular Identification of Triatoma phyllosoma (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) One of the Main Vectors of Chagas Disease in the Istmo de Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, Mexico

Guiehdani Villalobos Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Distrito Federal, México; Departamento de Epidemiología Molecular, Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea González”, Distrito Federal, México

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Fernando Martínez-Hernández Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Distrito Federal, México; Departamento de Epidemiología Molecular, Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea González”, Distrito Federal, México

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Patricia de la Torre Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Distrito Federal, México; Departamento de Epidemiología Molecular, Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea González”, Distrito Federal, México

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Juan Pedro Laclette Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Distrito Federal, México; Departamento de Epidemiología Molecular, Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea González”, Distrito Federal, México

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Bertha Espinoza Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Distrito Federal, México; Departamento de Epidemiología Molecular, Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea González”, Distrito Federal, México

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The purpose of this study was to conduct an entomological analysis, determination of feeding sources, and molecular identification of triatomines in five communities of the Istmo de Tehuantepec, Oaxaca. The only found species in two of five searched communities (San Mateo del Mar and Tehuantepec City) was Triatoma phyllosoma. Colonization indices were high in both communities. In San Mateo del Mar, the insects were found indoors and in Tehuantepec City in peridomestic areas. The Trypanosoma cruzi infection indices were 2.1% in San Mateo del Mar and 39.4% in Tehuantepec City. This difference could be related to the high numbers of triatomine feeding on hens in the former community. In contrast, in Tehuantepec, dogs were the principal triatomine feeding sources. All nymphs and adults that were genetically analyzed belonged to the species T. phyllosoma. Low levels of genetic variation were found between vectors from both communities.

Author Notes

*Address correspondence to Bertha Espinoza, Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, Distrito Federal, 3° Circuito, Ciudad Universitaria, P.C. 04510, México, D.F. E-mail: besgu@biomedicas.unam.mx

Financial support: This work was support by grant no. 229209 from PAPIIT-DGAPA Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. GV and FMH thank to CONACYT, Mexico, for the scholarships during their graduate studies.

Authors' addresses: Guiehdani Villalobos, Patricia de la Torre, Juan Pedro Laclette, and Bertha Espinoza, Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, Distrito Federal, 3° Circuito, Ciudad Universitaria, México, D.F., E-mails: guiehda@yahoo.com.mx, pdltorre@servidor.unam.mx, laclette@servidor.unam.mx, and besgu@biomedicas.unam.mx. Fernando Martínez-Hernández, Departamento de Epidemiología Molecular, Hospital General Doctor Manuel Gea González, Calzada de Tlalpan, México, D.F., E-mail: fherxyz@yahoo.com.

Reprint requests: Bertha Espinoza, Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, Distrito Federal, 3° Circuito, Ciudad Universitaria, P.C. 04510, México, D.F., Tel: (525) 56 22 89 43, Fax: (525) 56 22 91 98, E-mail: besgu@biomedicas.unam.mx.

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