ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
International League Against Epilepsy, 1994. Relationship between epilepsy and tropical diseases. Commission on Tropical Diseases of the International League Against Epilepsy. Epilepsia 35: 89–93.
-
2.
MacArthur W, 1933. Cysticercosis as seen in the British Army, with special reference to the production of Epilepsy. Trans R Soc Med 27: 343–363.
-
3.
Spina-Franca A, Nobrega JP, Livramento JA, Machado LR, 1982. Administration of praziquantel in neurocysticercosis. Z Tropenmed Parasitol 33: 1–4.
-
4.
Park SY, Barkovich AJ, Weintraub PS, 2000. Clinical implications of calcified lesions of neurocysticercosis. Pediatr Infect Dis J 19: 581–583.
-
5.
Del Brutto OH, Santibanez R, Noboa CA, Aguirre R, Diaz E, Alarcon TA, 1992. Epilepsy due to neurocysticercosis: analysis of 203 patients. Neurology 42: 389–392.
-
6.
White AC Jr, 1997. Neurocysticercosis: a major cause of neurological disease worldwide. Clin Infect Dis 24: 101–113.
-
7.
Nash TE, Patronas NJ, 1999. Edema associated with calcified lesions in neurocysticercosis. Neurology 53: 777–781.
-
8.
Nash TE, Del BH, Butman JA, Corona T, Delgado-Escueta A, Duron RM, Evans CAW, Gilman RH, Gonzalez AE, Loeb JA, Medina MT, Pietsch-Escueta S, Pretell EJ, Takayanagui OM, Theodore W, Tsang VCW, Garcia HH, 2004. Calcific neurocysticercosis and epileptogenesis. Neurology 62: 1934–1938.
-
9.
Antoniuk SA, Bruck I, Dos Santos LH, Pintarelli VL, Navolar FB, Brackmann PC Jr, de Morais RL, 2001. Seizures associated with calcifications and edema in neurocysticercosis. Pediatr Neurol 25: 309–311.
-
10.
Singh G, Sachdev MS, Tirath A, Gupta AK, Avasthi G, 2000. Focal cortical-subcortical calcifications (FCSCs) and epilepsy in the Indian subcontinent. Epilepsia 41: 718–726.
-
11.
Cukiert A, Puglia P, Scapolan HB, Vilela MM, Marino Junior R, 1994. Congruence of the topography of intracranial calcifications and epileptic foci. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 52: 289–294.
-
12.
Murthy JM, Reddy VS, 1998. Clinical characteristics, seizure spread patterns and prognosis of seizures associated with a single small cerebral calcific CT lesion. Seizure 7: 153–157.
-
13.
Nash TE, Pretell EJ, Lescano AG, Bustos JA, Gilman RH, Gonzalez AE, Garcia HH, 2008. Perilesional brain oedema and seizure activity in patients with calcified neurocysticercosis: a prospective cohort and nested case-control study. Lancet Neurol 7: 1099–1105.
-
14.
Sheth TN, Lee C, Kucharczyk W, Keystone J, 1999. Reactivation of neurocysticercosis: Case report. Am J Trop Med Hyg 60: 664–667.
-
15.
Klotz P, Tappe D, Abele-Horn M, Warmuth-Metz M, Sorensen N, Speer CP, Girschick HJ, 2006. Cerebral mass in a 13-year-old girl following long-term sojourn in the tropics. J Med Microbiol 55: 345–347.
-
16.
Chacko G, Rajshekhar V, Chandy MJ, Chandi SM, 2000. The calcified intracorporeal vacuole: an aid to the pathological diagnosis of solitary cerebral cysticercus granulomas. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 69: 525–527.
-
17.
Escobar A, 1983. Pathology of the nervous system. Palacios E, Rodriguez-Carbajal J, Taveras JM, eds. Cysticercosis of the Central Nervous System. Springfield, IL: Charles Thomas, 27–54.
-
18.
Escobar A, Weidenheim K, 2002. The pathology of neurocysticercosis. Singh G, Prabhakar S, eds. Taenia solium Cysticercosis—From Basics to Clinical Science. Wallingford, Oxon, United Kingdom: CABI Publishing, 289–305.
-
19.
Hennenberg R, 1912. Die tierischen Parasiten des Zentralnervensystems. Lewandowsky M, ed. Handbuch der Neurologie. Verlag Von Julius Springer, Berlin, 642–683.
-
20.
Marquez-Monter H, 1971. Cysticercosis. Marcial-Rojas R, ed. Pathology of Protozoal and Helminthic Diseases. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins Company, 592–617.
-
21.
Raliela-Cervantes MTR, Rivas-Hernandez A, Rodriguez-Ibarra J, Castillo-Medina S, Cancino FDM, 1982. Anatomopathological aspects of human brain cysticercosis. Flisser A, Willms K, Juan Pedro Laclette, Larralde C, Ridaura C, Beltran F, eds. Cysticercosis: Present State of Knowledge and Perspectives. New York, NY: Academic Press, 179–200.
-
22.
Rajshekhar V, 2001. Rate of spontaneous resolution of a solitary cysticercus granuloma in patients with seizures. Neurology 57: 2315–2317.
-
23.
Sheth TN, Pillon L, Keystone J, Kucharczyk W, 1998. Persistent MR contrast enhancement of calcified neurocysticercosis lesions. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 19: 79–82.
-
24.
Wang IC, Fan PC, Lu SC, Fan CK, Su KE, 2008. Suppression of host Th1-type granulomatous inflammation by Taenia solium metacestodes is related to down-regulation of osteopontin gene expression. Int J Parasitol 38: 239–248.
-
25.
Gupta RK, Kumar R, Chawla S, Pradhan S, 2002. Demonstration of scolex within calcified cysticercus cyst: its possible role in the pathogenesis of perilesional edema. Epilepsia 43: 1502–1508.
-
26.
Pradhan S, Kathuria MK, Gupta RK, 2000. Perilesional gliosis and seizure outcome: a study based on magnetization transfer magnetic resonance imaging in patients with neurocysticercosis. Ann Neurol 48: 181–187.
-
27.
Poeschl P, Janzen A, Schuierer G, Winkler J, Bogdahn U, Steinbrecher A, 2006. Calcified neurocysticercosis lesions trigger symptomatic inflammation during antiparasitic therapy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 27: 653–655.
-
28.
Mitre E, Talaat KR, Sperling MR, Nash TE, 2007. Methotrexate as a corticosteroid-sparing agent in complicated neurocysticercosis. Clin Infect Dis 44: 549–553.
-
29.
Nash TE, Singh G, White AC, Rajshekhar V, Loeb JA, Proano JV, Takayanagui OM, Gonzalez AE, Butman JA, DeGiorgio C, Del Brutto OH, Delgado-Escueta A, Evans CA, Gilman RH, Martinez SM, Medina MT, Pretell EJ, Teale J, Garcia HH, 2006. Treatment of neurocysticercosis: current status and future research needs. Neurology 67: 1120–1127.
-
30.
Wiebe S, Blume WT, Girvin JP, Eliasziw M, 2001. A randomized, controlled trial of surgery for temporal-lobe epilepsy. N Engl J Med 345: 311–318.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 1793 | 1655 | 49 |
| Full Text Views | 403 | 11 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 162 | 11 | 0 |
A Calcified Taenia solium Granuloma Associated with Recurrent Perilesional Edema Causing Refractory Seizures: Histopathological Features
Winnie W. Ooi
Winnie W. Ooi
Department of Infectious Diseases, Lahey Clinic, Burlington, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology, Lahey Clinic, Burlington, Massachusetts; Department of Clinical Pathology, Lahey Clinic, Burlington, Massachusetts; Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Subhashie Wijemanne
Subhashie Wijemanne
Department of Infectious Diseases, Lahey Clinic, Burlington, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology, Lahey Clinic, Burlington, Massachusetts; Department of Clinical Pathology, Lahey Clinic, Burlington, Massachusetts; Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Christine B. Thomas
Christine B. Thomas
Department of Infectious Diseases, Lahey Clinic, Burlington, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology, Lahey Clinic, Burlington, Massachusetts; Department of Clinical Pathology, Lahey Clinic, Burlington, Massachusetts; Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Martha Quezado
Martha Quezado
Department of Infectious Diseases, Lahey Clinic, Burlington, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology, Lahey Clinic, Burlington, Massachusetts; Department of Clinical Pathology, Lahey Clinic, Burlington, Massachusetts; Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Charles R. Brown
Charles R. Brown
Department of Infectious Diseases, Lahey Clinic, Burlington, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology, Lahey Clinic, Burlington, Massachusetts; Department of Clinical Pathology, Lahey Clinic, Burlington, Massachusetts; Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Theodore E. Nash
Theodore E. Nash
Department of Infectious Diseases, Lahey Clinic, Burlington, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology, Lahey Clinic, Burlington, Massachusetts; Department of Clinical Pathology, Lahey Clinic, Burlington, Massachusetts; Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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We describe the first detailed histological description of an excised calcified Taenia solium granuloma from a patient who developed recurrent seizures associated with perilesional edema surrounding a calcified cysticercus (PEC). The capsule, around a degenerated cysticercus, contained marked mononuclear infiltrates that extended to adjacent brain, which showed marked astrocytosis, microgliosis, and inflammatory perivascular infiltrates. The presence of large numbers of mononuclear cells supports an inflammatory cause of PEC. Immunosuppression or anti-inflammatory measures may be able to treat and prevent PEC and recurrent seizures.
Author Notes
Financial support: Support for this study was received from the intramural National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases at the National Institutes of Health.
Authors' addresses: Winnie W. Ooi, Department of Infectious Diseases, Lahey Clinic, Burlington, MA, E-mail: Winnie.W.Ooi@lahey.org. Subhashie Wijemanne, Department of Neurology, Lahey Clinic, Burlington, MA. Christine B. Thomas, Department of Clinical Pathology, Lahey Clinic, Burlington, MA. Martha Quezado, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Charles R. Brown, Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD. Theodore E. Nash, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, E-mail: tnash@niaid.nih.gov.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
International League Against Epilepsy, 1994. Relationship between epilepsy and tropical diseases. Commission on Tropical Diseases of the International League Against Epilepsy. Epilepsia 35: 89–93.
-
2.
MacArthur W, 1933. Cysticercosis as seen in the British Army, with special reference to the production of Epilepsy. Trans R Soc Med 27: 343–363.
-
3.
Spina-Franca A, Nobrega JP, Livramento JA, Machado LR, 1982. Administration of praziquantel in neurocysticercosis. Z Tropenmed Parasitol 33: 1–4.
-
4.
Park SY, Barkovich AJ, Weintraub PS, 2000. Clinical implications of calcified lesions of neurocysticercosis. Pediatr Infect Dis J 19: 581–583.
-
5.
Del Brutto OH, Santibanez R, Noboa CA, Aguirre R, Diaz E, Alarcon TA, 1992. Epilepsy due to neurocysticercosis: analysis of 203 patients. Neurology 42: 389–392.
-
6.
White AC Jr, 1997. Neurocysticercosis: a major cause of neurological disease worldwide. Clin Infect Dis 24: 101–113.
-
7.
Nash TE, Patronas NJ, 1999. Edema associated with calcified lesions in neurocysticercosis. Neurology 53: 777–781.
-
8.
Nash TE, Del BH, Butman JA, Corona T, Delgado-Escueta A, Duron RM, Evans CAW, Gilman RH, Gonzalez AE, Loeb JA, Medina MT, Pietsch-Escueta S, Pretell EJ, Takayanagui OM, Theodore W, Tsang VCW, Garcia HH, 2004. Calcific neurocysticercosis and epileptogenesis. Neurology 62: 1934–1938.
-
9.
Antoniuk SA, Bruck I, Dos Santos LH, Pintarelli VL, Navolar FB, Brackmann PC Jr, de Morais RL, 2001. Seizures associated with calcifications and edema in neurocysticercosis. Pediatr Neurol 25: 309–311.
-
10.
Singh G, Sachdev MS, Tirath A, Gupta AK, Avasthi G, 2000. Focal cortical-subcortical calcifications (FCSCs) and epilepsy in the Indian subcontinent. Epilepsia 41: 718–726.
-
11.
Cukiert A, Puglia P, Scapolan HB, Vilela MM, Marino Junior R, 1994. Congruence of the topography of intracranial calcifications and epileptic foci. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 52: 289–294.
-
12.
Murthy JM, Reddy VS, 1998. Clinical characteristics, seizure spread patterns and prognosis of seizures associated with a single small cerebral calcific CT lesion. Seizure 7: 153–157.
-
13.
Nash TE, Pretell EJ, Lescano AG, Bustos JA, Gilman RH, Gonzalez AE, Garcia HH, 2008. Perilesional brain oedema and seizure activity in patients with calcified neurocysticercosis: a prospective cohort and nested case-control study. Lancet Neurol 7: 1099–1105.
-
14.
Sheth TN, Lee C, Kucharczyk W, Keystone J, 1999. Reactivation of neurocysticercosis: Case report. Am J Trop Med Hyg 60: 664–667.
-
15.
Klotz P, Tappe D, Abele-Horn M, Warmuth-Metz M, Sorensen N, Speer CP, Girschick HJ, 2006. Cerebral mass in a 13-year-old girl following long-term sojourn in the tropics. J Med Microbiol 55: 345–347.
-
16.
Chacko G, Rajshekhar V, Chandy MJ, Chandi SM, 2000. The calcified intracorporeal vacuole: an aid to the pathological diagnosis of solitary cerebral cysticercus granulomas. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 69: 525–527.
-
17.
Escobar A, 1983. Pathology of the nervous system. Palacios E, Rodriguez-Carbajal J, Taveras JM, eds. Cysticercosis of the Central Nervous System. Springfield, IL: Charles Thomas, 27–54.
-
18.
Escobar A, Weidenheim K, 2002. The pathology of neurocysticercosis. Singh G, Prabhakar S, eds. Taenia solium Cysticercosis—From Basics to Clinical Science. Wallingford, Oxon, United Kingdom: CABI Publishing, 289–305.
-
19.
Hennenberg R, 1912. Die tierischen Parasiten des Zentralnervensystems. Lewandowsky M, ed. Handbuch der Neurologie. Verlag Von Julius Springer, Berlin, 642–683.
-
20.
Marquez-Monter H, 1971. Cysticercosis. Marcial-Rojas R, ed. Pathology of Protozoal and Helminthic Diseases. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins Company, 592–617.
-
21.
Raliela-Cervantes MTR, Rivas-Hernandez A, Rodriguez-Ibarra J, Castillo-Medina S, Cancino FDM, 1982. Anatomopathological aspects of human brain cysticercosis. Flisser A, Willms K, Juan Pedro Laclette, Larralde C, Ridaura C, Beltran F, eds. Cysticercosis: Present State of Knowledge and Perspectives. New York, NY: Academic Press, 179–200.
-
22.
Rajshekhar V, 2001. Rate of spontaneous resolution of a solitary cysticercus granuloma in patients with seizures. Neurology 57: 2315–2317.
-
23.
Sheth TN, Pillon L, Keystone J, Kucharczyk W, 1998. Persistent MR contrast enhancement of calcified neurocysticercosis lesions. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 19: 79–82.
-
24.
Wang IC, Fan PC, Lu SC, Fan CK, Su KE, 2008. Suppression of host Th1-type granulomatous inflammation by Taenia solium metacestodes is related to down-regulation of osteopontin gene expression. Int J Parasitol 38: 239–248.
-
25.
Gupta RK, Kumar R, Chawla S, Pradhan S, 2002. Demonstration of scolex within calcified cysticercus cyst: its possible role in the pathogenesis of perilesional edema. Epilepsia 43: 1502–1508.
-
26.
Pradhan S, Kathuria MK, Gupta RK, 2000. Perilesional gliosis and seizure outcome: a study based on magnetization transfer magnetic resonance imaging in patients with neurocysticercosis. Ann Neurol 48: 181–187.
-
27.
Poeschl P, Janzen A, Schuierer G, Winkler J, Bogdahn U, Steinbrecher A, 2006. Calcified neurocysticercosis lesions trigger symptomatic inflammation during antiparasitic therapy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 27: 653–655.
-
28.
Mitre E, Talaat KR, Sperling MR, Nash TE, 2007. Methotrexate as a corticosteroid-sparing agent in complicated neurocysticercosis. Clin Infect Dis 44: 549–553.
-
29.
Nash TE, Singh G, White AC, Rajshekhar V, Loeb JA, Proano JV, Takayanagui OM, Gonzalez AE, Butman JA, DeGiorgio C, Del Brutto OH, Delgado-Escueta A, Evans CA, Gilman RH, Martinez SM, Medina MT, Pretell EJ, Teale J, Garcia HH, 2006. Treatment of neurocysticercosis: current status and future research needs. Neurology 67: 1120–1127.
-
30.
Wiebe S, Blume WT, Girvin JP, Eliasziw M, 2001. A randomized, controlled trial of surgery for temporal-lobe epilepsy. N Engl J Med 345: 311–318.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 1793 | 1655 | 49 |
| Full Text Views | 403 | 11 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 162 | 11 | 0 |